21-23阅读B篇真题汇总

目录

一、 真题
1. 2024.1浙江B篇
2. 2023.6新高考1卷B篇
3. 2023.6新高考2卷B篇
4. 2023.6全国甲卷B篇
5. 2023.6全国乙卷B篇
6. 2023.1浙江B篇
7. 2022.6新高考1卷B篇
8. 2022.6新高考2卷B篇
9. 2022.6全国甲卷B篇
10. 2022.6全国乙卷B篇
11. 2022.6浙江B篇
12. 2022.1浙江B篇
13. 2021.6新高考1卷B篇
14. 2021.6新高考2卷B篇
15. 2021.6全国甲卷B篇
16. 2021.6全国乙卷B篇
17. 2021.6浙江B篇
18. 2021.1浙江B篇
二、 答案与解析
1. 2024.1浙江B篇 答案与解析
2. 2023.6新高考1卷B篇 答案与解析
3. 2023.6新高考2卷B篇 答案与解析
4. 2023.6全国甲卷B篇 答案与解析
5. 2023.6全国乙卷B篇 答案与解析
6. 2023.1浙江B篇 答案与解析
7. 2022.6新高考1卷B篇 答案与解析
8. 2022.6新高考2卷B篇 答案与解析
9. 2022.6全国甲卷B篇 答案与解析
10. 2022.6全国乙卷B篇 答案与解析
11. 2022.6浙江B篇 答案与解析
12. 2022.1浙江B篇 答案与解析
13. 2021.6新高考1卷B篇 答案与解析
14. 2021.6新高考2卷B篇 答案与解析
15. 2021.6全国甲卷B篇 答案与解析
16. 2021.6全国乙卷B篇 答案与解析
17. 2021.6浙江B篇 答案与解析
18. 2021.1浙江B篇 答案与解析
一、


一、真题1. 2024.1浙江B篇When was the last time you used a telephone box? I mean to make an actual phone call — not to shelter from the rain. Ages ago, right? The last time I used a phone box for its intended purpose was…2006. I was conducting auditions (试演) for my play in my tiny old shared house in London. Hoping to impress some talented actors to come and work for me for nothing, I spread some throws over the sofas and lit candles to make it seem a bit more ”young professional”.
As I rushed outdoors to empty the wastepaper baskets, the door swung shut behind me. Suddenly I was locked outside. My mobile phone was inside, but luckily there was a telephone box across the street. So, I called Directory Assistance, got put through to our landlady’s managing agent, and had a spare key sent to me with just enough time to get back in before the actors arrived.
As it has been many years since I last used one, I should hardly be surprised that then are no longer any public telephones near my house. The last one standing has just been turn into a “mini community library”: any passer-by can “borrow” a book from its shelves return it later, or replace it with another title from their own collection.
For a few months after the “library” opened, I didn’t bother taking a look, as I had assumed that it would be stuffed full of cheese love stories. Then I noticed fork conducting spring cleans dropping boxes of voluminous books on various subjects there. And these books were free. This unbeatable price-point encouraged me to experiment with dozens of titles that I would never normally consider buying. And I’ve discovered some great books!
If I ever get trapped outside my house again, my local telephone box will, sadly no longer be able to connect me with my keys. But it can certainly keep me entertained while I wait for my wife to rescue me.
24.What does the underlined word “it” in the first paragraph refer to?
A.The play. B.The shared house.
C.The sofa. D.The telephone box.
25.Why did the author use the telephone box in 2006?
A.To place an urgent call. B.To put up a notice.
C.To shelter from the rain. D.To hold an audition.
26.What do we know about the “mini community library”?
A.It provides phone service for free. B.Anyone can contribute to its collection.
C.It is popular among young readers. D.Books must be returned within a month.
27.Why did the author start to use the “library”?
A.He wanted to borrow some love stories. B.He was encouraged by a close neighbour.
C.He found there were excellent free books. D.He thought it was an ideal place for reading.
2. 2023.6新高考1卷B篇When John Todd was a child, he loved to explore the woods around his house, observing how nature solved problems. A ditry stream, for example, often became clear after flowing through plants and along rocks where tiny creatures lived. When he got older, John started to wonder if this process could be used to clean up the messes people were making.
