绝密★启用前
【高考快递】2023年高考真题新课标I卷 英语全文翻译+试题解析 注意事项：
1. 答卷前，考生先将自己的姓名、准考证号码填写清楚，将条形码准确粘贴在考生信息条形码粘贴区。
2. 选择题必须使用2B铅笔填涂；非选择题必须使用0.5毫米黑色字迹的签字笔书写，字体工整、笔迹清楚。
3. 请按照题号顺序在答题卡各题目的答题区域内作答，超出答题区域书写的答案无效；在草稿纸、试卷上答题无效。
4. 作图可先试用铅笔画出，确定后必须用黑色字迹的签字笔描黑。
5. 保持卡面清洁，不要折叠，不要弄破、弄皱，不准使用涂改液、修正带、刮纸刀。
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节 （共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话，每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
例：How much is the shirt?
A. £19.15. B. £9.18. C. £9.15.
答案是C。
【总体分析】
本套听力的两位主播发音标准、吐字清晰、语速适中。与往年不同的是，男主播发音为英音，而女主播发音为美音。录音稿词汇量约860个左右，平均语速为135词/分钟。本套题有10个细节理解题、6个推理判断题、2个理解意图题、1个主旨大意题和1个观点态度题。其中，以细节理解题为主，理解意图题有所增加。疑问词以what为主，具体是：12个what，3个why，2个where，1个when，1个how，1个who。本套试卷听力材料主要围绕人与自我和人与社会两大主题选材，语言地道、情景真实体现高考对德育、劳育和体育的引导。一是在德育方面：Text 2是讲在火车站帮陌生人看包；Text 3是去探望出院的友人；Text 4提倡当别人犯错时，少责备、多谅解；Text 6反映说话者认真工作的态度。二是在劳育方面；Text 8中女士周末去祖父的农场摘菜，引导学生在实践中培养劳动意识和劳动习惯。三是体育方面，Text 9选取一段努力适应新篮球队高强度训练的大学新生的采访，鼓励学生参加运动，热爱运动并发扬运动精神。另外，Text 7说话者为了及时赶回家而临时改变回家路线，鼓励学生多思考，提高解决问题的能力；通过Text 8中淘旧书和Text 10推荐好杂志，引导学生形成热爱阅读的好习惯
原文 | 译文 | 1. What will Jack probably do this weekend?
A. Go camping.
B. Visit a friend.
C. Watch a film.
2. What does the woman ask the man to do?
A. Take care of her bags.
B. Pack the food for her.
C. Check the train schedule.
3. When will the man see Bob?
A. This Friday.
B. This Saturday.
C. Next Monday.
4. Why does the man apologize?
A. For the terrible food.
B. For the overcharge.
C. For the waiter’s rudeness.
5. What are the speakers talking about?
A. Writing a book.
B. Holding a celebration.
C. Buying a present.
| 1. 杰克这个周末可能会做什么？
A. 去露营。
B. 拜访朋友。
C. 看电影。
2. 那个女人要求那个男人做什么？
A. 看管好她的包。
B. 给她打包食物。
C. 核实列车时刻表。
3. 那个男士将什么时候能见到鲍勃？
A. 本周五。
B. 本周六。
C. 下周一。
4. 这个男人为什么要道歉？
A. 因为劣质的食物。
B. 因多收钱。
C. 因为服务员的粗鲁。
5. 演讲者在说什么？
A. 写一本书。
B. 举行庆祝活动。
C. 购买礼物。
| 【答案】
| 材料原文 | 材料翻译 | Text 1 （话题：周末活动安排）
W: Jack, are you going camping with your friends this weekend?
M: It depends. If it’s sunny, we’ll go.
W: The weatherman says it’s going to rain.
M: In that case, we’ll go to the cinema instead.
Text 2 （话题：看行李）
W: Excuse me, could you mind my bags for a moment? I want to buy some food at the convenience store.
M: No problem. But be quick. It was announced that my train will arrive in 10 minutes.
Text 3 （话题：打算看病人）
W: Bob came out of hospital last Friday. Have you got a chance to visit him?
M: I plan to see him this Saturday.
W: Aren’t you going to the conference then?
M: No. It has been rescheduled for next Monday.
Text 4 （话题：结错账道歉）
M: Sorry, Miss. We made a terrible mistake adding up the bill. Here is the ten dollars we have to return to you.
W: Oh, I didn’t notice that. It’s OK. Don’t blame the waiter. He’s been really nice.
Text 5 （话题：准备新年礼物）
W: Do you think we should get Steve a book for the New Year?
M: Books are good. But Steve wouldn’t take just any book. He has to have this particular one on geography.
| 文本1
W: 杰克，这个周末你要和朋友们去露营吗？
M: 看情况而定。如果天气晴朗，我们就去。
W: 天气预报员说天要下雨了。
M: 那样的话，我们就去看电影了。
文本2
W: 打扰了，帮我看一下行李，可以吗？我想在便利店买些食物。
M: 没问题。但要快。我的火车将在10分钟后到达。
文本3
W: 鲍勃上周五从医院出来了。你有机会去看他吗？
M: 我打算这个星期六去看他。
W: 那你不去参加会议吗？
M: 不，会议已经改期在下周一。
文本4
M：对不起，小姐。我们在算账时，犯了一个严重的错误。这是我们要还给你的10美元。
W：哦，我没注意到。没关系。不要怪那个服务员。他真的很好。
文本5
W: 我们给史蒂夫买一本书作为新年礼物，你看好吗？
M：书作为礼物很好。但史蒂夫不会接受任何一本书。他有特别的喜欢地理。
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第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段对话，回答第6和第7两个小题。
原文 | 译文 | 6. Why does Sara make the phone call?
A. To ask for advice.
B. To arrange an outing.
C. To cancel an appointment.
7. What does David want to do?
A. Go to a dinner party.
B. Talk to Sara in person.
C. Work on the new case.
| 6. 为什么萨拉要打电话？
A. 征求建议。
B. 安排一次郊游。
C. 取消约会。
7. 大卫想做什么？
A. 去参加一个晚宴聚会。
B. 亲自和萨拉谈谈。
C. 处理新案子。
| 【答案】
| 材料原文 | 材料翻译 | Text 6 （话题：取消约会）
M: Hello, Sarah.
W: Hello, David. I can’t come for dinner tonight 6. Sorry.
M: Oh, what happened?
W: We’ve got a new case and things get pretty crazy here in the office.
M: Well, then I’ll come to you.
W: No, no, not tonight. Let me see if I can arrange another night.
M: Sarah, please. We need to talk 7. It’s about my job.
W: Then tell me on the phone.
M: No, it’s better if we do it in person 7. How about tomorrow night?
W: I’m not sure. You can give me a call tomorrow afternoon.
M: OK.
| 文本 6
M：你好，莎拉。
W：你好，大卫。对不起。我今晚不能来吃饭了。
M：哦，发生了什么事？
W：我们有了一个新情况，办公室里的事情变得很疯狂。
M：好吧，那我就去找你吧。
W：不，不，今晚不行。让我看看能不能安排另外一个晚上。
M：萨拉，求你了。我们需要谈谈。这是关于我的工作。
W：那就在电话里告诉我吧。
M：不，我们见面谈会比较好。明天晚上怎么样？
W：我不确定。明天下午你可以给我打电话。
M：好的。
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听下面一段对话，回答第8和第9两个小题。
原文 | 译文 | 8. Where is Jim now?
A. In a taxi.
B. On a bus.
C. In his office.
9. What is the woman’s suggestion?
A. Going to the city center.
B. Taking a short cut home.
C. Meeting Jim in the park.
| 8. 吉姆现在在哪里？
A. 在出租车里。
B. 在公共汽车上。
C. 在他的办公室。
9. 这个女人的建议是什么？
A. 去市中心。
B. 走一条捷径回家。
C. 在公园里见吉姆。
| 【答案】
| 材料原文 | 材料翻译 | Text 7 （话题：着急回家迎接朋友来访）
W: Jim will call on us this afternoon. Do you know where he is now?
M: Er ... wait. Let me see. He has sent two messages saying that he’s done with his work at the office and got a taxi and ... and he’ll arrive in twenty minutes. 8
W: We can’t keep him waiting outside our home. We have to hurry.
M: But it takes at least half an hour to get out of the city center by bus. Look at the traffic.
W: Let’s get off. We can save at least twenty minutes by walking through the park. 9
M: Are you sure?
W: Yes. A hundred percent.
| 文本7
W: 吉姆今天下午会来拜访我们。你知道他现在在哪儿了吗？
M：呃...等等。让我想想。他发了两条信息，说他已经完成了办公室的工作，上了辆出租车……他20分钟后就能到达。
W: 我们不能让他在我们外面等。我们得快点。
M：但是乘公交车离开市中心至少需要半个小时。看看交通状况。
W：我们走吧。我们穿过公园至少可以节省20分钟。
M：你确定吗？
W：对。百分之百。
|
听下面一段对话，回答第10至第13四个小题。
原文 | 译文 | 10. What did Clara do at the weekend?
A. She planted vegetables.
B. She went to a yard sale.
C. She visited her grandpa.
11. What did Mark find inside one of the books he bought?
A. A plane ticket.
B. A family photo.
C. A post card.
12. Where does Mark live?
A. Los Angeles.
B. Chicago.
C. Philadelphia.
13. What is the relationship between Mark and Ashley?
A. Brother and sister.
B. Husband and wife.
C. Father and daughter.
| 10. 克拉拉在周末做了什么？
A. 她种了蔬菜。
B. 她去参加了一个庭院拍卖。
C. 她去看了她的爷爷。
11. 马克在他买的书里找到了什么？
A. 一张机票。
B. 一个家庭照片。
C. 一张明信片。
12. 马克住在哪里？
A. 洛杉矶
B. 芝加哥
C. 费城
13. 马克和阿什利之间的关系是什么？
A. 兄弟姐妹。
B. 丈夫和妻子。
C. 父亲和女儿。
| 【答案】
| 材料原文 | 材料翻译 | Text 8 （话题：周末活动）
W: Morning, Mark.
