绝密★启用前
2023年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（全国乙卷） 英 语 注意事项：
1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上，并将自己的姓名、准考证号、座位号填写在本试卷上。
2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑；如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。涂写在本试卷上无效。
3. 作答非选择题时，将答案书写在答题卡上，书写在本试卷上无效。
4. 考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节 （共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
例：How much is the shirt?
A. £19.15. B. £9.18. C. £9.15.
答案是C。
1. Where does the conversation probably take place?
A. In the bookstore. B. In the register office. C. In the dorm building.
2. What is the weather like today?
A. Sunny. B. Cloudy. C. Rainy.
3. What does the man want to do on the weekend?
A. Do some gardening. B. Have a barbecue. C. Go fishing.
4. What are the speakers talking about?
A. A new office. B. A change of their jobs. C. A former colleague.
5. What do we know about Andrew?
A. He’s optimistic. B. He’s active. C. He’s shy.
第二节 （共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题。从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段对话，回答第6和第7两个小题。
6. Which of the following does the woman dislike?
A. The bedroom. B. The sitting room. C. The kitchen.
7. What does the woman suggest they do next?
A. Go to another agency. B. See some other flats. C. Visit the neighbours.
听下面一段对话，回答第8和第9两个小题。
8. What is the man doing?
A. He’s making a phone call. B. He’s chairing a meeting. C. He’s hosting a program.
9. What makes Mrs. Johnson worried about her daughter in Africa?
A. Lack of medical support.
B. Inconvenience of communication.
C. Poor transportation system.
听下面一段对话，回答第10至第12三个小题。
10. What position does the man apply for?
A. A salesperson. B. An engineer. C. An accountant.
11. Which aspect of the company appeals to the man?
A. The company culture. B. The free accommodations. C. The competitive pay.
12. What is difficult for the man to deal with?
A. Interpersonal relationships. B. Quality-quantity balance. C. Unplanned happenings.
听下面一段对话，回答第13至第16四个小题。
13. How does Robert sound when speaking of his being a writer?
A. Hopeful. B. Grateful. C. doubtful.
14. What was Robert like before he was 9 years old?
A. He had wild imagination. B. He enjoyed sports. C. He loved science.
15. What does Robert’s father do?
A. A teacher. B. A coach. C. A librarian.
16. What helped Robert become a writer?
A. Writing daily. B. Listening to stories. C. Reading extensively.
听下面一段独白，回答第17至第20四个小题。
17. Where was Open Tchaikovsky Competition held in 1986?
A. In Moscow. B. In Chelyabinsk. C. In Berlin.
18. What does Maxim say about the competition he attended at 10?
A. It inspired many young musicians.
B. It was the music event of his dreams.
C. It was a life-changing experience.
19. Which kind of music are the young players required to play?
A. Rock music. B. Pop music. C. Classical music.
20. What does Maxim value most in young players’ performance?
A. Expressiveness. B. Smoothness. C. Completeness.
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）
第一节 （共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A PRACTITIONERS Jacqueline Felice de Almania (c. 1322) highlights the suspicion that women practicing medicine faced. Born to a Jewish family in Florence, she moved to Paris where she worked as a physician and performed surgery. In 1322 she was tried for practicing unlawfully. In spite of the court hearing testimonials (证明) of her ability as a doctor, she was banned from medicine.
Tan Yunxian (1461-1554) was a Chinese physician who learned her skills from her grandparents. Chinese women at the time could not serve apprenticeships (学徒期) with doctors. However, Tan passed the official exam. Tan treated women from all walks of life. In 1511, Tan wrote a book, Sayings of a Female Doctor, describing her life as a physician.
James Barry (c. 1789-1865) was born Margaret Bulkley in Ireland but, dressed as a man, she was accepted by Edinburgh University to study medicine. She qualified as a surgeon in 1813, then joined the British Army, serving overseas. Barry retired in 1859, having practiced her entire medical profession living and working as a man.
Rebecca Lee Crumpler (1831-1895) worked as a nurse for eight years before studying in medical college in Boston in 1860. Four years later, she was the first African American woman to receive a medical degree. She moved to Virginia in 1865, where she provided medical care to freed slaves.
21. What did Jacqueline and James have in common?
A. Doing teaching jobs.
B. Being hired as physicians.
C. Performing surgery.
D. Being banned from medicine.
22. How was Tan Yunxian different from the other practitioners?
A. She wrote a book.
B. She went through trials.
C. She worked as a dentist.
D. She had formal education.
23. Who was the first African American with a medical degree?
A. Jacqueline Felice de Almania.
B. Tan Yunxian.
C. James Barry.
D. Rebecca Lee Crumpler.
B Living in Iowa and trying to become a photographer specializing in landscape (风景) can be quite a challenge, mainly because the corn state lacks geographical variation.