After studying agriculture, medicine, and fisheries in college, John went back to observing nature and asking questions. Why can certain plants trap harmful bacteria (细菌)? Which kinds of fish can eat cancer-causing chemicals? With the right combination of animals and plants, he figured, maybe he could clean up waste the way nature did. He decided to build what he would later call an eco-machine.
The task John set for himself was to remove harmful substances from some sludge (污泥). First, he constructed a series of clear fiberglass tanks connected to each other. Then he went around to local ponds and streams and brought back some plants and animals. He placed them in the tanks and waited. Little by little, these different kinds of life got used to one another and formed their own ecosystem. After a few weeks, John added the sludge.
He was amazed at the results. The plants and animals in the eco-machine took the sludge as food and began to eat it! Within weeks, it had all been digested, and all that was left was pure water.
Over the years John has taken on many big jobs. He developed a greenhouse-like facility that treated sewage (污水) from 1,600 homes in South Burlington. He also designed an eco-machine to clean canal water in Fuzhou, a city in southeast China.
“Ecological design” is the name John gives to what he does. “Life on Earth is kind of a box of spare parts for the inventor,” he says. “You put organisms in new relationships and observe what’s happening. Then you let these new systems develop their own ways to self-repair.”
4. What can we learn about John from the first two paragraphs?
A. He was fond of traveling. B. He enjoyed being alone.
C. He had an inquiring mind. D. He longed to be a doctor.
5. Why did John put the sludge into the tanks?
A. To feed the animals. B. To build an ecosystem.
C. To protect the plants. D. To test the eco-machine.
6. What is the author’s purpose in mentioning Fuzhou?
A. To review John’s research plans. B. To show an application of John’s idea.
C. To compare John’s different jobs. D. To erase doubts about John’s invention.
7. What is the basis for John’s work?
A. Nature can repair itself. B. Organisms need water to survive.
C. Life on Earth is diverse. D. Most tiny creatures live in groups.
3. 2023.6新高考2卷B篇Turning soil, pulling weeds, and harvesting cabbage sound like tough work for middle and high school kids. And at first it is, says Abby Jaramillo, who with another teacher started Urban Sprouts, a school garden program at four low-income schools. The program aims to help students develop science skills, environmental awareness, and healthy lifestyles.
Jaramillo’s students live in neighborhoods where fresh food and green space are not easy to find and fast food restaurants outnumber grocery stores. “The kids literally come to school with bags of snacks and large bottles of soft drinks,” she says. “They come to us thinking vegetables are awful, dirt is awful, insects are awful.” Though some are initially scared of the insects and turned off by the dirt, most are eager to try something new.
Urban Sprouts’ classes, at two middle schools and two high schools, include hands-on experiments such as soil testing, flower-and-seed dissection, tastings of fresh or dried produce, and work in the garden. Several times a year, students cook the vegetables they grow, and they occasionally make salads for their entire schools.
Program evaluations show that kids eat more vegetables as a result of the classes. “We have students who say they went home and talked to their parents and now they’re eating differently,” Jaramillo says.
She adds that the program’s benefits go beyond nutrition. Some students get so interested in gardening that they bring home seeds to start their own vegetable gardens. Besides, working in the garden seems to have a calming effect on Jaramillo’s special education students, many of whom have emotional control issues. “They get outside,” she says, “and they feel successful.”
4. What do we know about Abby Jaramillo?
A. She used to be a health worker. B. She grew up in a low-income family.
C. She owns a fast food restaurant. D. She is an initiator of Urban Sprouts.
5. What was a problem facing Jaramillo at the start of the program?
A. The kids’ parents distrusted her. B. Students had little time for her classes.
C. Some kids disliked garden work. D. There was no space for school gardens.
6. Which of the following best describes the impact of the program?
A. Far-reaching. B. Predictable. C. Short-lived. D. Unidentifiable.
7. What can be a suitable title for the text?
A. Rescuing School Gardens B. Experiencing Country Life
C. Growing Vegetable Lovers D. Changing Local Landscape
4. 2023.6全国甲卷B篇Terri Bolton is a dab hand when it comes to DIY(do-it-yourself).Skilled at putting up shelves and piecing together furniture,she never pays someone else to do a job she can do herself.