M: Morning, Clara. How was your weekend?
W: Great. I went to my grandpa’s. He invited us to pick vegetables on his farm. My daughter had a great time there. What about you?
M: Oh, I had a truly incredible experience. I dropped by a yard sale on Saturday and got several books.
W: Novels?
M: A novel and two poetry collections. As I leafed through the novel, a piece of paper fell out. It was an air ticket from 2012. The flight was from Los Angeles to Chicago and the name on the ticket was Ashley Louis.
W: Was it?
M: Yes. Ashley, my sister. In 2012, she lived in Los Angeles and her husband worked in Chicago. Both of them often flew between the two cities. I asked the seller where he got the book. He said it was bought at a second-hand bookstore in Los Angeles three years ago. Last year, he and his family moved from Los Angeles to Philadelphia.
W: So, all the way cross the country, your sister’s old book landed in your hands. That’s really crazy.
| 文本 8
W：早上好，马克。
M：早上好，克拉拉。你的周末怎么样？
W：很好。我去了我爷爷的家。他邀请我们到他的农场去摘蔬菜。我女儿在那里玩得很开心。你呢？
M：哦，我真的有了一次不可思议的经历。周六我去了一个庭院拍卖，买了几本书。
W：小说？
M：一部小说和两本诗集。当我翻看小说时，一张纸掉了出来。这是从2012年的一张机票。这架航班从洛杉矶飞往芝加哥，机票上的名字是阿什利·路易斯。
W：是吗？
M：是的。阿什利，我妹妹。2012年，她住在洛杉矶，她的丈夫在芝加哥工作。他们俩都经常在这两个城市之间飞行。我问卖家，他的这本书是从哪里买来的。他说，这本是三年前在洛杉矶的一家二手书店买的。去年，他和家人从洛杉矶搬到了费城。
W：所以，穿过全国，你姐姐的旧书落在你手里。这真的很（疯狂）不可思议了。
|
听下面一段对话，回答第14至第17四个小题。
原文 | 译文 | 14. What is probably the woman?
A. A teacher.
B. A journalist.
C. An athlete.
15. What does Victor find difficult as a member of the basketball team?
A. Adapting himself to the intense training.
B. Dealing with the pressure from the coach.
C. Regaining the skills learned in high school.
16. What does Victor say about the players on the team?
A. They are of the same age.
B. They are similar in character.
C. They are from different countries.
17. How does Victor feel about his team now?
A. It’s about to break up.
B. It’s the best in Indiana.
C. It’s getting stronger.
| 14. 那个女人可能是做什么工作？
A. 一位老师。
B. 一位记者。
C. 一位运动员。
15. 作为篮球队的一员，维克托觉得有什么困难呢？
A. 能够适应高强度的训练。
B. 应对来自教练的压力。
C. 恢复在高中学到的技能。
16. 维克托对球队里的球员说了些什么？
A. 他们的年龄相仿。
B. 他们的性格是相似的。
C. 他们来自不同的国家。
17. 维克托现在觉得他的球队怎么样？
A. 它马上就要解散了。
B. 在印第安纳州是最好的。
C. 它将会越来越强。
| 【答案】
| 材料原文 | 材料翻译 | Text 9 （话题：大学生活）
W: Victor, you’ve been here in Indiana for six weeks now. How are you feeling?
M: I think I’ve got used to college life, going to classes, working out and hanging out with my friends. Though there’s pressure to meet deadlines, life here is never boring.
W: What’s been hard about being an Indiana basketball player?
M: Well, the training is very competitive, weightlifting and running every day. It’s not like high school. In high school, I really didn’t have to do that. I’m just trying to get used to it. And I think I am.
W: At this point, how do you see yourself fitting into this group?
M: I think we’re all different. George is from Britain. Chris and Leo are from Australia. I’m from France. And the rest are Americans. But I get along with everybody. You know, we are really starting to bond. It’s great to see how we grow each day as a team.
W: Thanks, Victor. I wish you a very happy and fruitful stay in Indiana.
| 文本9
W：维克托，你在印第安纳州已经有六个星期了。你感觉怎么样？
M：我想我已经习惯了大学生活，去上课，锻炼，和朋友们出去玩。虽然在截止日期前还很有压力，但这里的生活从来都不无聊。
W：作为一名印第安纳州的篮球运动员有什么困难呢？
M：这个训练很有竞争力，每天都有举重和跑步。这不像高中。在高中的时候，我真的不用这么做。我只是想适应它。我想我是这样的。
W：在这一点上，你认为自己如何适合这个群体？
M：我觉得我们都不一样了。乔治来自英国。克里斯和里奥来自澳大利亚。我来自法国。其余的都是美国人。但我和大家都很好。你知道，我们真的开始建立密切的关系了。很高兴看到我们作为一个团队每天都在成长。
W：谢谢，维克托。我祝你在印第安纳州 过得非常快乐，而且富有成果。
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听下面一段独白，回答第18至第20三个小题。
原文 | 译文 | 18. Who is Tom Hodgkinson?
A. Founder of a magazine.
B. Publisher of a novel.
C. Editor of a newspaper.
19. What do we know about the content of The Idler?
A. It’s old-fashioned.
B. It’s wide-ranging.
C. It’s student-targeted.
20. Why does the speaker give the talk?
A. To do a promotion.
B. To discuss an issue.
C. To introduce a lecturer.
| 18. 汤姆是霍奇金森？
A. 一家杂志的创始人。
B. 一本小说的出版者。
C. 一家报纸的编辑。
19. 我们对《流浪者》的内容了解多少？
A. 这是老式的。
B. 这是广泛的。
C. 这是学生的目标。
20. 演讲者为什么要做演讲？
A. 做一个晋升。
B. 要讨论一个问题。
C. 介绍一个讲师。
| 【答案】
| 材料原文 | 材料翻译 | Text 10 （话题：推荐杂志）
W: Good evening, dear listeners. When was the last time you enjoyed leisure activities? Do you want to live a full and happy life? Today, I’m going to introduce to you a magazine that features the art of living. The Idler was launched by Tom Hodgkinson, back in 1993. With the intention of providing a bit of fun, freedom and achievement in a busy world, it is now published bimonthly. In every issue, you will find an interesting mix of interviews and essays on the good life, history, philosophy, arts and fashion photography. You will find much to laugh at and much useful stuff as well, from recipes for making bacon to guides to housekeeping. If you ever felt that there is more to life than boring jobs, then why not subscribe to it? The Idler is a cheering read that makes you feel better about life. You can download the application and subscribe today to get your first issue free.
| 文本10
晚上好，亲爱的听众们。你最后一次享受休闲活动是什么时候？你想过上一种充实而幸福的生活吗？今天，我要向你们介绍一本以生活艺术为特色的杂志。这个懒惰者是由汤姆·霍奇金森在1993年推出的。为了在一个忙碌的世界里提供一点乐趣、自由和成就，它现在双月出版。在每一期杂志中，你都会发现一些关于美好生活、历史、哲学、艺术和时尚摄影的有趣的采访和文章。你会发现很多值得嘲笑的东西，还有很多有用的东西，从培根制作食谱到家政指南。如果你曾经觉得生活中存在的不仅仅是无聊的工作，那么为什么不订阅它呢？《懒惰者》是一本令人振奋的读物，能让你对生活感觉更好。你可以在今天下载这个应用程序并订阅，从而免费获得你的第一期杂志。
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第一节 （共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A 原文 | 译文 | Bike Rental & Guided Tours Welcome to Amsterdam, welcome to MacBike. You see much more from the seat of a bike! Cycling is the most economical, sustainable and fun way to explore the city, with its beautiful canals, parks, squares and countless lights. You can also bike along lovely landscapes outside of Amsterdam.
Why MacBike
MacBike has been around for almost 30 years and is the biggest bicycle rental company in Amsterdam. With over 2,500 bikes stored in our five rental shops at strategic locations, we make sure there is always a bike available for you. We offer the newest bicycles in a wide variety, including basic bikes with foot brake (刹车), bikes with hand brake and gears (排挡), bikes with child seats, and children’s bikes.
Prices
| Hand Brake, Three Gears | Foot Brake, No Gears | 1 hour | €7.50 | €5.00 | 3 hour | €11.00 | €7.50 | 1 fly (24 hours) | €14.75 | €9.75 | Each additional day | €8.00 | €6.00 |
Guided City Tours
The 2.5-hour tour covers the Gooyer Windmill, the Skinny Bridge, the Rijksmuseum, Heineken Brewery and much more. The tour departs from Dam Square every hour on the hour, starting at 1:00 pm every day. You can buy your ticket in a MacBike shop or book online.
| 自行车租赁和有导游的旅行 欢迎来到阿姆斯特丹，欢迎来到MacBike。你可以从自行车的座位上看到更多！骑自行车是最经济、最可持续和最有趣的方式来探索这个城市，它拥有美丽的运河、公园、广场和无数的灯光。你也可以骑车在阿姆斯特丹郊外可爱的风景上骑车。
理由
MacBike已经存在了近30年，是阿姆斯特丹最大的自行车租赁公司。我们在战略位置的五家租赁店里存放了2500多辆自行车，我们确保总有一辆自行车可供您使用。我们提供各种各样的最新的自行车，包括基本的自行车与脚刹车（刹车），自行车与手刹车和齿轮（排挡），自行车与儿童座椅，和儿童自行车。
价格
| 手制动器，三个齿轮 | 脚制动器，无齿轮 | 1小时 | €7. 50 | €5. 00 | 3小时 | €11. 00 | €7. 50 | 1飞(24小时） | €14. 75 | €9. 75 | 每增加一天 | €8. 00 | €6. 00 |
城市旅游
2. 5小时的参观活动包括古耶风车、瘦桥、日本国立博物馆、喜力啤酒厂等等。旅游团每小时从大坝广场出发，每天下午1点开始。你可以在MacBike商店购买机票或在网上预订。
| 21. What is an advantage of MacBike?