Although landscapes in the Midwest tend to be quite similar, either farm fields or highways, sometimes I find distinctive character in the hills or lakes. To make some of my landscape shots, I have traveled up to four hours away to shoot within 10-minute time frame. I tend to travel with a few of my friends to state parks or to the countryside to go on adventures and take photos along the way.
Being at the right place at the right time is decisive in any style of photography. I often leave early to seek the right destinations so I can set up early to avoid missing the moment I am attempting to photograph. I have missed plenty of beautiful sunsets/sunrises due to being on the sport only five minutes before the best moment.
One time my friends and I drove three hours to Devil’s Lake, Wisconsin, to climb the purple quartz (石英) rock around the lake. After we found a crazy-looking road that hung over a bunch of rocks, we decided to photograph the scene at sunset. The position enabled us to look over the lake with the sunset in the background. We managed to leave this spot to climb higher because of the spare time until sunset. However, we did not mark the route (路线) so we ended up almost missing the sunset entirely. Once we found the place, it was stressful getting lights and cameras set up in the limited time. Still, looking back on the photos, they are some of my best shots though they could have been so much better if I would have been prepared and managed my time wisely.
24. How does the author deal with the challenge as a landscape photographer in the Midwest?
A. By teaming up with other photographers.
B. By shooting in the countryside or state parks.
C. By studying the geographical conditions.
D. By creating settings in the corn fields.
25. What is the key to successful landscape photography according to the author?
A. Proper time management. B. Good shooting techniques.
C. Adventurous spirit. D. Distinctive styles.
26. What can we infer from the author’s trip with friends to Devil’s Lake?
A. They went crazy with the purple quartz rock.
B. They felt stressed while waiting for the sunset.
C. They reached the shooting spot later than expected.
D. They had problems with their equipment.
27. How does the author find his photos taken at Devil’s Lake ?
A. Amusing. B. Satisfying. C. Encouraging. D. Comforting.
C What comes into your mind when you think of British food? Probably fish and chips, or a Sunday dinner of meat and two vegetables. But is British food really so uninteresting? Even though Britain has a reputation for less-than-impressive cuisine, it is producing more top class chefs who appear frequently on our television screens and whose recipe books frequently top the best seller lists.
It’s thanks to these TV chefs rather than any advertising campaign that Britons are turning away from meat-and-two-veg and ready-made meals and becoming more adventurous in their cooking habits. It is recently reported that the number of those sticking to a traditional diet is slowly declining and around half of Britain’s consumers would like to change or improve their cooking in some way. There has been a rise in the number of students applying for food courses at UK universities and colleges. It seems that TV programmes have helped change what people think about cooking.
According to a new study from market analysts, 1 in 5 Britons say that watching cookery programmes on TV has encouraged them to try different food. Almost one third say they now use a wider variety of ingredients (配料) than they used to, and just under 1 in 4 say they now buy better quality ingredients than before. One in four adults say that TV chefs have made them much more confident about expanding their cookery knowledge and skills, and young people are also getting more interested in cooking. The UK’s obsession (痴迷) with food is reflected through television scheduling. Cookery shows and documentaries about food are broadcast more often than before. With an increasing number of male chefs on TV, it’s no longer “uncool” for boys to like cooking.
28. What do people usually think of British food?
A. It is simple and plain. B. It is rich in nutrition.
C. It lacks authentic tastes. D. It deserves a high reputation.
29. Which best describes cookery programmes on British TV?
A. Authoritative. B. Creative.
C. Profitable. D. Influential.
30. Which is the percentage of the people using more diverse ingredients now?
A. 20%. B. 24%.
C. 25%. D. 33%.
31. What might the author continue talking about?
A. The art of cooking in other countries.
B. Male chefs on TV programmes.
C. Table manners in the UK.
D. Studies of big eaters.
D If you want to tell the history of the whole world, a history that does not privilege one part of humanity, you cannot do it through texts alone, because only some of the world has ever had texts, while most of the world, for most of the time, has not. Writing is one of humanity’s later achievements, and until fairly recently even many literate (有文字的) societies recorded their concerns not only in writing but in things.
Ideally a history would bring together texts and objects, and some chapters of this book are able to do just that, but in many cases we simply can’t. The clearest example of this between literate and non-literate history is perhaps the first conflict, at Botany Bay between Captain Cook’s voyage and the Australian Aboriginals. From the English side, we have scientific reports and the captain’s record of that terrible day. From the Australian side, we have only a wooden shield (盾) dropped by a man in flight after his first experience of gunshot. If we want to reconstruct what was actually going on that day, the shield must be questioned and interpreted as deeply and strictly as the written reports.