She credits these skills to her late grandfather and builder Derek Lloyd.From the age of six,Terri,now 26,accompanied Derek to work during her school holidays.A day's work was rewarded with:f5 in pocket money.She says:“I'm sure I wasn't much of a help to start with,painting the rooms and putting down the flooring throughout the house.It took weeks and it was back breaking work,but I know he was proud of my skills."
Terri,who now rents a house with friends in Wands worth,South West London,says DIY also saves her from losing any deposit when a tenancy(租期)comes to an end.She adds:“I've moved house many times and I always like to personalise my room and put up pictures,so,it's been useful to know how to cover up holes and repaint a room to avoid any charges when I've moved out.”
With millions of people likely to take on DIY projects over the coming weeks,new research shows that more than half of people are planning to make the most of the long,warm summer days to get jobs done.The average spend per project will be around E823.Two thirds of people aim to improve their comfort while at home.Two fifth wish to increase the value of their house.Though DIY has traditionally been seen as male hobby,the research shows it is women now leading the charge
24.Which is closest in meaning to "a dab hand"in paragraph 1?
A.An artist. B.A winner. C.A specialist. D.A pioneer.
25.Why did Terri's grandfather give her f5 a day?
A.For a birthday gift. B.As a treat for her work.
C.To support her DIY projects. D.To encourage her to take up a hobby.
26.How did Terri avoid losing the deposit on the house she rented?
A.By making it look like before. B.By furnishing it herself.
C.By splitting the rent with a roommate. D.By cancelling the rental agreement.
27.What trend in DIY does the research show?
A.It is becoming more costly. B.It is getting more time-consuming.
C.It is turning into a seasonal industry. D.It is gaining popularity among females.
5. 2023.6全国乙卷B篇Living in Iowa and trying to become a photographer specializing in landscape (风景) can be quite a challenge, mainly because the corn state lacks geographical variation.
Although landscapes in the Midwest tend to be quite similar, either farm fields or highways, sometimes I find distinctive character in the hills or lakes. To make some of my landscape shots, I have traveled up to four hours away to shoot within a 10-minute time frame. I tend to travel with a few of my friends to state parks or to the countryside to go on adventures and take photos along the way.
Being at the right place at the right time is decisive in any style of photography. I often leave early to seek the right destinations so I can set up early to avoid missing the moment I am attempting to photograph. I have missed plenty of beautiful sunsets/sunrises due to being on the spot only five minutes before the best moment.
One time my friends and I drove three hours to Devil’s Lake, Wisconsin, to climb the purple quartz (石英) rock around the lake. After we found a crazy-looking road that hung over a bunch of rocks, we decided to photograph the scene at sunset. The position enabled us to look over the lake with the sunset in the background. We managed to leave this spot to climb higher because of the spare time until sunset. However, we did not mark the route (路线) so we ended up almost missing the sunset entirely. Once we found the place, it was stressful getting lights and cameras set up in the limited time. Still, looking back on the photos, they are some of my best shots though they could have been so much better if I would have been prepared and managed my time wisely.
24. How does the author deal with the challenge as a landscape photographer in the Midwest?
A. By teaming up with other photographers. B. By shooting in the countryside or state parks.
C. By studying the geographical conditions. D. By creating settings in the corn fields.
25. What is the key to successful landscape photography according to the author?
A. Proper time management. B. Good shooting techniques.
C. Adventurous spirit. D. Distinctive styles.
26. What can we infer from the author’s trip with friends to Devil’s Lake?
A. They went crazy with the purple quartz rock.
B. They felt stressed while waiting for the sunset.
C. They reached the shooting spot later than expected.
D. They had problems with their equipment.
27. How does the author find his photos taken at Devil’s Lake?
A. Amusing. B. Satisfying. C. Encouraging. D. Comforting.
6. 2023.1浙江B篇Live with roommates? Have friends and family around you? Chances are that if you're looking to  live  a  more  sustainable  lifestyle,not  everyone  around  you  will  be  ready  to  jump on that bandwagon
I experienced this when I started switching to a zero waste lifestyle five years ago, as I was living with my parents, and I continue to experience this with my husband, as he is not completely zero waste  like me.I've  learned  a  few things  along the way though,which  I hope you'll  find encouraging if you're doing your best to figure out how you can make the change in a not-always- supportive household.