A. It gives children a discount.
B. It offers many types of bikes.
C. It organizes free cycle tours.
D. It has over 2,500 rental shops.
22. How much do you pay for renting a bike with hand brake and three gears for two days?
A. €15.75.
B. €19.50.
C. €22.75.
D. €29.50.
23. Where does the guided city tour start?
A. The Gooyer, Windmill.
B. The Skinny Bridge.
C. Heineken Brewery.
D. Dam Square.
| 21. MacBike的优势是什么？
A. 它给孩子们一个折扣。
B. 它提供了很多种类型的自行车。
C. 它组织免费的自行车旅行。
D. 它有2500多家出租店。
22. 租一辆手刹车和三个齿轮的自行车两天要花多少钱？
A. €15. 75.
B. €19. 50.
C. €22. 75.
D. €29. 50.
23. 有导游的城市之旅从哪里开始？
A. 谷歌，风车。
B. 瘦长的桥。
C. 喜力啤酒厂。
D. 大坝广场。
| 【语篇导读】
本文是一篇应用文。人与社会。文章主要介绍了在阿姆斯特丹提供自行车租赁服务的公司MacBike和带导游的环城之旅的相关信息。
【解析】
21. B 细节理解题。根据Why MacBike部分第三句“We offer the newest bicycles in a wide variety ...”可知，MacBike的优势是它提供许多类型的自行车。故选B。
22. C 细节理解题。根据价格表可知，租一辆带手刹和三档的自行车一天需要14.75欧元，每增加一天多8欧元。所以租一辆带手刹和三档的自行车两天需要22.75欧元（14.75+8=22.75）。故选C。
23 D 细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“The tour departs from Dam Square every hour on the hour, starting at 1:00 pm every day.”可知，带导游的环城之旅从大坝广场开始。故选D。
|
B 原文 | 译文 | When John Todd was a child, he loved to explore the woods around his house, observing how nature solved problems. A dirty stream, for example, often became clear after flowing through plants and along rocks where tiny creatures lived. When he got older, John started to wonder if this process could be used to clean up the messes people were making.
After studying agriculture, medicine, and fisheries in college, John went back to observing nature and asking questions. Why can certain plants trap harmful bacteria (细菌)? Which kinds of fish can eat cancer-causing chemicals? With the right combination of animals and plants, he figured, maybe he could clean up waste the way nature did. He decided to build what he would later call an eco-machine.
The task John set for himself was to remove harmful substances from some sludge (污泥). First, he constructed a series of clear fiberglass tanks connected to each other. Then he went around to local ponds and streams and brought back some plants and animals. He placed them in the tanks and waited. Little by little, these different kinds of life got used to one another and formed their own ecosystem. After a few weeks, John added the sludge.
He was amazed at the results. The plants and animals in the eco-machine took the sludge as food and began to eat it! Within weeks, it had all been digested, and all that was left was pure water.
Over the years, John has taken on many big jobs. He developed a greenhouse-like facility that treated sewage (污水) from 1,600 homes in South Burlington. He also designed an eco-machine to clean canal water in Fuzhou, a city in southeast China.
“Ecological design” is the name John gives to what he does. “Life on Earth is kind of a box of spare parts for the inventor,” he says. “You put organisms in new relationships and observe what’s happening. Then you let these new systems develop their own ways to self-repair.”
| 当约翰·托德还是个孩子的时候，他喜欢探索他的房子周围的树林，观察大自然是如何解决问题的。例如，一条肮脏的溪流在流过植物和沿着微小生物居住的岩石后，往往会变得清澈。当他长大后，约翰开始怀疑这个过程是否可以用来清理人们正在制造的混乱。
在大学里学习了农业、医学和渔业之后，约翰回到观察自然并提出问题。为什么某些植物会捕获有害细菌（细菌）？哪些鱼可以吃致癌的化学物质？他认为，有了动物和植物的正确结合，也许他可以像自然一样清理垃圾。他决定建造一种后来被他称为生态机器的机器。
约翰为自己设定的任务是清除一些污泥中的有害物质（污泥）。首先，他建造了一系列相互连接的透明玻璃纤维储罐。然后，他又去了当地的池塘和小溪，带回了一些动植物。他把它们放在坦克里，等待着。渐渐地，这些不同种类的生活相互适应，形成了自己的生态系统。几周后，约翰又加了一些污泥。
他对这个结果感到惊讶。生态机器里的植物和动物把污泥作为食物，并开始吃它！几个星期之内，它都被消化掉了，只剩下纯水了。
多年来，约翰做了许多大的工作。他开发了一个类似温室的设施，可以处理南伯灵顿1600个家庭的污水（污水）。他还在中国东南部的一个城市福州设计了一种清洁运河水的生态机器。
“生态设计”是约翰对他所做的事情的称呼。“地球上的生命对发明者来说就像一盒备件，”他说。“你把生物体建立新的关系，观察正在发生的事情。然后你让这些新系统开发出自己的自我修复方式。”
| 24. What can we learn about John from the first two paragraphs?
A. He was fond of traveling.
B. He enjoyed being alone.
C. He had an inquiring mind.
D. He longed to be a doctor.
25. Why did John put the sludge into the tanks?
A. To feed the animals.
B. To build an ecosystem.
C. To protect the plants.
D. To test the eco-machine.
26. What is the author’s purpose in mentioning Fuzhou?
A. To review John’s research plans.
B. To show an application of John’s idea.
C. To compare John’s different jobs.
D. To erase doubts about John’s invention.
27. What is the basis for John’s work?
A. Nature can repair itself.
B. Organisms need water to survive.
C. Life on Earth is diverse.
D. Most tiny creatures live in groups.
| 24. 我们能从前两段了解到什么？
A. 他喜欢旅行。
B. 他喜欢独自一人。
C. 他心里很好奇。
D. 他渴望成为一名医生。
25. 约翰为什么要把污泥放进水箱里？
A. 喂动物。
B. 建立一个生态系统。
C. 保护植物。
D. 测试生态机器。
26. 作者提到福州的目的是什么？
A. 来回顾一下约翰的研究计划。
B. 来展示约翰的想法的应用。
C. 比较约翰不同的工作。
D. 来消除人们对约翰的发明的怀疑。
27. 约翰工作的基础是什么？
A. 大自然可以自我修复。
B. 生物体需要水才能生存。
C. 地球上的生命是多样化的。
D. 大多数微小的生物都成群地生活着。
| 【语篇导读】
本文是一篇记叙文。人与自然。文章讲述了John Todd从小就勇于探索，好奇心强，他很关注大自然处理问题的方式。大学毕业后，他成功设计出一个生态机器来处理污泥。之后他利用自然界生态系统可以自我修复的原理来净化污水，他将之称为“生态设计”。
【解析】
24. C 推理判断题。根据第一段第一句中的“When John Todd was a child, he loved to explore the woods around his house ...”. 第三句中的“John started to wonder if this process could be used to clean up the messes people were making”，以及第二段第一句中的“John went back to observing nature and asking questions ...”可推知，约翰好奇心很强。故选C。
25. D 推理判断题。根据第二段最后两句“... maybe he could clean up waste the way nature did. He decided to build what he would later call an eco-machine.”以及第三段第一句“The task John set for himself was to remove harmful substances from some sludge (污泥).”可推知，约翰把污泥放进去是为了测试生态机器处理污泥的效果。故选D。
26. B 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段最后一句“He also designed an eco-machine to clean canal water in Fuzhou, a city in southeast China.”可知，John在福州设计了一个生态机器来清理运河水。由此可推知，作者提到福州的目的是展示John的理念的应用情况。故选B。
27. A 细节理解题。根据最后一段最后两句“You put organisms in new relationships and observe what’s happening. Then you let these new systems develop their own ways to self-repair.”可知，约翰的研究依据是自然界生态系统，他认为生态系统具有自我修复的能力。故选A。
|
C 原文 | 译文 | The goal of this book is to make the case for digital minimalism, including a detailed exploration of what it asks and why it works, and then to teach you how to adopt this philosophy if you decide it’s right for you.
To do so, I divided the book into two parts. In part one, I describe the philosophical foundations of digital minimalism, starting with an examination of the forces that are making so many people’s digital lives increasingly intolerable, before moving on to a detailed discussion of the digital minimalism philosophy.
Part one concludes by introducing my suggested method for adopting this philosophy: the digital declutter. This process requires you to step away from optional online activities for thirty days. At the end of the thirty days, you will then add back a small number of carefully chosen online activities that you believe will provide massive benefits to the things you value.
In the final chapter of part one, I’ll guide you through carrying out your own digital declutter. In doing so, I’ll draw on an experiment I ran in 2018 in which over 1,600 people agreed to perform a digital declutter. You’ll hear these participants’ stories and learn what strategies worked well for them, and what traps they encountered that you should avoid.