In addition to the problem of miscomprehension from both sides, there are victories accidentally or deliberately twisted, especially when only the victors know how to write. Those who are on the losing side often have only their things to tell their stories. The Caribbean Taino, the Australian Aboriginals, the African people of Benin and the Incas, all of whom appear in this book, can speak to us now of their past achievements most powerfully through the objects they made: a history told through things gives them back a voice. When we consider contact (联系) between literate and non-literate societies such as these, all our first-hand accounts are necessarily twisted, only one half of a dialogue. If we are to find the other half of that conversation, we have to read not just the texts, but the objects.
32. What is the first paragraph mainly about?
A. How past events should be presented.
B. What humanity is concerned about.
C. Whether facts speak louder than words.
D. Why written language is reliable.
33. What does the author indicate by mentioning Captain Cook in paragraph 2?
A. His report was scientific. B. He represented the local people.
C. He ruled over Botany Bay. D. His record was one-sided.
34. What does the underlined word “conversation” in paragraph 3 refer to?
A. Problem. B. History. C. Voice. D. Society.
35. Which of the following books is the text most likely selected from?
A. How Maps Tell Stories of the World B. A Short History of Australia
C. A History of the World in 100 Objects D. How Art Works Tell Stories
第二节 （共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Indoor plants might look as if they just sit around not doing much, but in many ways they are the unsung heroes of the home. 36 , but studies have shown that they can promote people’s wellbeing by improving their mood (心情), reducing stress and helping their memory. What’s more, indoor plants are easy to look after and are not very expensive.
What are indoor plants?
Indoor plants, also known as houseplants or pot plants, are plants that like to grow indoors. Many of these species (物种) are not ideally suited to growing outside in the UK, especially in the winter. 37 .
Why are indoor plants good for you?
Will Spoelstra, who works at the Royal Botanic Gardens, says, “ 38 . I find during the winter months, plants around the house can really lift your mood.” Several studies have backed this up and found that indoor plants can improve creativity, focus and memory. There is also research showing that pot plants can clean the air around them by removing harmful gases, such as carbon dioxide. They also remove some harmful chemicals from paints or cooking. 39 .
Which plants can you grow?
Aloe vera, peace lilies and spider plants are some of the species that are easy to grow indoors. You can buy plants from supermarkets, garden centres or online. Younger plants are often cheaper than fully grown ones, and you get to care for them as they mature — which is part of the joy of owning plants. “ 40 ,” Spoelstra says. “It can bring a new interest and focus into people’s lives and help to make the link between home and nature.”
A. All plants are different
B. Not only do they look beautiful
C. There are many benefits to growing plants indoors
D. Instead, they grow better inside, where it is warmer
E. Plants like peace lilies and devil’s ivy are among the best
F. Changing the pot of your plant from time to time will also help
G. Learning about the requirements of each plant can be very rewarding
第三部分 语言知识运用（共两节，满分45分）
第一节 （共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
To become the Olympic champion in the individual (个人) all-around event, Gabby Douglas had to leave everything she 41 best. She had to 42 her bedroom in Virginia. She had to say 43 to her two dogs and to the beach, where she loved to 44 waves on her board. But it was 45 to take the leap (飞跃), however 46 it would be. Even at 14, Douglas knew that. So she 47 about 1,200 miles away from home, to 48 with a coach from China. She lived with a family she had never 49 and everything was new to her.
As it turned out, Douglas did 50 what she needed to do to become Olympic champion when she 51 two Russians. The Chinese coach 52 Douglas into one of the best gymnasts in the 53 , helping her skyrocket from an 54 member of the national team to the top of the sport. By 55 the Olympic all-around title, she became the first black woman to do so. She 56 the competition from beginning to end. She said she had felt 57 all along that she would win.
Not so long ago, Martha Karolyi, the coordinator (联络人) of the women’s national team, did not think Douglas had what it 58 to be an Olympian. As time went by, she thought 59 that she could make the London Games — and win.
“I’m going to inspire so many people,” she said. “I’m ready to 60 .” And shine she did.
41. A. tried B. thought C. judged D. knew
42. A. take up B. pack up C. clean up D. do up
43. A. goodbye B. hello C. thanks D. no
44. A. cause B. observe C. ride D. strike
45. A. common B. time C. fun D. tough
46. A. breathtaking B. heartbreaking C. eye-catching D. head-spinning
47. A. dropped out B. moved on C. pulled over D. went off
48. A. reason B. talk C. compete D. train
49. A. met B. helped C. understood D. needed
50. A. approximately B. gradually C. exactly D. possibly
51. A. defeated B. pleased C. respected D. assisted
52. A. forced B. transformed C. persuaded D. put
53. A. world B. city C. team D. state
54. A. amateur B. elected C. average D. enthusiastic
55. A. clarifying B. defending C. winning D. demanding
56. A. followed B. organized C. watched D. led
57. A. confident B. nervous C. excited D. uneasy
58. A. viewed B. appeared C. mattered D. took
59. A. now and then B. more and more C. far and wide D. on and on
60. A. shine B. fly C. dance D. score
第二节 （共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Beijing is a city bridging the ancient and the modern. From Buddhist temples to museums, narrow hutong 61 royal palaces, it is home to more than 3,000 years of glorious history even down to its layout, with the city keeping its carefully 62 (build) system of ring roads.