Zero waste was a radical lifestyle movement a few years back.Iremember showing my parents a video of Bea Johnson, sharing how cool I thought it would be to buy groceries with jars, and have so little trash! A few days later, I came back with my first jars of zero waste groceries, and my dad commented on how silly it was for me to carry jars everywhere.It came off as a bit discouraging.
Yet as the months of reducing waste continued, I did what I could that was within my own reach.I had my own bedroom, so I worked on removing things I didn't need.Since Ihad my own toiletries(洗漱用品),I was able to start personalising my routine to be more sustainable.I also offered to cook every so often, so I portioned out a bit of the cupboard for my own zero waste groceries. Perhaps your household won't entirely make the switch, but you may have some control over your own personal spaces to make the changes you desire.
As you make your lifestyle changes, you may find yourself wanting to speak up for yourself if others comment on what you're doing, which can turn itself into a whole household debate.If you have individuals who are not on board, your words probably won't do much and can often leave you feeling more discouraged.
So here is my advice: Lead by action.
24.What do the underlined words“jump on that bandwagon”mean in the first paragraph?
A. Share an apartment with you.            B. Join you in what you're doing.
C.  Transform your way of living.          D. Help you to make the decision.
25.What was the attitude of the author's father toward buying groceries with jars?
A. He disapproved of it.                         B. He was favorable to it.
C. He was tolerant of it.                         D. He didn't care about it.
26. What can we infer about the author?
A. She is quite good at cooking.            B. She respects others' privacy.
C. She enjoys being a housewife.          D. She is a determined person.
27. What is the text mainly about?
A. How to get on well with other family members.
B. How to have one's own personal space at home.
C. How to live a zero waste lifestyle in a household.
D. How to control the budget when buying groceries.
7. 2022.6新高考1卷B篇Like most of us, I try to be mindful of food that goes to waste. The arugula (芝麻菜) was to make a nice green salad, rounding out a roast chicken dinner. But I ended up working late. Then friends called with a dinner invitation. I stuck the chicken in the freezer. But as days passed, the arugula went bad. Even worse, I had unthinkingly bought way too much; I could have made six salads with what I threw out.
In a world where nearly 800 million people a year go hungry, “food waste goes against the moral grain,” as Elizabeth Royte writes in this month’s cover story. It’s jaw-dropping how much perfectly good food is thrown away - from “ugly” (but quite eatable) vegetables rejected by grocers to large amounts of uneaten dishes thrown into restaurant garbage cans.
Producing food that no one eats wastes the water, fuel, and other resources used to grow it. That makes food waste an environmental problem. In fact, Royte writes, “if food waste were a country, it would be the third largest producer of greenhouse gases in the world.”
If that’s hard to understand, let’s keep it as simple as the arugula at the back of my refrigerator. Mike Curtin sees my arugula story all the time - but for him, it’s more like 12 boxes of donated strawberries nearing their last days. Curtin is CEO of DC Central Kitchen in Washington. D.C., which recovers food and turns it into healthy meals. Last year it recovered more than 807,500 pounds of food by taking donations and collecting blemished (有瑕疵的) produce that otherwise would have rotted in fields. And the strawberries? Volunteers will wash, cut, and freeze or dry them for use in meals down the road.
Such methods seem obvious, yer so often we just don’t think. “Everyone can play a part in reducing waste, whether by not purchasing more food than necessary in your weekly shopping or by asking restaurants to not include the side dish you won’t eat.” Curtin says.
24.What does the author want to show by telling the arugula story?
A. We pay little attention to food waste. B. We waste food unintentionally at times.
C. We waste more vegetables than meat. D. We have good reasons for wasting food.
25.What is a consequence of food waste according to the text?
A. Moral decline. B. Environmental harm.
C. Energy shortage. D. Worldwide starvation.
26.What does Curtin’s company do?
A. It produces kitchen equipment. B. It turns rotten arugula into clean fuel.
C. It helps local farmers grow fruits. D. It makes meals out of unwanted food.
27.What does Curtin suggest people do?