The second part of this book takes a closer look at some ideas that will help you cultivate (培养) a sustainable digital minimalism lifestyle. In these chapters, I examine issues such as the importance of solitude (独处) and the necessity of cultivating high-quality leisure to replace the time most now spend on mindless device use. Each chapter concludes with a collection of practices, which are designed to help you act on the big ideas of the chapter. You can view these practices as a toolbox meant to aid your efforts to build a minimalist lifestyle that works for your particular circumstances.
| 这本书的目标是证明数字极简主义，包括详细探索它的要求和为什么它的工作，然后教你如何采用这种哲学，如果你决定它适合你。
为此，我把这本书分成了两部分。在第一部分中，我描述了数字极简主义的哲学基础，首先考察了使如此多的人的数字生活越来越难以忍受的力量，然后继续详细讨论数字极简主义哲学。
第一部分最后介绍了我建议的采用这一哲学的方法：数字分解器。这个过程要求你在30天内远离可选的在线活动。在30天结束后，你会添加一些精心挑选的在线活动，你认为这些活动会为你看重的东西带来巨大的好处。
在第一部分的最后一章中，我将指导您完成您自己的数字整理。通过这样做，我将利用我在2018年进行的一个实验，其中有1600多人同意进行数字分解。你将会听到这些参与者的故事，并了解到哪些策略对他们很有效，以及他们遇到了哪些你应该避免的陷阱。
这本书的第二部分将仔细看看一些想法，将帮助你培养（培养）一个可持续的数字极简主义生活方式。在这些章节中，我将讨论诸如孤独的重要性（独处）和培养高质量的休闲来取代现在大多数花在智能设备使用上的时间的必要性。每一章都以一系列的实践结束，旨在帮助你理解本章的大想法。你可以把这些实践看作是一个工具箱，旨在帮助你努力建立一个适合你的特定情况的极简主义的生活方式。
| 28. What is the book aimed at?
A. Teaching critical thinking skills.
B. Advocating a simple digital lifestyle.
C. Solving philosophical problems.
D. Promoting the use of a digital device.
29. What does the underlined word “declutter” in paragraph 3 mean?
A. Clear-up.
B. Add-on.
C. Check-in.
D. Take-over.
30. What is presented in the final chapter of part one?
A. Theoretical models.
B. Statistical methods.
C. Practical examples.
D. Historical analyses.
31. What does the author suggest readers do with the practices offered in part two?
A. Use them as needed.
B. Recommend them to friends.
C. Evaluate their effects.
D. Identify the ideas behind them.
| 28. 这本书的目的是什么？
A. 教授批判性思维技巧。
B. 提倡一种简单的数字生活方式。
C. 解决哲学问题。
D. 促进数字设备的使用。
29. 第3段中带下划线的单词“解说明符”是什么意思？
A. 清理。
B. 附加组件。
C. 签入。
D. 接管。
30. 在第一部分的最后一章中介绍了什么？
A. 理论模型。
B. 统计方法。
C. 实际的例子。
D. 历史分析。
31. 作者建议读者如何处理第二部分中提供的实践？
A. 根据需要使用它们。
B. 把它们推荐给朋友们。
C. 评估他们的影响。
D. 确定他们背后的想法。
| 【语篇导读】
本文是一本书的序言。人与社会。文章主要介绍了该书的写作目的和框架结构，告诉读者数字时代极简主义生活方式的优点，以及如何做到极简生活。
【解析】
28. B 推理判断题。根据第一段中的“to make the case for digital minimalism”及“to teach you how to adopt this philosophy”可知，这本书解释什么是数字极简主义，并教你如何采用这种理念。由此可推知，这本书的目的是倡导简约数字生活方式。故选B。
29. A 词义猜测题。根据画线词下文“This process requires you to step away from optional online activities for thirty days. At the end of the thirty days, you will then add back a small number of carefully chosen online activities that you believe will provide massive benefits to the things you value.”可知，“digital declutter”这个过程要求你在30天内远离自己喜欢的线上活动。30天后，你再加回一些你精心挑选的、对你重视的东西有巨大好处的线上活动。这一过程是对线上活动的清理。由此可推知，画线词“declutter”的意思是“清理”，“clear-up”与之意思一致。故选A。
30. C 细节理解题。根据题干中的“the final chapter of part one”定位至倒数第二段，由该段最后一句“You’ll hear these participants’ stories and learn what strategies worked well for them, and what traps they encountered that you should avoid.”可知，作者讲述了一些实验参与者的事例供读者参考。故选C。
31. A 推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句“You can view these practices as a toolbox meant to aid your efforts to build a minimalist lifestyle that works for your particular circumstances.”可推知，作者建议读者对第二部分中提及的做法，根据实际需要去使用。故选A。
|
D 原文 | 译文 | On March 7, 1907, the English statistician Francis Galton published a paper which illustrated what has come to be known as the “wisdom of crowds” effect. The experiment of estimation he conducted showed that in some cases, the average of a large number of independent estimates could be quite accurate.
This effect capitalizes on the fact that when people make errors, those errors aren’t always the same. Some people will tend to overestimate, and some to underestimate. When enough of these errors are averaged together, they cancel each other out, resulting in a more accurate estimate. If people are similar and tend to make the same errors, then their errors won’t cancel each other out. In more technical terms, the wisdom of crowds requires that people’s estimates be independent. If, for whatever reasons, people’s errors become correlated or dependent, the accuracy of the estimate will go down.
But a new study led by Joaquin Navajas offered an interesting twist (转折) on this classic phenomenon. The key finding of the study was that when crowds were further divided into smaller groups that were allowed to have a discussion, the averages from these groups were more accurate than those from an equal number of independent individuals. For instance, the average obtained from the estimates of four discussion groups of five was significantly more accurate than the average obtained from 20 independent individuals.
In a follow-up study with 100 university students, the researchers tried to get a better sense of what the group members actually did in their discussion. Did they tend to go with those most confident about their estimates? Did they follow those least willing to change their minds? This happened some of the time, but it wasn’t the dominant response. Most frequently, the groups reported that they “shared arguments and reasoned together.” Somehow, these arguments and reasoning resulted in a global reduction in error.
Although the studies led by Navajas have limitations and many questions remain, the potential implications for group discussion and decision-making are enormous.
| 1907年3月7日，英国统计学家弗朗西斯·高尔顿发表了一篇论文，阐述了后来被称为“人群的智慧”的效应。他所进行的估计实验表明，在某些情况下，大量独立估计的平均值可能是相当准确的。
这种效应利用了这样一个事实：当人们犯错误时，这些错误并不总是相同的。有些人会被高估，而有些人会被低估。当这些误差中有足够多的误差一起平均时，它们会相互抵消，从而得到更准确的估计。如果人们是相似的，并且倾向于犯同样的错误，那么他们的错误就不会相互抵消。用更专业的术语来说，人群的智慧要求人们的估计必须是独立的。如果，无论出于何种原因，人们的错误变得相关或依赖，估计的准确性就会下降。
但由华金·纳瓦哈斯领导的一项新研究为这一经典现象提供了一个有趣的转折（转折）。这项研究的关键发现是，当人群被进一步划分为更小的群体，并被允许进行讨论时，这些群体的平均值比来自相同数量的独立个体的平均值更准确。例如，从四个五人讨论组的估计中获得的平均值明显比从20个独立个体中获得的平均值更准确。
在一项针对100名大学生的后续研究中，研究人员试图更好地了解小组成员在讨论中实际做了什么。他们是否倾向于选择那些对自己的估计最有信心的人？他们是否会追随那些最不愿意改变主意的人？这种情况有时会发生，但这并不是主要的反应。最常见的情况是，这些组织报告说，他们“共同争论，一起推理”。不知何故，这些论点和推理导致了错误的全球减少。
尽管由纳瓦哈斯人领导的研究有局限性，而且仍存在许多问题，但其对小组讨论和决策的潜在影响是巨大的。
| 32. What is paragraph 2 of the text mainly about?