But for all its ancient buildings, Beijing is also a place 63 welcomes the fast-paced development of modern life, with 21st-century architectural 64 (wonder) standing side by side with historical buildings of the past.
It is a distinct visual contrast (反差) that shouldn’t work, 65 somehow these two very different worlds make a good combination. 66 (visit) several times over the last 10 years, I 67 (amaze) by the co-existence of old and new, and how a city was able to keep such a rich heritage (遗产) while constantly growing. As a photographer, I have spent the last two years 68 (record) everything I discovered.
The 69 (remark) development of this city, which is consciously designed to protect the past while stepping into the modern world, 70 (mean) there is always something new to discover here, and I could be photographing Beijing for the next 50 years.
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分35分）
第一节 短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。
修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2. 只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
Last Friday my mom decided to color his hair. She studied with all the hair products at the drugstore. The color she choose came in a box which had a picture of a woman that hair color looked just perfect. Mom was sure same color would look great on her. She put the new color on
her hair or sat still for 30 minutes, just as the directions saying. However, instead of the brownish red hair she had hoped for, she final got purple hair. She went right into the shower to washing it, but it was no use. At least one thing proved truth: the color wouldn’t wash out.
第二节 书面表达（满分25分）
学校英报组织同学们分享自己在假期中学到的新技能，请你以此为主题写一篇短文投稿。内容包括：
1. 简要描述；
2. 体验和感受。
注意：
1. 词数100左右；
2. 题目已为你写好。
Learn a new skill ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
参考答案及解析 第一部分 听力
1-5 BACCB 6-10 CBCBC 11-15 ACBBA 16-20 CACCA
第二部分 阅读理解
第一节
A 本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四位从事医学实践的女性的生平和经历。
21. C 细节理解题。根据Jacqueline Felice de Almania部分第二句“... she moved to Paris where she worked as a physician and performed surgery”以及James Barry部分第二句“She qualified as a surgeon in 1813, ...”可知，Jacqueline和James的共同点是都进行过手术。故选C。
22. A 细节理解题。根据Tan Yunxian部分最后一句“... Tan wrote a book, Sayings of a Female Doctor, describing her life as a physician”以及其他部分内容可知，谈允贤与其他从业人员的不同之处在于她写了一本书。故选A。
23 D 细节理解题。根据Rebecca Lee Crumpler部分中的“Four years later, she was the first African American woman to receive a medical degree.”可知，Rebecca Lee Crumpler是第一位获得医学学位的非裔美国女性。故选D。
B 本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了一名专业的风景摄影师的生活和拍照经历。
24. B 细节理解题。根据第一段内容可知，“挑战”源于地貌多样性的缺失。再根据第二段中的“I tend to travel with a few of my friends to state parks or to the countryside to go on adventures ...”可知，作者应对这个挑战的方法就是和朋友们去州立公园或乡村拍摄。故选B。
25. A 推理判断题。根据第三段第一句“Being at the right place at the right time is decisive in any style of photography.”以及最后一段的拍摄经历可推知，作者认为合理管理时间是风景摄影成功的关键。故选A。
26. C 推理判断题。根据最后一段内容尤其是倒数第三句“However, we did not mark the route (路线) so we ended up almost missing the sunset entirely.”可知，作者和朋友们在去德维尔湖的旅行中，由于没有标记路线，他们差点完全错过了日落。由此可推知，他们到达拍摄地点比预期的晚。故选C。