A. Buy only what is needed. B. Reduce food consumption.
C. Go shopping once a week. D. Eat in restaurants less often.
8. 2022.6新高考2卷B篇We journalists live in a new age of storytelling, with many new multimedia tools. Many young people don’t even realize it’s new. For them, it’s just normal.
This hit home for me as I was sitting with my 2-year-old grandson on a sofa over the Spring Festival holiday. I had brought a children’s book to read. It had simple words and colorful pictures — a perfect match for his age.
Picture this: my grandson sitting on my lap as I hold the book in front so he can see the pictures. As I read, he reaches out and pokes (戳) the page with his finger.
What’s up with that? He just likes the pictures, I thought. Then I turned the page and continued. He poked the page even harder. I nearly dropped the book. I was confused: Is there something wrong with this kid?
Then I realized what was happening. He was actually a stranger to books. His father frequently amused the boy with a tablet computer which was loaded with colorful pictures that come alive when you poke them. He thought my storybook was like that.
Sorry, kid. This book is not part of your high-tech world. It’s an outdated, lifeless thing. An antique, like your grandfather. Well, I may be old, but I’m not hopelessly challenged, digitally speaking. I edit video and produce audio. I use mobile payment. I’ve even built websites.
There’s one notable gap in my new-media experience, however: I’ve spent little time in front of a camera, since I have a face made for radio. But that didn’t stop China Daily from asking me last week to share a personal story for a video project about the integration of Beijing, Tianjin and Hebei province.
Anyway, grandpa is now an internet star — two minutes of fame! I promise not to let it go to my head. But I will make sure my 2-year-old grandson sees it on his tablet.
4. What do the underlined words “hit home for me” mean in paragraph 2?
A. Provided shelter for me. B. Became very clear to me.
C. Took the pressure off me. D. Worked quite well on me.
5. Why did the kid poke the storybook?
A. He took it for a tablet computer. B. He disliked the colorful pictures.
C. He was angry with his grandpa. D. He wanted to read it by himself.
6. What does the author think of himself?
A. Socially ambitious. B. Physically attractive.
C. Financially independent. D. Digitally competent.
7. What can we learn about the author as a journalist?
A. He lacks experience in his job. B. He seldom appears on television.
C. He manages a video department. D. He often interviews internet stars.
9. 2022.6全国甲卷B篇Goffin's cockatoos, a kind of small parrot native to Australasia, have been shown to have similar shape-recognition abilities to a human two-year-old. Though not known to use tools in the wild, the birds have proved skilful at tool use while kept in the cage. In a recent experiment, cockatoos were presented with a box with a nut inside it. The clear front of the box had a "keyhole" in a geometric shape, and the birds were given five differently shaped "keys" to choese from. Inserting the correct "key" would let out the nut.
In humans, babies can put a round shape in a round hole from around one year of age, but it will be another year before they are able to do the same with less symmetrical（对称的） shapes. his ability to recognize that a shape will need to be turned in a specific direction before it will fit is called an "allocentric frame of reference". In the experiment, Goffin's cockatoos were able to select the right tool for the job, in most cases, by visual recognition alone. Where trial-and-error was used, the cockatoos did better than monkeys in similar tests. This indicates that Goffin's cockatoos do indeed possess an allocentric frame of reference when moving objects in space, similar to two-year-old babies.
The next step, according to the researchers, is to try and work out whether the cockatoos rely entirely on visual clues（线索）, or also use a sense of touch in making their shape selections.