A. The methods of estimation.
B. The underlying logic of the effect.
C. The causes of people’s errors.
D. The design of Galton’s experiment.
33. Navajas’ study found that the average accuracy could increase even if ________.
A. the crowds were relatively small
B. there were occasional underestimates
C. individuals did not communicate
D. estimates were not fully independent
34. What did the follow-up study focus on?
A. The size of the groups.
B. The dominant members.
C. The discussion process.
D. The individual estimates.
35. What is the author’s attitude toward Navajas’ studies?
A. Unclear.
B. Dismissive.
C. Doubtful.
D. Approving.
| 32. 文本的第2段主要内容是什么？
A. 估计方法。
B. 其影响的潜在逻辑。
C. 造成人们的错误的原因。
D. 高尔顿实验的设计。
33. 纳瓦哈斯的研究发现，即使是________，平均准确率也可以提高。
A. 人群相对较少
B. 偶尔也会被低估
C. 个人没有沟通
D. 估计数并不是完全独立的
34. 后续研究的重点是什么？
A. 各组的规模。
B. 占主导地位的成员。
C. 讨论过程。
D. 个人估计。
35. 作者对纳瓦哈斯人的研究有何态度？
A. 不清楚。
B. 不屑一顾。
C. 怀疑。
D. 赞成。
| 【语篇导读】
本文是一篇说明文。人与社会。文章主要介绍了有关“群体智慧”效应的基本原理以及Joaquin Navajas在此基础上的进一步研究——允许互相讨论的小组比同等数量的独立个体有更准确的预测。
【解析】
32. B 段落大意题。根据第二段第一句“This effect capitalizes on the fact that ...”及第三句“When enough of these errors are averaged together, they cancel each other out, resulting in a more accurate estimate.”可知，该段解释了“群体智慧”效应的基本逻辑，即独立估算的平均值如何由于误差的消除而得出较准确的预测。故选B。
33. D 细节理解题。根据第二段内容可知，“群体智慧”效应注重的是独立，再由题干中的“Navajas’ study”可定位至第三段，题干中的“the average accuracy could increase”与该段第二句中的“the averages from these groups were more accurate”为同义替换。再根据“when crowds were further divided into smaller groups that were allowed to have a discussion, the averages from these groups were more accurate than those from an equal number of independent individuals.”可知，当把群体进一步分成允许讨论的小组时，他们比独立的个体能得出更为准确的预测。也就是说，即使预测不是完全独立的，平均值的准确度也能提高。故选D。
34. C 推理判断题。根据题干中的“the follow-up study”可定位至倒数第二段，再由“the researchers tried to get a better sense of what the group members actually did in their discussion.”及后面一连串的提问可推知，后续研究的重点是小组内的讨论过程。故选C。
35. D 观点态度题。根据最后一段内容尤其是“the potential implications for group discussion and decision-making are enormous”可知，虽然Navajas的研究仍然有局限性和很多问题，但对于小组讨论和决策的潜在影响是巨大的。由此可推知，作者对于Navajas研究的态度是赞许的。故选D。
|
第二节 （共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
原文 | 译文 | Personal Forgiveness Taking responsibility for mistakes is a positive step, but don’t beat yourself up about them. To err (犯错) is human. 36 You can use the following writing exercise to help you do this.
In a journal or on a piece of paper, put the heading “Personal strengths.” 37 Are you caring? Creative? Generous? A good listener? Fun to be around? They don’t have to be world-changing, just aspects of your personality that you’re proud of.
At the top of a second page, put the heading “Acts of kindness.” On this one, list all the positive things you’ve done for others. It might be the time when you helped a friend with their homework, when you did the ironing without being asked, or when you baked cookies after the family had had a tiring day. 38 .
You could ask a friend or family member to help add to your list. 39 That way, you could exchange thoughts on what makes each of you special and the aspects of your personality that shine through. In fact, don’t wait until you’ve made a mistake to try this — it’s a great way to boost self-confidence at any time.
It’s something of a cliché (陈词滥调) that most people learn not from their successes but their mistakes. The thing is, it’s true. 40 We’ re all changing and learning all the time and mistakes are a positive way to develop and grow.
| 个人宽恕 为错误负责是积极的一步，但不要为错误而自责。人都会犯错。 36 你可以使用下面的写作练习来帮助你做到这一点。
在日记或纸上，以“个人优势”为标题。 37 你关心吗？有创造力的慷慨的吗？一个好的听众吗？在身边玩得开心吗？它们不需要改变世界，只是你个性的骄傲方面。
在第二页的顶部，放上标题“善举”。在这个上面，列出你为别人做过的所有积极的事情。可能是你帮朋友做作业，你不被要求熨衣服，或者你在家人累了一天之后烤饼干。38
你可以请朋友或家人帮助添加到你的列表中。 39 这样，你就可以就什么让你们每个人特别，以及你个性的各个方面交换想法。事实上，不要等到你犯了一个错误后再尝试这个——这在任何时候都是提高自信的好方法。
这是一种陈词滥调，大多数人不是从他们的成功中学习，而是从他们的错误中学习。问题是，这是真的。 40 我们都在不断地改变，不断地学习，错误是发展和成长的积极方式。
| A. A little self-forgiveness also goes a long way.
B. Now list all the characteristics you like about yourself.
C. They might even like to have a go at doing the exercise.
D. It’s just as important to show yourself some forgiveness.
E. It doesn’t mean you have to ignore what’s happened or forget it.
F. Whatever it is, no matter how small it might seem, write it down.
G. Whatever the mistake, remember it isn’t a fixed aspect of your personality.
| A. 一点自我宽恕也大有帮助。
B. 现在列出你喜欢的关于你自己的所有特征。
C. 他们甚至可能想尝试一下做这个练习。
D. 表现出对自己的宽恕也同样重要。
E. 这并不意味着你必须忽略所发生的事情或忘记它。
F. 不管它是什么，不管它看起来有多小，都要写下来。
G. 不管有什么错误，请记住，这并不是你性格中的一个固定方面。
| 【语篇导读】
本文是一篇说明文。人与自我。文章鼓励人们练习自我宽恕，并提供了一个简单的写作练习来增强自信。通过列出个人的优点和自己的善行，人们可以学会原谅自己的错误，并从中成长。
【解析】
36. D 空前讲：人都会犯错，勇于承担责任固然重要，但是也不要因此过于自责。结合空后“You can use the following writing exercise to help you do this.”中的“do this”以及下文内容可推断，空处的内容应该和“不要太自责”相近。D项“宽恕自己也同样重要”与“不要太自责”语意相近，起承上启下的作用。故选D。
37. B 根据空前的“Personal strengths.”可知，该段内容与个人优势有关，而空后举例说明了几项优点。B项“现在列出所有你喜欢的自己身上的特点”符合上下文内容，且B项中的“you like about yourself”与该段最后的“you’re proud of”呼应。故选B。
38. F 根据该段第一句中的“Acts of kindness.”可知，该段与所做的好事有关。空前讲了你帮忙去做生活中的小事的一些例子。结合选项可知，F项“不管是什么，不管它看起来有多小，都要把它写下来”与上文内容一致，是对上文内容的归纳。故选F。
39. C 根据空后的“That way, you could exchange thoughts on what makes each of you special and the aspects of your personality that shine through.”可知，空处提到了某种方式，这种方式会使你和朋友们一起交换意见等。C项“他们甚至可能想试一试做这个练习”符合语境，C项中的“They”与空前的“a friend or family member”呼应。故选C。
40. G 根据空前的“It’s something of a cliché (陈词滥调) that most people learn not from their successes but their mistakes. The thing is, it’s true.”可知，作者认为人是从错误中学习。G项“不管你犯了什么错误，记住这不是你性格中固定的一面”符合语境，G项中的“it isn’t a fixed aspect of your personality”与空后的“We’ re all changing and learning all the time and mistakes are a positive way to develop and grow.”内容一致，指的都是犯错并不是性格中固有的一面，我们是从错误中成长起来的。故选G。
|
第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节 （共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
原文 | 译文 | On Oct. 11, hundreds of runners competed in a cross-country race in Minnesota. Melanie Bailey should have 41 the course earlier than she did. Her 42 came because she was carrying a 43 across the finish line.
As reported by a local newspaper, Bailey was more than two-thirds of the way through her 44 when a runner in front of her began crying in pain. She 45 to help her fellow runner, Danielle Lenoue. Bailey took her arm to see if she could walk forward with 46 . She couldn’t. Bailey then 47 to let Lenoue climb onto her back and carried her all the way to the finish line, then another 300 feet to where Lenoue could get 48 attention.
Once there, Lenoue was 49 and later taken to a hospital, where she learned that she had serious injuries in one of her knees. She would have struggled with extreme 50 to make it to that aid checkpoint without Bailey’s help.
As for Bailey, she is more 51 about why her act is considered a big 52 . “She was just crying. I couldn’t 53 her,” Bailey told the reporter. “I feel like I was just doing the right thing.”
Although the two young women were strangers before the 54 , they’ve since become friends. Neither won the race, but the 55 of human kindness won the day.