27. B 推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句“Still, looking back on the photos, they are some of my best shots ...”可推知，作者对在德维尔湖拍摄的照片还是很满意的。故选B。
C 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了电视烹饪节目对英国人烹饪习惯和观念的影响。
28. A 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“What comes into your mind when you think of British food? ... But is British food really so uninteresting?”可知，说起英国食物，人们往往想到炸鱼和薯条，或者是一荤两素的周日晚餐，但英国食物真的如此无趣吗？由此可推知，人们通常认为英国食物简单而平淡。故选A。
29. D 推理判断题。根据第二段内容尤其是最后一句“It seems that TV programmes have helped change what people think about cooking.”可知，电视节目似乎已经改变了人们对烹饪的看法。再根据最后一段提到的研究发现可知，电视烹饪节目改变了一部分英国人的饮食习惯、烹饪习惯以及对烹饪的态度。由此可推知，英国电视烹饪节目对英国的饮食和烹饪习惯有很大影响力。故选D。
30. D 细节理解题。根据最后一段第二句“Almost one third say they now use a wider variety of ingredients (配料) than they used to”可知，几乎三分之一的人表示他们现在使用的食材种类比过去更多。故选D。
31. B 推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句“With an increasing number of male chefs on TV, it’s no longer ‘uncool’ for boys to like cooking.”可知，随着电视上的男性厨师越来越多，这使得男孩喜欢烹饪不再被认为是“不酷的”事了。由此可推知，接下来作者可能会继续讨论电视节目中的男性厨师。故选B。
D 本文是一篇议论文。文章主要论述了要客观公平地讲述历史，我们不仅仅需要文字资料，也需要实物史料加以佐证。
32. A 段落大意题。根据第一段内容可知，该段主要阐述了客观公平地讲述历史仅仅通过文字资料是不可行的，因为世界上大多数地区在很长一段时间内都没有文字，文字是后来才出现的，而且即使有文字的地区也会用实物来记录重要的事情。因此，除文字外，我们还需要实物史料来讲述历史。故选A。
33. D 推理判断题。第二段引用库克船长和澳大利亚原住民之间的第一次冲突作为有文字记录和无文字记录的历史的例子。英国一方有库克船长对那个糟糕的日子的记录；而澳大利亚方面只有一个木盾。由此可推知，仅用文字记录的历史可能是片面的。故选D。
34. B 词义猜测题。根据画线词上文可知，有些胜利是偶然或故意被歪曲了的，尤其是当只有获胜一方有文字记载能力的时候，而失败一方只能通过实物讲述他们的故事。在这种情况下，文字记载只是其中一方对历史的讲述。这犹如一场双方的对话，现在我们只能看到其中一方所讲述的内容。再结合画线词所在句可知，如果我们想找到另一半对话的内容，就需要找到相关的实物，所以作者用conversation指代“历史”。故选B。
35. C 文章出处题。通读全文，尤其根据第一段最后一句“Writing is one of humanity’s later achievements ... recorded their concerns not only in writing but in things.”、第二段第一句“Ideally a history would bring together texts and objects, and some chapters of this book are able to do just that”及最后一段最后一句“If we are to find the other half of that conversation, we have to read not just the texts, but the objects.”可知，本文强调了实物对于解读历史的重要性。由此推知，文章有可能选自《100件物品中的世界史》。故选C。
第二节
本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了什么是室内植物、为什么室内植物对你有益以及你能种哪些室内植物。
36. B 根据空后“而且研究表明，它们可以通过改善情绪、减轻压力和帮助增强记忆力来促进人们的健康”可知，空处与下文是递进关系，构成not only ... but ...“不仅……而且……”结构。B项“它们不仅看起来漂亮”符合语境。故选B。
37. D 根据空前的“Many of these species (物种) are not ideally suited to growing outside in the UK, especially in the winter.”可知，有些植物不适合在户外寒冷的环境中生长。D项“相反，他们在温暖的室内生长得更好”承接上文，符合语境。故选D。
38. C 根据本段小标题“Why are indoor plants good for you?”可知，本段解释了室内植物对你有益处的原因。再根据空后“I find during the winter months, plants around the house can really lift your mood.”可知，作者发现在冬天的几个月里，房子周围的植物真的能改善你的情绪。结合选项可知，C项“在室内种植植物有很多好处”与段落标题内容一致，且与下文衔接紧密。故选C。
39. E 根据空前的“There is also research showing that pot plants can clean the air ... remove some harmful chemicals from paints or cooking.”可知，盆栽植物能够去除有害物质。E项“像和平百合和魔鬼常春藤之类的植物是最好的”列举了此类盆栽植物中最好的两个例子，承接上文，符合语境。故选E。
40. G 根据空后的“It can bring a new interest and focus into people’s lives and help to make the link between home and nature.”可知，“它”可以为人们的生活带来新的兴趣和焦点，并有助于建立家庭与自然之间的联系。“It”指代空处所在的句子。因此，G项“了解每种植物的需求是非常有益的”承上启下，符合语境。故选G。
第三部分 语言知识运用
第一节