24. How did the cockatoos get the nut from the box in the experiment?
A. By following instructions.        B. By using a tool.
C. By turning the box around.       D. By removing the lid.
25. Which task can human one-year-olds most likely complete according to the text?
A. Using a key to unlock a door.            B. Telling parrots from other birds.
C. Putting a ball into a round hole.          D. Grouping toys of different shapes.
26. What does the follow-up test aim to find out about the cockatoos?
A. How far they are able to see.              B. How they track moving objects.
C. Whether they are smarter than monkeys.     D. Whether they use a sense of touch in the test.
27. Which can be a suitable title for the text?
A. Cockatoos: Quick Error Checkers        B. Cockatoos: Independent Learners
C. Cockatoos: Clever Signal-Readers        D. Cockatoos: Skilful Shape-Sorters
10. 2022.6全国乙卷B篇In 1916, two girls of wealthy families, best friends from Auburn, N. Y.—Dorothy Woodruff and Rosamond Underwood—traveled to a settlement in the Rocky Mountains to teach in a one-room schoolhouse. The girls had gone to Smith College. They wore expensive clothes. So for them to move to Elkhead, Colo. to instruct the children whose shoes were held together with string was a surprise. Their stay in Elkhead is the subject of Nothing Daunted: The Unexpected Education of Two Society Girls in the West by Dorothy Wickenden, who is a magazine editor and Dorothy Woodruff’s granddaughter.
Why did they go then? Well, they wanted to do something useful. Soon, however, they realized what they had undertaken.
They moved in with a local family, the Harrisons, and, like them, had little privacy, rare baths, and a blanket of snow on their quilt when they woke up in the morning. Some mornings, Rosamond and Dorothy would arrive at the schoolhouse to find the children weeping from the cold. In spring, the snow was replaced by mud over ice.
In Wickenden’s book, she expanded on the history of the West and also on feminism, which of course influenced the girls’ decision to go to Elkhead. A hair-raising section concerns the building of the railroads, which entailed (牵涉) drilling through the Rockies, often in blinding snowstorms. The book ends with Rosamond and Dorothy’s return to Auburn.
Wickenden is a very good storyteller. The sweep of the land and the stoicism (坚忍) of the people move her to some beautiful writing. Here is a picture of Dorothy Woodruff, on her horse, looking down from a hill top: “When the sun slipped behind the mountains, it shed a rosy glow all around them. Then a full moon rose. The snow was marked only by small animals: foxes, coyotes, mice, and varying hares, which turned white in the winter.”
4. Why did Dorothy and Rosamond go to the Rocky Mountains?
A. To teach in a school. B. To study American history.
C. To write a book. D. To do sightseeing.
5. What can we learn about the girls from paragraph 3?
A. They enjoyed much respect. B. They had a room with a bathtub.
C They lived with the local kids. D. They suffered severe hardships.
6. Which part of Wickenden’s writing is hair-raising?
A. The extreme climate of Auburn. B. The living conditions in Elkhead.
C. The railroad building in the Rockies. D. The natural beauty of the West.
7. What is the text?
A. A news report. B. A book review. C. A children’s story. D. A diary entry.
11. 2022.6浙江B篇All around the world, there are small changes taking place. At the side of roads, behind school playgrounds and on all kinds of unloved pieces of land across towns and cities, tiny forests barely the size of tennis courts are appearing, making a great place for both wildlife and local people who may not normally have easy access to nature. This is the Tiny Forest movement, which aims to prove that the best things in life really do come in small packages.
Tiny forests were first pioneered as a concept in the 1970s by Dr Miyawaki, a Japanese botanist. As he went on to share his concept with others, the idea soon took off in India and other countries before eventually reaching Europe, where it became popular in places like France, Belgium and the Netherlands.
So how does it work? Louise Hartley, who is leading the Tiny Forest project in the UK, explains that the process begins by identifying areas in which a tiny forest could have the biggest influence. “We focus on urban areas where access to nature is often not that easy”, says Hartley. “We see it as a chance to try to break the growing disconnect between people and nature.”
In a Tiny Forest, there must be a minimum of 600 trees, and the trees are planted much closer together and without chemicals or fertilisers (肥料). There are usually around 30 different kinds of all-native tree species (物种). This variety, coupled with the fact that tiny forests grow up to ten times faster than standard forests, means they attract a rich abundance of wildlife. It’s also thought that these places could help reduce the risk of flooding, remove carbon from the atmosphere and fight climate change, as well as improving the mental health of those living locally.
4. What do we know about the Tiny Forest movement?
A. It has achieved notable success.
B. It is led by number of schools.
C. It began in Europe in the 1970s.
D. It will spread to the countryside.
5. What is the purpose of the project led by Hartley in the UK?
A. To promote eco-tourism. B. To improve forestry research.
C. To popularise gardening. D. To get people close to nature.
6. What is special about the trees in a Tiny Forest?
A. They are small in size. B. They are thickly planted.
C. They are foreign species. D. They are heavily fertilised.
12. 2022.1浙江B篇The United States rose to global power on the strength of its technology, and the lifeblood that technology has long been electricity. By providing long-distance communication and energy, electricity created the modern world. Yet properly understood, the age of electricity is merely the second stage in the age of steam, which began a century earlier.