| 10月11日，数百名选手参加了明尼苏达州的一场越野比赛。梅勒妮·贝利应该比她更早完成课程。她的延误是因为她背着一名选手冲过了终点线。
据当地一家报纸报道，贝利在赛道三分之二以上的时候，她前面的一名跑步者开始痛苦地哭泣。她停下来帮助她的赛跑者，丹妮尔·莱努。贝利挽着她的胳膊，看看她能不能帮忙向前走。她不能。然后贝利弯下腰让莱努爬上她的背，把她一路背到终点线，然后再走300英尺到莱努可以得到治疗的地方。
一到那里，莱努就接受了医治评估，随后被送往医院，在那里她得知自己的一个膝盖受了重伤。如果没有贝利的帮助，她会极度的痛苦挣扎着到达那个援助检查站。
至于贝利，她更担心的是为什么她的行为被认为是一件大事。“她只是哭。我不能留下她不管，”贝利告诉记者。“我觉得我只是在做正确的事情。”
虽然这两个年轻女子在比赛前都是陌生人，但她们后来成为了朋友。两人都没有赢得比赛，但人本性善良的表现赢得了胜利。
| 41. A. designed B. followed
C. changed D. finished
42. A. delay B. chance
C. trouble D. excuse
43. A. judge B. volunteer
C. classmate D. competitor
44. A. race B. school
C. town D. training
45. A. agreed B. returned
C. stopped D. promised
46. A. courage B. aid
C. patience D. advice
47. A. went away B. stood up
C. stepped aside D. bent down
48. A. medical B. public
C. constant D. equal
49. A. interrupted B. assessed
C. identified D. appreciated
50. A. hunger B. pain
C. cold D. tiredness
51. A. worried B. ashamed
C. confused D. discouraged
52. A. game B. problem
C. lesson D. deal
53. A. leave B. cure
C. bother D. understand
54. A. ride B. test
C. meet D. show
55. A. secret B. display
C. benefit D. exchange
| 41. A. 计划 B. 跟随
C. 改变 D. 完成
42. A. 延误 B. 机会
C. 麻烦 D. 借口
43. A. 裁判 B. 志愿者
C. 同学 D. 竞争对手
44. A. 赛跑 B. 学校
C. 城镇 D. 训练
45. A. 同意 B. 送回
C. 停止 D. 承诺
46. A. 勇气 B. 帮助
C. 容忍 D. 劝告
47. A. 离开 B. 站起来
C. （站在）一边 D. 弯腰
48. A. 医学的 B. 公众的
C. 持续不断的 D. 均等的
49. A. 被遮断的 B. 评估
C. 认出 D. 感激
50. A. 饥饿 B. 痛
C. 冷 D. 疲劳
51. A. 担心的 B. 惭愧的
C. 糊涂的 D. 灰心的
52. A. 游戏，比赛 B. 问题
C. 一课时 D. 交易；事
53. A. 留下 B. 治愈
C. 麻烦 D. 明白
54. A. 骑 B. 试验
C. 遇见，比赛 D. 表明
55. A. 秘密 B. 展示
C. 好处 D. 交换
| 【语篇导读】
本文是一篇记叙文。人与社会。文章主要讲述了在明尼苏达州举行的一次越野赛中，Melanie Bailey背着另一个受伤的参赛者Danielle Lenoue过终点线并接受医疗救助的故事。
【解析】
41. D 考查动词辨析。根据第二段中的“carried her all the way to the finish line”可知，Bailey在比赛中背着另一名受伤的参赛者，所以完成比赛晚了，因此该句表示“Melanie Bailey本应该更早完成比赛”。故选D。
42. A 考查名词辨析。根据空前的“Melanie Bailey should have ... earlier than she did”可知，Melanie Bailey到达终点的时间比预期的晚，即她的比赛受到了耽搁。此处在解释她到得晚的原因。delay意为“延迟；耽搁”。故选A。
43. D 考查名词辨析。根据第二段中的“to help her fellow runner, Danielle Lenoue”及“carried her all the way to the finish line”可知，Melanie Bailey是背着另一名参赛者冲过终点线。故选D。
44. A 考查名词辨析。根据第一段中的“hundreds of runners competed in a cross-country race”可知，Melanie Bailey正在参加越野赛跑比赛，此处是说她已经跑完了超过三分之二的赛程。故选A。
45. C 考查动词辨析。根据上文可知，Melanie Bailey正在比赛，根据空后的“to help her fellow runner”可知，她停下来帮助她的同伴Danielle Lenoue。stop to do sth.意为“停下来去做某事”，符合语境。故选C。
46. B 考查名词辨析。根据空前的“Bailey took her arm”可知，此处表示Bailey扶着她的胳膊，看她是否能在她的帮助下向前走。aid意为“帮助”。故选B。
47. D 考查动词词组辨析。根据空后的“let Lenoue climb onto her back”可知，Bailey弯下腰，让Lenoue爬到她的背上。bend down意为“弯下腰”。故选D。
48. A 考查形容词辨析。根据上文中的“began crying in pain”以及下文中的“Once there, Lenoue was ____ and later taken to a hospital ...”可知，Bailey送Danielle Lenoue去接受治疗。medical attention意为“医疗处理”，符合语境。故选A。
49. B 考查动词辨析。根据空后的“later taken to a hospital”可知，Danielle Lenoue是先接受了检查，再被送往医院，也就是先接受了（身体状况的）评估。assess意为“评估”。故选B。
50. B 考查名词辨析。根据上文中的“began crying in pain”可知，如果没有Bailey的帮助，Lenoue可能会在极度的痛苦中挣扎着到达救助站。故选B。
51. C 考查形容词辨析。根据下文中的“why her act is considered ...”可知，此处Bailey对于后面这件事的原因感到困惑。confused意为“困惑的”。故选C。
52. D 考查名词辨析。根据下文中的“I feel like I was just doing the right thing.”可知，Bailey觉得自己只是做了正确的事情，她并不认为自己的行为有多么了不起。a big deal意为“非常重要的事”，符合语境。故选D。
53. A 考查动词辨析。根据空前的“She was just crying”以及上文提到Bailey一路背着Lenoue走到终点线可知，Bailey看见Lenoue痛苦地哭泣，她觉得自己不能丢下她不管。leave意为“离开，丢下”。故选A。
54. C 考查名词辨析。根据第一段中的“hundreds of runners competed in a cross-country race”及空前的“the two young women were strangers before”可知，这两名年轻女子在比赛之前是陌生人。meet在此处为熟词生义，意为“比赛”，符合语境。故选C。
55. B 考查名词辨析。根据上文可知，Bailey背着另一个受伤的参赛者过终点线，去让她接受医疗救助，这展示了人类的善良。display意为“展示”，符合语境。故选B。
|
第二节 （共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
原文 | 译文 | Xiao long bao (soup dumplings), those amazing constructions of delicate dumpling wrappers, encasing hot, 56 (taste) soup and sweet, fresh meat, are far and away my favorite Chinese street food. The dumplings arrive steaming and dangerously hot. To eat one, you have to decide whether 57 (bite) a small hole in it first, releasing the stream and risking a spill (溢出), 58 to put the whole dumpling in your mouth, letting the hot soup explode on your tongue.
Shanghai may be the 59 (recognize) home of the soup dumplings but food historians will actually point you to the neighboring canal town of Nanxiang as Xiao long bao’s birthplace. There you will find them prepared differently — more dumpling and less soup, and the wrappers are pressed 60 hand rather than rolled.
Nanxiang aside, the best Xiao long bao have a fine skin, allowing them 61 (lift) out of the steamer basket without tearing or spilling any of 62 (they) contents. The meat should be fresh with 63 touch of sweetness and the soup hot, clear and delicious.
No matter where I buy them, one steamer is 64 (rare) enough, yet two seems greedy, so I am always left 65 (want) more next time.
| 小笼包（汤包），那些精致的饺子皮，包裹着热腾腾的 56 （味道）汤汁和甜甜的鲜肉，是我最喜欢的中国街头小吃。饺子热气腾腾，热得很危险。吃小笼包的时候，要么先 57 （咬）一小口，放出热气，汤汁也会随之溢出，58 把整个小笼包放进嘴里，感受热汤汁在舌尖爆浆的感觉。
上海也许是 59 （认可的）小笼包的故乡，但食物历史学家实际上会给你指出，邻近的运河小镇——南翔才是小笼包的诞生地。在那里，你会发现它们的准备方式不同——多包子馅，少汤，小笼包的皮是 60 手压出来的，而不是（用擀面杖）擀出来的。
包括南翔，最好的小笼包外皮很薄，从蒸笼中被 61 （取出）时不会撕裂或洒出任何 62 （他们）馅料儿。肉应该是新鲜的，有 63 点甜，汤应该是热的，清爽又美味。
无论我在哪里买，一笼都 64 （稀有）够，两笼又显得太贪心了，所以我总是吃完之后 65 （想要）下次再多吃一点。
| 【语篇导读】
本文是一篇说明文。人与社会。文章介绍了中国美食——小笼包，讲述了小笼包的美味、发源地，以及制作方法等。
【解析】
56. tasty 考查词性转换。句意：小笼包（汤包），那些精致的饺子皮，包裹着热腾腾的美味汤汁和甜甜的鲜肉，是我最喜欢的中国街头小吃。分析句子结构并结合句意可知，该处与hot并列，修饰后面的名词soup，应用taste的形容词形式tasty，意为“美味的”。故填tasty。
57. to bite 考查非谓语动词。句意：吃小笼包的时候，要么先咬一小口，放出热气，汤汁也会随之溢出，要么把整个小笼包放进嘴里，感受热汤汁在舌尖爆浆的感觉。该处构成“whether to do”结构，表示“要么……”，且与后面to put并列。故填to bite。
58. or 考查连词。句意同上。该处构成“whether ... or ...”结构，表示“要么……要么……”。故填or。
59. recognized 考查非谓语动词。句意：上海也许是公认的小笼包的故乡，但食物历史学家实际上会给你指出，邻近的运河小镇——南翔才是小笼包的诞生地。分析句子结构并结合句意可知，空处作定语，修饰名词home。recognize与被修饰词home是逻辑上的动宾关系，应填过去分词recognized作定语，意为“公认的”。故填recognized。
60. by 考查介词。句意：小笼包的皮是用手压出来的，而不是（用擀面杖）擀出来的。该处考查固定搭配“by hand”，意为“用手的；手工的”。故填by。
61. to be lifted 考查非谓语动词。句意：最好的小笼包外皮很薄，从蒸笼中被取出来时不会撕裂或洒出任何馅料儿。根据搭配“allow sb. to do sth.”意为“允许某人做某事”可知，空处需用动词不定式作宾语补足语，lift与them是逻辑上的动宾关系，应用动词不定式的被动形式。故填to be lifted。
62. their 考查代词。句意同上。分析句子结构可知，该处修饰后面的名词contents，应用形容词性物主代词。故填their。
63. a 考查冠词。句意：肉应该是新鲜的，有点甜，汤应该是热的，清爽又美味。分析句子结构并结合句意可知，该处考查“a touch of sth.”结构，意为“少量某物；一点儿某物”。a touch of sweetness意为“一点点甜；一丝甜”。故填a。
64. rarely 考查词性转换。分析句子结构可知，该处修饰后面的形容词enough，应用rare的副词形式rarely。rarely enough意为“几乎不够”。故填rarely。
65. wanting 考查非谓语动词。句意：无论我在哪里买，一笼都不够，两笼又显得太贪心了，所以我总是吃完之后想下次再多吃一点。分析句子结构可知，这句话中已有谓语动词am left，所以want作非谓语，want与逻辑主语I是主动关系，所以应用want的现在分词形式。故填wanting。
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第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节 （满分15分）
假定你是李华，外教Ryan准备将学生随机分为两人一组，让大家课后练习口语，你认为这样分组存在问题。请你给外教写一封邮件，内容包括：
1. 说明问题；
2. 提出建议。
注意：
1. 写作词数应为80个左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Ryan,
I’m Li Hua from Class 3.