本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了伦敦奥运会女子体操个人全能项目冠军的美国女孩Gabby Douglas背井离乡，在中国教练的训练下，经过辛勤的付出，从一名普通的体操运动员成长为奥运冠军的故事。
41. D 考查动词辨析。根据空前的“To become the Olympic champion in the individual (个人) all-around event, Gabby Douglas had to leave everything”以及下文的“1,200 miles away from home”及“everything was new to her”可知，为了在全能个人项目中成为奥运冠军，Gabby Douglas不得不离开她最熟悉的一切。故选D。
42. B 考查动词短语辨析。根据空前的“Gabby Douglas had to leave everything she _____ best”及空后的“her bedroom in Virginia”和“1,200 miles away from home”可知，Gabby Douglas需要离家前往远在千里之外的城市，所以她不得不打包行李，收拾东西。pack up意为“整理，收拾行李”。故选B。
43. A 考查名词辨析。根据前文的“Gabby Douglas had to leave everything she _____ best”可知，Gabby Douglas不得不和她的两只狗和海滩告别。故选A。
44. C 考查动词辨析。根据空前的“She had to say _____ to her two dogs and to the beach”以及空后的“waves on her board”可知，她喜欢在海滩冲浪。ride (the) waves意为“冲浪”。故选C。
45. B 考查名词辨析。根据空后的“to take the leap (飞跃), however _____ it would be”以及“Even at 14, Douglas knew that.”可知，Gabby Douglas在14岁就知道是时候迈出这一步来实现人生的飞跃了。It’s time to do sth.是固定搭配，意为“是时候做某事了”，符合语境。故选B。
46. B 考查形容词辨析。根据空前的“Gabby Douglas had to leave everything she _____ best”以及空处“however _____ it would be”可知，Gabby Douglas要离开自己所熟悉的一切，这无疑是令人伤心的。故选B。
47. D 考查动词短语辨析。根据空前的“To become the Olympic champion in the individual (个人) all-around event, Gabby Douglas had to leave everything”以及空后的“about 1,200 miles away from home, to _____ with a coach from China”可知，为了成为奥运冠军，Gabby Douglas不得不离家千里。go off意为“离开（尤指去做某事）”。故选D。
48. D 考查动词辨析。根据下文中的“with a coach from China”以及“The Chinese coach ... member of the national team to the top of the sport.”可推知，她跟着一位中国教练进行训练。故选D。
49. A 考查动词辨析。根据空前的“she _____ about 1,200 miles away from home”以及空后的“and everything was new to her”可知，她住在一个她从未见过的家庭，一切对她来说都是新的。故选A。
50. C 考查副词辨析。根据空后的“what she needed to do to become Olympic champion”以及下文中的“The Chinese coach ... she became the first black woman to do so.”可知，她后来取得了非凡的成绩，这证明她背井离乡刻苦训练正是成为奥运冠军所需要做的事。exactly“恰好，正好”。故选C。
51. A 考查动词辨析。根据空前的“Douglas did _____ what she needed to do to become Olympic champion”以及空后的“The Chinese coach ... she became the first black woman to do so.”可知，她击败了两个俄罗斯人。defeat“击败；战胜”。故选A。
52. B 考查动词辨析。根据下文中的“helping her skyrocket from an _____ member of the national team to the top of the sport”可知，中国教练彻底改变了Gabby Douglas。transform“使改变”。故选B。
53. A 考查名词辨析。根据空前的“Douglas did _____ what she needed to do to become Olympic champion”以及空后的“member of the national team to the top of the sport”可知，Gabby Douglas最终成为世界上最优秀的体操运动员之一。故选A。
54. C 考查形容词辨析。根据空前的“helping her skyrocket from an”以及空后的“member of the national team to the top of the sport”可知，她成功地从国家队里一名普通的队员变成世界顶级体操运动员。average意为“正常的；普通的”，符合语境。故选C。
55. C 考查动词辨析。根据下文中的“she became the first black woman to do so”可知，她赢得奥运会全能冠军。故选C。
56. D 考查动词辨析。根据空后的“the competition from beginning to end. She said she had felt _____ all along that she would win”可知，她自始至终领先于竞争对手。lead意为“（比赛中）领先”。故选D。
57. A 考查形容词辨析。根据空前的“She _____ the competition from beginning to end”以及空后的“all along that she would win”可知，她一直有信心会赢得比赛。故选A。
58. D 考查动词辨析。根据上文中的“The Chinese coach ... member of the national team to the top of the sport.”可知，Douglas以前只是国家队里的一名普通队员。再根据下文中的“As time went by, she thought _____ that she could make the London Games — and win.”可知，随着时间的推移，女子国家队联络人（Martha Karolyi）认为Douglas有机会参加伦敦奥运会并获胜。由此推知，此处表示“就在不久前，女子国家队联络人Martha Karolyi还认为Douglas不具备成为奥运选手所具备的条件”。have what it takes意为“（非正式）有所需的素质”。故选D。