“It is curious that on one has put together a history of both the steam and electric revolutions." writes Maury Klein in his book The Power Makers, Steam, Electricity, and the Men Invented Modern America. Klein, a noted historian of technology, spins a narrative so lively that at times it reads like a novel.
The story begins in the last years of the 18th century in Scotland, where Watt perfected "the machine that changed the world”. Klein writes, “America did not invent the steam engine, but once they grasped its passwords they put it to more uses than anyone else.”
Meanwhile, over the course of 19th century, electricity went from mere curiosity to a basic necessity. Morse invented a code for sending messages over an electromagnetic circuit. Bell then gave the telegraph a voice. Edison perfected an incandescent bulls that brought electric light into the American home.
Most importantly, Edison realized that success depended on mass electrification, which he showed in New York City. With help from Tesla, Westinghouse's firm developed a system using alternating current, which soon became the major forms of power delivery.
To frame his story, Klein creates the character of Ned, a fictional witness to the progress brought about by the steams and electric revolutions in America during one man's lifetime. It's a technique that helps turn a long narrative into an interesting one.
24. What is Klein's understanding of the age if electricity?
A. It is closely linked to the steam age. B. It began earlier than proper thought.
C. It is a little-studied period of history. D. It will come to an end sooner or later.
25.What can be inferred about Ned?
A. He was born in New York City. B. He wrote many increasing stories,
C. He created an electricity company. D. He lived mainly in the 19th century.
26.What is the text?
A. A biography.      B. A book review.      C. A short story.      D. A science report.
13. 2021.6新高考1卷B篇By day, Robert Titterton is a lawyer. In his spare time though he goes on stage beside pianist Maria Raspopova — not as a musician but as her page turner. “I’m not a trained musician, but I’ve learnt to read music so I can help Maria in her performance.”
Mr Titterton is chairman of the Omega Ensemble but has been the group’s official page turner for the past four years. His job is to sit beside the pianist and turn the pages of the score so the musician doesn’t have to break the flow of sound by doing it themselves. He said he became just as nervous as those playing instruments on stage.
“A lot of skills are needed for the job. Yo u have to make sure you don’t turn two pages at once and make sure you find the repeats in the music when you have to go back to the right spot.” Mr Titterton explained. Being a page turner requires plenty of practice. Some pieces of music can go for 40 minutes and require up to 50 page turns, including back turns for repeat passages. Silent onstage communication is key, and each pianist has their own style of “nodding” to indicate a page turn which they need to practise with their page turner.
But like all performances, there are moments when things go wrong. “I was turning the page to get ready for the next page, but the draft wind from the turn caused the spare pages to fall off the stand,” Mr Titterton said, “Luckily I was able to catch them and put them back.”
Most page turners are piano students or up-and-coming concert pianists, although Ms Raspopova has once asked her husband to help her out on stage. “My husband is the worst page turner,” she laughed. “He’s interested in the music, feeling every note, and I have to say: ‘Turn, turn!’ “Robert is the best page turner I’ve had in my entire life.”
24. What should Titterton be able to do to be a page turner?
A. Read music. B. Play the piano. C. Sing songs. D. Fix the instruments.
25. Which of the following best describes Titterton’s job on stage?
A. Boring. B. Well-paid. C. Demanding. D. Dangerous.
26. What does Titterton need to practise?
A. Counting the pages. B. Recognizing the “nodding”.
C. Catching falling objects. D. Performing in his own style.
27. Why is Ms Raspopova’s husband “the worse page turner”?
A. He has very poor eyesight. B. He ignores the audience.
C. He has no interest in music. D. He forgets to do his job.
14. 2021.6新高考2卷B篇I have worked as a keeper at the National Zoo.paris for 11 years. Spot and Stripe are the first tiger cubs（幼兽）that have ever been born here. Globally， a third of Sumatran cubs in zoos don't make it to adulthood, so I decided to give them round-the-clock care at home.