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
|
参考范文（人与自我） | 译文 | Dear Ryan,
I am your student Li Hua. After learning about the way of grouping for the oral English class, I would like to offer some of my suggestions.
I admit that random grouping may lead to more communication as well as interaction, but there can also be some potential problems. First of all, random grouping can result in students with imbalanced speaking competence being paired together. Both the stronger students and the weaker ones will definitely feel upset and worried with some feeling confident while others feeling severely discouraged. Additionally, some students may feel embarrassed chatting with people they are unfamiliar with.
Therefore, will it be possible that you consider some other ways? Such as grouping students according to their English levels? Or can you carry out a questionnaire to ask the students? I can help if needed. Looking forward to your reply.
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
| 亲爱的瑞恩，
我是你的学生李先生。在学习了英语口语课的分组方式后，我想提出一些建议。
我承认，随机分组可能会导致更多的交流和互动，但也可能会有一些潜在的问题。首先，随机分组会导致说话能力不平衡的学生被配对。较强壮的学生和较弱的学生肯定会感到沮丧和担心，而另一些人则感到非常沮丧。此外，一些学生可能会对与他们不熟悉的人聊天感到尴尬。
因此，你有可能考虑一些其他的方法吗？比如根据英语水平对学生进行分组吗？或者你可以通过问卷来询问学生吗？如果需要的话，我可以帮忙。期待你的回复
你的真诚，
李华
|
第二节 （满分25分）
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
原文 | 译文 | When I was in middle school, my social studies teacher asked me to enter a writing contest. I said no without thinking. I did not love writing. My family came from Brazil, so English was only my second language. Writing was so difficult and painful for me that my teacher had allowed me to present my paper on the sinking of the Titanic by acting out a play, where I played all the parts. No one laughed harder than he did.
So, why did he suddenly force me to do something at which I was sure to fail? His reply: “Because I love your stories. If you’re willing to apply yourself, I think you have a good shot at this.” Encouraged by his words, I agreed to give it a try.
I chose Paul Revere’s horse as my subject. Paul Revere was a silversmith (银匠) in Boston who rode a horse at night on April 18, 1775 to Lexington to warn people that British soldiers were coming. My story would come straight from the horse’s mouth. Not a brilliant idea, but funny; and unlikely to be anyone else’s choice.
What did the horse think, as he sped through the night? Did he get tired? Have doubts? Did he want to quit? I sympathized immediately. I got tired. I had doubts. I wanted to quit. But, like Revere’s horse, I kept going. I worked hard. I checked my spelling. I asked my older sister to correct my grammar. I checked out a half-dozen books on Paul Revere from the library. I even read a few of them.
When I handed in the essay to my teacher, he read it, laughed out loud, and said, “Great. Now, write it again.” I wrote it again, and again and again. When I finally finished it, the thought of winning had given way to the enjoyment of writing. If I didn’t win, I wouldn’t care.
A few weeks later, when I almost forgot the contest, there came the news. _______________________________
__________________________________________________
__________________________________________________
__________________________________________________
I went to my teacher’s office after the award presentation.
__________________________________________________
__________________________________________________
__________________________________________________
| 当我上中学的时候，我的社会学老师让我参加一个写作比赛。我不假思索地说了不。我不喜欢写作。我的家人都来自巴西，所以英语只是我的第二语言。写作对我来说是如此的困难和痛苦，以至于我的老师允许我通过表演一出戏剧来展示我关于泰坦尼克号沉没的论文，在那里我扮演了所有的角色。没有人比他笑得更厉害了。
那么，为什么他会突然强迫我做一些我肯定会失败的事情呢？他的回答是：“因为我喜欢你的故事。”如果你愿意自己努力，我认为你有很好的机会。”受到他的话的鼓舞，我同意试一试。
我选择了保罗·里维尔的马作为我的主题。保罗·里维尔是波士顿的一名银匠（银匠），1775年4月18日晚上，他骑马到列克星敦警告人们英国士兵要来。我的故事会直接来自于马的嘴里。这不是一个好主意，但很有趣；而且不太可能是别人的选择。
那匹马在想什么？他累了吗？有疑问吗？他想辞职吗？我立即同情。我累了。我有疑问。我想辞职。但是，就像里维尔的马一样，我继续前进。我努力工作。我检查了我的拼写。我让我的姐姐纠正我的语法。我在图书馆看了六六本关于保罗·里维尔的书。我甚至读了一些。
当我把文章交给我的老师时，他读了它，大声大笑着，说：“很好。现在，再写一遍。“我写了一遍又一遍，一遍又一遍。当我最终读完它时，获胜的想法已经让位于写作的乐趣。如果我没赢，我也不在乎。
几周后，当我几乎忘记了比赛时，消息来了。
颁奖典礼结束后，我去了我老师的办公室。
| 【语篇导读】
【解析】
|
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150个左右。
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
参考范文（人与自我） | 译文 | When I almost forgot the contest, the news came. It was a phone call saying that I was a winner. When I knew I won the prize, a wide excitement took hold of me. I rushed to my mother with excitement and shared the fantastic news with her. On hearing of the unexpected news, she was so surprised that she froze with her mouth wide open. After a while, excited tears streamed down her cheeks. After that, bathed in the warm sunshine, we made our way to the award presentation. On the way my mother remind me that without my teacher’s encouragement I wouldn’t have made much progress in writing in English.
I went to the teacher’s office after the award presentation. With tears in my eyes I said to him, “I would like to express my heartfelt gratitude to you for your timely help. It was your encouragement that made me brave enough to sign up for the competition.” He stepped forward, patted me on the shoulder, and said softly, “Where there is a will, there is a way.” We hugged each other as tightly as possible and our eyes were filled with tears. Only then did I realize that it was bravery and determination that could conquer all the difficulties. Hard work paid off eventually.
| 当我差点忘记比赛时，消息传来了。那是一个电话，说我是一个赢家。当我知道我赢了奖时，一种广泛的兴奋抓住了我。我兴奋地冲到我母亲身边，把这个好消息告诉了她。听到这个意想不到的消息，她非常惊讶，张大嘴僵住了。过了一会儿，激动的眼泪顺着她的脸颊流了下来。之后，沐浴在温暖的阳光下，我们来到了颁奖典礼上。在路上，我的母亲提醒我，如果没有我的老师的鼓励，我在英语写作方面不会有太大的进步。
颁奖典礼结束后，我去了教师的办公室。我含着泪眼对他说：“我想对您的及时帮助表示衷心的感谢。”正是你的鼓励让我勇敢地报名参加了比赛。”他走上前去，拍了拍我的肩膀，轻声说：“哪里有意志，哪里就有办法。”我们尽可能紧紧地拥抱，眼睛里充满了泪水。直到那时，我才意识到，只有勇敢和决心才能克服所有的困难。努力的工作最终得到了回报。
|
参考答案及解析 第一部分 听力
1-5 CABBC 6-10 CBABC 11-15 ACABA 16-20 CCABA
第二部分 阅读
第一节
A 第二节
本文是一篇说明文。文章鼓励人们练习自我宽恕，并提供了一个简单的写作练习来增强自信。通过列出个人的优点和自己的善行，人们可以学会原谅自己的错误，并从中成长。
36. D 空前讲：人都会犯错，勇于承担责任固然重要，但是也不要因此过于自责。结合空后“You can use the following writing exercise to help you do this.”中的“do this”以及下文内容可推断，空处的内容应该和“不要太自责”相近。D项“宽恕自己也同样重要”与“不要太自责”语意相近，起承上启下的作用。故选D。
37. B 根据空前的“Personal strengths.”可知，该段内容与个人优势有关，而空后举例说明了几项优点。B项“现在列出所有你喜欢的自己身上的特点”符合上下文内容，且B项中的“you like about yourself”与该段最后的“you’re proud of”呼应。故选B。
38. F 根据该段第一句中的“Acts of kindness.”可知，该段与所做的好事有关。空前讲了你帮忙去做生活中的小事的一些例子。结合选项可知，F项“不管是什么，不管它看起来有多小，都要把它写下来”与上文内容一致，是对上文内容的归纳。故选F。
39. C 根据空后的“That way, you could exchange thoughts on what makes each of you special and the aspects of your personality that shine through.”可知，空处提到了某种方式，这种方式会使你和朋友们一起交换意见等。C项“他们甚至可能想试一试做这个练习”符合语境，C项中的“They”与空前的“a friend or family member”呼应。故选C。
40. G 根据空前的“It’s something of a cliché (陈词滥调) that most people learn not from their successes but their mistakes. The thing is, it’s true.”可知，作者认为人是从错误中学习。G项“不管你犯了什么错误，记住这不是你性格中固定的一面”符合语境，G项中的“it isn’t a fixed aspect of your personality”与空后的“We’ re all changing and learning all the time and mistakes are a positive way to develop and grow.”内容一致，指的都是犯错并不是性格中固有的一面，我们是从错误中成长起来的。故选G。
第三部分 语言运用
第一节
本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了在明尼苏达州举行的一次越野赛中，Melanie Bailey背着另一个受伤的参赛者Danielle Lenoue过终点线并接受医疗救助的故事。