59. B 考查固定短语辨析。根据上文中的“Not so long ago, Martha Karolyi, the coordinator (联络人) of the women’s national team, did not think Douglas had what it _____ to be an Olympian.”以及空后的“that she could make the London Games — and win”可知，女子国家队联络人（Martha Karolyi）一开始不看好Gabby Douglas，但随着时间的推移越来越看好她了。more and more意为“越来越”，符合语境。故选B。
60. A 考查动词辨析。根据空前的“I’m ready to”以及空后的“And shine she did.”可知，她说：“我准备好发光了。”而她确实做到了。shine意为“发光”，符合语境。故选A。
第二节
本文是一篇说明文。文章描绘了作者作为一名摄影师，通过拍照来记录北京这座古老与现代融合的城市。文章通过作者的视角，说明了这座城市如何在保护过去的同时，迎接现代世界的发展，古老的佛教寺庙、博物馆和皇宫与21世纪的建筑奇观并存，形成了独特的视觉反差。
61. to 考查介词。空处所在部分与其前面的“From Buddhist temples to museums”结构并列，均由from ... to ...连接（narrow前省略了from）。故填to。
62. built 考查非谓语动词。空处位于副词carefully后以及名词system前，且system和build为逻辑上的动宾关系，应用build的过去分词形式作定语，修饰system。故填built。
63. that/which 考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，该处引导定语从句并在从句中作主语，先行词为a place，应用指代物的关系代词that/which。故填that/which。
64. wonders 考查名词的复数。本句中的wonder前有形容词architectural修饰，作名词，意为“奇观”，是可数名词，应用复数形式。故填wonders。
65. yet/but 考查连词。空处前的“a distinct visual contrast (反差) that shouldn’t work”与空处后的“these two very different worlds make a good combination”构成转折关系，此处应用转折连词。故填yet/but。
66. Having visited 考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，该处应填非谓语。逻辑主语I和visit是主动关系，再根据时间状语“several times over the last 10 years”及句意可知，该处动作是先于主句发生的动作，应用非谓语中having done的形式。故填Having visited。
67. was amazed 考查动词的时态和语态。根据空后的介词by可知，主语I与动词amaze之间为被动关系，再根据该句中的“was able to”可知，此处应用一般过去时的被动语态。故填was amazed。
68. recording 考查非谓语动词。“spend+时间/金钱+(in)+doing sth”为固定搭配，意为“花费时间/金钱做某事”。故填recording。
69. remarkable 考查词性转换。该空前有定冠词the，空后有名词development，应用remark的形容词形式remarkable（显著的；非凡的）作定语，修饰development。故填remarkable。
70. means 考查动词的时态。分析句子结构可知，该句缺少谓语动词，主语为“development”，是第三人称单数，且整句陈述的是现在的情况，谓语动词应用一般现在时的第三人称单数形式。故填means。
第四部分 写作
第一节 短文改错
本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者的妈妈自己染发的故事。
第一处（第一句）：his→her 考查代词。句意：上周五，我妈妈决定染头发。结合句意及下文语境可知，此处指“我妈妈染她的头发”。故将his改为her。
第二处（第二句）：去掉with 考查动词。句意：她研究了药店里所有的染发产品。study是及物动词，后面直接接宾语，介词with多余。故删除with。
第三处（第三句）：choose→chose 考查动词的时态。句意：她选的颜色装在一个盒子里，盒子里有一张女人的照片，那个女人的头发颜色看起来非常完美。根据上下文时态可知，文章讲述的是发生在过去的事情，choose应用一般过去式。故将choose改为chose。
第四处（第三句）：that→whose 考查定语从句。句意同上。分析句子结构可知，此处是限制性定语从句，先行词是woman，关系词在从句中作hair的定语，应用关系代词whose引导。故将that改为whose。
第五处（第四句）：在same前加the 考查冠词。句意：妈妈确信同样的颜色在她身上会很好看。same前常加定冠词the，表示“同样的，相同的”。故在same前加the。
第六处（第五句）：or→and 考查连词。句意：她把头发染成新的颜色，然后静静地坐了30分钟，就像说明书上说的那样。分析句子结构并结合句意可知，此处是顺承关系，而不是选择关系。故将or改为and。
第七处（第五句）：saying→said 考查谓语动词。句意同上。分析句子结构可知，as引导方式状语从句，此处应用谓语动词，且句子陈述过去发生的事情，动词应用一般过去式。故将saying改为said。
第八处（第六句）：final→finally 考查词性转换。句意：然而，她最终得到的不是她所希望的棕红色头发，而是紫色的头发。分析句子结构可知，此处修饰动词应用副词。故将final改为finally。
第九处（第七句）：washing→wash 考查非谓语动词。句意：她直接走进淋浴间去洗头发，但是没有用。分析句子结构并结合句意可知，此处为不定式作目的状语，应用to do结构。故将washing改为wash。
第十处（第八句）：truth→true 考查词性转换。句意：至少有一件事被证明是正确的：这种颜色洗不掉。这里考查prove作系动词的用法，意为“证明是；被发现是”，后可接名词、形容词和动词不定式，用来说明主语的身份、性质、特征或状态等。prove true表示“（某事）证明是真实的、正确的”。故将truth改为true。
第二节 书面表达
Learn a new skill The new skill I acquired was skating. The process is challenging but productive.
Initially, on watching the Winter Olympics Games in Beijing, I became enthusiastic about skating. From then on, I was determined to master this fascinating sport. However, at the very beginning, when I stepped on the ice, I stumbled over myself. Hard as I strive, I still fell over again and again. The moment I thought of the athletes on the field, I was inspired by their powerful spirits. Eventually, my persistence and painstaking efforts paid off. I can skate freely all by myself.
From the learning experience, I fully understand that only by diligent practicing can we overcome many kinds of difficulties. And eventually, we can have a good command of what we desire to learn.
听力原文 Text 1
W: Could you please tell me how I can get to the student dorm building?
M: Sure. Turn left when you walk out of this register office. Pass the bookstore and you’ll see it.
Text 2
M: We couldn’t ask for a better day, could we, Barbara?
W: I know, Steve. There isn’t a cloud in the sky. I love this time of year.
M: Me too. The flowers are beautiful. A calling for rain though.
Text 3
M: We got any plans this weekend?
W: We might start with our vegetable garden, then the barbecue.
M: Sounds fun, but I still want to go fishing with George.
Text 4
M: Lisa, I saw Jack this morning.
W: You mean the former designer of our company? What’s he doing these days?
M: He said he’s got a new job as an art reporter.
Text 5
W: Do you often go to the Student Union, Andrew?
M: Pretty much. Once in a while I meet friends there, and I spend a lot of time organizing activities in different clubs or associations.
Text 6
W: What do you think, Terry?
M: Well, it has one more bedroom than the last flat, and the sitting room is big.
W: But there is not enough cupboard space in the kitchen.
M: It’s cheaper than the last one we saw. And it is in a good neighborhood.
W: Well, maybe we’ll have to see if the agent has anything else to show us.
Text 7
M: Thank you, Mrs. Johnson, for what you’ve shared with our listeners. Now, please tell us, do you sometimes feel worried about your daughter, now that she’s grown up?
W: Oh, I worry about her like all parents do. After she graduated from medical school, she went to volunteer medical service in Africa.
M: Wow!
W: That’s OK if communication was fine. But if there was no Internet or telephone connection, we could sometimes go two weeks without getting in touch with each other. That often worries me.
Text 8
W: Now, sell yourself in a minute, please.
M: I graduated from university two years ago, and have since been working in an accounting company. Apart from the knowledge, skills related to my major, I’m really good with computers. I have a large amount of experience working with big data. I think I’m well qualified for the accountant position here.
W: Good! Why did you choose this company?
M: Peterson has been my dream company all along. You value progress and focus on the quality of work more than the quantity. The flexible working hours and working from home is also attractive.
W: Ah huh. What do you think is your biggest weakness?
M: Well, when I work, I often concentrate so much on what I’m doing that I may have a hard time dealing with things that come up unexpectedly. That may be annoying to some people.
W: All right. Thank you very much.
Text 9
W: So Robert, I guess you must be well into your third decade as a writer. How was life treating you?
M: Fourth decade as a writer. Hmm ... let me get my calculator out. Well, I guess I’ve been writing novels since the 1980s. So you’re right. But I have been writing all my life. And to answer your question, life has been treating me excellently.
W: Can I ask you about your childhood? Were you a bookish child?
M: In a strange way, I was a non-reader until I turned nine. I used to play basketball in the school yards of Brooklyn. My father was a high school teacher of physics and chemistry. And he was a big reader. He would bring books back from his high school library. One day, I read the last chapter of a book, the title of which I’ve long since forgotten. I liked it so much that I started reading the remainder. Interestingly, I read the chapters backwards until I got to the beginning. I really loved the experience. And I soon became an eager reader. Then my father would bring piles of books home from the library. And I would read them all, and they were all fiction. I must add that I started reading the books from the start as opposed to working backwards.
Text 10
M: Hello, I’m Maxim Vengerov, and I’m very happy to share with you my connection with open Tchaikovsky competition. It was June 1986 when I came to Moscow to participate in open Tchaikovsky competition at the age of 10 from Chelyabinsk. This was actually the turning point of my life. Then I attended a world music festival in Berlin. And it was interesting to say that a kid made his breakthrough already at the age of 10. And that was me. Now as a judge of the competition, I can see clearly the huge challenges facing the musicians in the competition. Where else can you see young players playing within ten days classical works and Russian traditional music before coming to the final stage? As a musician, it’s important to give maximum attention and time to your own reflections of your own feelings. So, what I’m really looking for in the competition is to meet someone who can touch me musically. I want to see the seed, at least the seed of the great tree that can grow. I would go for this violinist. I would go for this musician.
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