41. D 考查动词辨析。根据第二段中的“carried her all the way to the finish line”可知，Bailey在比赛中背着另一名受伤的参赛者，所以完成比赛晚了，因此该句表示“Melanie Bailey本应该更早完成比赛”。故选D。
42. A 考查名词辨析。根据空前的“Melanie Bailey should have ... earlier than she did”可知，Melanie Bailey到达终点的时间比预期的晚，即她的比赛受到了耽搁。此处在解释她到得晚的原因。delay意为“延迟；耽搁”。故选A。
43. D 考查名词辨析。根据第二段中的“to help her fellow runner, Danielle Lenoue”及“carried her all the way to the finish line”可知，Melanie Bailey是背着另一名参赛者冲过终点线。故选D。
44. A 考查名词辨析。根据第一段中的“hundreds of runners competed in a cross-country race”可知，Melanie Bailey正在参加越野赛跑比赛，此处是说她已经跑完了超过三分之二的赛程。故选A。
45. C 考查动词辨析。根据上文可知，Melanie Bailey正在比赛，根据空后的“to help her fellow runner”可知，她停下来帮助她的同伴Danielle Lenoue。stop to do sth.意为“停下来去做某事”，符合语境。故选C。
46. B 考查名词辨析。根据空前的“Bailey took her arm”可知，此处表示Bailey扶着她的胳膊，看她是否能在她的帮助下向前走。aid意为“帮助”。故选B。
47. D 考查动词词组辨析。根据空后的“let Lenoue climb onto her back”可知，Bailey弯下腰，让Lenoue爬到她的背上。bend down意为“弯下腰”。故选D。
48. A 考查形容词辨析。根据上文中的“began crying in pain”以及下文中的“Once there, Lenoue was ____ and later taken to a hospital ...”可知，Bailey送Danielle Lenoue去接受治疗。medical attention意为“医疗处理”，符合语境。故选A。
49. B 考查动词辨析。根据空后的“later taken to a hospital”可知，Danielle Lenoue是先接受了检查，再被送往医院，也就是先接受了（身体状况的）评估。assess意为“评估”。故选B。
50. B 考查名词辨析。根据上文中的“began crying in pain”可知，如果没有Bailey的帮助，Lenoue可能会在极度的痛苦中挣扎着到达救助站。故选B。
51. C 考查形容词辨析。根据下文中的“why her act is considered ...”可知，此处Bailey对于后面这件事的原因感到困惑。confused意为“困惑的”。故选C。
52. D 考查名词辨析。根据下文中的“I feel like I was just doing the right thing.”可知，Bailey觉得自己只是做了正确的事情，她并不认为自己的行为有多么了不起。a big deal意为“非常重要的事”，符合语境。故选D。
53. A 考查动词辨析。根据空前的“She was just crying”以及上文提到Bailey一路背着Lenoue走到终点线可知，Bailey看见Lenoue痛苦地哭泣，她觉得自己不能丢下她不管。leave意为“离开，丢下”。故选A。
54. C 考查名词辨析。根据第一段中的“hundreds of runners competed in a cross-country race”及空前的“the two young women were strangers before”可知，这两名年轻女子在比赛之前是陌生人。meet在此处为熟词生义，意为“比赛”，符合语境。故选C。
55. B 考查名词辨析。根据上文可知，Bailey背着另一个受伤的参赛者过终点线，去让她接受医疗救助，这展示了人类的善良。display意为“展示”，符合语境。故选B。
第二节
本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了中国美食——小笼包，讲述了小笼包的美味、发源地，以及制作方法等。
56. tasty 考查词性转换。句意：小笼包（汤包），那些精致的饺子皮，包裹着热腾腾的美味汤汁和甜甜的鲜肉，是我最喜欢的中国街头小吃。分析句子结构并结合句意可知，该处与hot并列，修饰后面的名词soup，应用taste的形容词形式tasty，意为“美味的”。故填tasty。
57. to bite 考查非谓语动词。句意：吃小笼包的时候，要么先咬一小口，放出热气，汤汁也会随之溢出，要么把整个小笼包放进嘴里，感受热汤汁在舌尖爆浆的感觉。该处构成“whether to do”结构，表示“要么……”，且与后面to put并列。故填to bite。
58. or 考查连词。句意同上。该处构成“whether ... or ...”结构，表示“要么……要么……”。故填or。
59. recognized 考查非谓语动词。句意：上海也许是公认的小笼包的故乡，但食物历史学家实际上会给你指出，邻近的运河小镇——南翔才是小笼包的诞生地。分析句子结构并结合句意可知，空处作定语，修饰名词home。recognize与被修饰词home是逻辑上的动宾关系，应填过去分词recognized作定语，意为“公认的”。故填recognized。
60. by 考查介词。句意：小笼包的皮是用手压出来的，而不是（用擀面杖）擀出来的。该处考查固定搭配“by hand”，意为“用手的；手工的”。故填by。
61. to be lifted 考查非谓语动词。句意：最好的小笼包外皮很薄，从蒸笼中被取出来时不会撕裂或洒出任何馅料儿。根据搭配“allow sb. to do sth.”意为“允许某人做某事”可知，空处需用动词不定式作宾语补足语，lift与them是逻辑上的动宾关系，应用动词不定式的被动形式。故填to be lifted。
62. their 考查代词。句意同上。分析句子结构可知，该处修饰后面的名词contents，应用形容词性物主代词。故填their。
63. a 考查冠词。句意：肉应该是新鲜的，有点甜，汤应该是热的，清爽又美味。分析句子结构并结合句意可知，该处考查“a touch of sth.”结构，意为“少量某物；一点儿某物”。a touch of sweetness意为“一点点甜；一丝甜”。故填a。
64. rarely 考查词性转换。分析句子结构可知，该处修饰后面的形容词enough，应用rare的副词形式rarely。rarely enough意为“几乎不够”。故填rarely。
65. wanting 考查非谓语动词。句意：无论我在哪里买，一笼都不够，两笼又显得太贪心了，所以我总是吃完之后想下次再多吃一点。分析句子结构可知，这句话中已有谓语动词am left，所以want作非谓语，want与逻辑主语I是主动关系，所以应用want的现在分词形式。故填wanting。
第四部分 写作
第一节
听力材料 Text 1
W: Jack, are you going camping with your friends this weekend?
M: It depends. If it’s sunny, we’ll go.
W: The weatherman says it’s going to rain.
M: In that case, we’ll go to the cinema instead.
Text 2
W: Excuse me, could you mind my bags for a moment? I want to buy some food at the convenience store.
M: No problem. But be quick. It was announced that my train will arrive in 10 minutes.
Text 3
W: Bob came out of hospital last Friday. Have you got a chance to visit him?
M: I plan to see him this Saturday.
W: Aren’t you going to the conference then?
M: No. It has been rescheduled for next Monday.
Text 4
M: Sorry, Miss. We made a terrible mistake adding up the bill. Here is the ten dollars we have to return to you.
W: Oh, I didn’t notice that. It’s OK. Don’t blame the waiter. He’s been really nice.
Text 5
W: Do you think we should get Steve a book for the New Year?
M: Books are good. But Steve wouldn’t take just any book. He has to have this particular one on geography.
Text 6
M: Hello, Sarah.
W: Hello, David. I can’t come for dinner tonight. Sorry.
M: Oh, what happened?
W: We’ve got a new case and things get pretty crazy here in the office.
M: Well, then I’ll come to you.
W: No, no, not tonight. Let me see if I can arrange another night.
M: Sarah, please. We need to talk. It’s about my job.
W: Then tell me on the phone.
M: No, it’s better if we do it in person. How about tomorrow night?
W: I’m not sure. You can give me a call tomorrow afternoon.
M: OK.
Text 7
W: Jim will call on us this afternoon. Do you know where he is now?
M: Er ... wait. Let me see. He has sent two messages saying that he’s done with his work at the office and got a taxi and ... and he’ll arrive in twenty minutes.
W: We can’t keep him waiting outside our home. We have to hurry.
M: But it takes at least half an hour to get out of the city center by bus. Look at the traffic.
W: Let’s get off. We can save at least twenty minutes by walking through the park.
M: Are you sure?
W: Yes. A hundred percent.
Text 8
W: Morning, Mark.
M: Morning, Clara. How was your weekend?
W: Great. I went to my grandpa’s. He invited us to pick vegetables on his farm. My daughter had a great time there. What about you?
M: Oh, I had a truly incredible experience. I dropped by a yard sale on Saturday and got several books.
W: Novels?
M: A novel and two poetry collections. As I leafed through the novel, a piece of paper fell out. It was an air ticket from 2012. The flight was from Los Angeles to Chicago and the name on the ticket was Ashley Louis.
W: Was it?
M: Yes. Ashley, my sister. In 2012, she lived in Los Angeles and her husband worked in Chicago. Both of them often flew between the two cities. I asked the seller where he got the book. He said it was bought at a second-hand bookstore in Los Angeles three years ago. Last year, he and his family moved from Los Angeles to Philadelphia.
W: So, all the way cross the country, your sister’s old book landed in your hands. That’s really crazy.
Text 9
W: Victor, you’ve been here in Indiana for six weeks now. How are you feeling?
M: I think I’ve got used to college life, going to classes, working out and hanging out with my friends. Though there’s pressure to meet deadlines, life here is never boring.
W: What’s been hard about being an Indiana basketball player?
M: Well, the training is very competitive, weightlifting and running every day. It’s not like high school. In high school, I really didn’t have to do that. I’m just trying to get used to it. And I think I am.
W: At this point, how do you see yourself fitting into this group?
M: I think we’re all different. George is from Britain. Chris and Leo are from Australia. I’m from France. And the rest are Americans. But I get along with everybody. You know, we are really starting to bond. It’s great to see how we grow each day as a team.
W: Thanks, Victor. I wish you a very happy and fruitful stay in Indiana.
Text 10
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