I've got two children - the younger one, Kynan, was extremely happy about the tigers arriving - but all of us really looked forward to being part of their lives and watching them grow. I wasn't worried about bringing them into my home with my wife and kids. These were cubs. They weighed about 2.5 kg and were so small that there was absolutely no risk.
As they grew more mobile, we let them move freely around the house during the day, but when we were asleep we had to contain them in a large room, otherwise they'd get up to mischief. We'd come down in the morning to find they'd turned the room upside down, and left it looking like a zoo.
Things quickly got very intense due to the huge amount of energy required to look after them. There were some tough times and I just felt extremely tired. I was grateful that my family was there to help. We had to have a bit of a production line going, making up “tiger milk”, washing baby bottles, and cleaning the floors.
When Spot and Stripe were four months old, they were learning how to open doors and jump fences, and we knew it really was time for them to go. It was hard for us to finally part with them. For the first few days, Kynan was always a bit disappointed that the cubs weren't there.
I'm not sad about it. I'm hands-on with them every day at the zoo, and I do look back very fondly on the time that we had them.
24.Why did the author bring the tiger cubs home?
A.To ensure their survival.     B. To observe their differences.
C.To teach them life skills.     D.To let them play with his kids.
25. What do the underlined words “get up to mischief' mean in paragraph 3?
A.Behave badly.    B.Lose their way.
C.Sleep soundly.    D.Miss their mom.
26.What did the author think of raising the tiger cubs at home?
A.Boring.    B.Tiring.    C.Costly.    D.Risky.
27.Why did the author decide to send Spot and Stripe back to the zoo?
A.They frightened the children.    B.They became difficult to contain.
C.They annoyed the neighbours.   D.They started fighting each other.
15. 2021.6全国甲卷B篇Port Lympne Reserve, which runs a breeding(繁育) programme, has welcomed the arrival of a rare black rhino calf(犀牛幼崽）. When the tiny creature arrived on January 31, she became the 40th black rhino to be born at the reserve. And officials at Port Lympne were delighted with the new arrival, especially as black rhinos are known for being difficult to breed in captivity(圈养).
Paul Beer, head of rhino section at Port Lympne, said:“Obviously we're all absolutely delighted to welcome another calf to our black rhino family. She's healthy, strong and already eager to play and explore. Her mother, Solio, is a first-time mum and she is doing a fantastic job. It's still a little too cold for them to go out into the open, but as soon as the weather warms up, I have no doubt that the little one will be out and about exploring and playing every day.”
The adorable female calf is the second black rhino born this year at the reserve, but it is too early to tell if the calves will make good candidates to be returned to protected areas of the wild. The first rhino to be born at Port Lympne arrived on January 5 to first-time mother Kisima and weighed about 32kg. His mother, grandmother and great grandmother were all born at the reserve and still live there.
According to the World Wildlife Fund, the global black rhino population has dropped as low as 5500, giving the rhinos a “critically endangered” status.
4.Which of the following best describes the breeding programme?
A.Costly. B.Controversial. C.Ambitious. D.Successful.
5.What does Paul Beer say about the new-born rhino?
A.She loves staying with her mother. B.She dislikes outdoor activities.
C.She is in good condition. D. She is sensitive to heat.
6. What similar experience do Solio and Kisima have?
A.They had their first born in January.
B. They enjoyed exploring new places.
C.They lived with their grandmothers.
D.They were brought to the reserve young.
7. What can be inferred about Port Lympne Reserve?
A.The rhino section will be open to the public.
B.It aims to control the number of the animals.
C.It will continue to work with the World Wildlife Fund.
D.Some of its rhinos may be sent to the protected wild areas.
16. 2021.6全国乙卷B篇When almost everyone has a mobile phone, why are more than half of Australian homes still paying for a landline (座机).
These days you'd be hard pressed to find anyone in Australia over the age of 15 who doesn’t own a mobile phone. In fact plenty of younger kids have one in their pocket. Practically everyone can make and receive calls anywhere, anytime.
Still, 55 percent of Australians have a landline phone at home and only just over a quarter （29%） rely only on their smartphones, according to a survey (调查). Of those Australians who still have a landline, a third concede that it's not really necessary and they're keeping it as a security blanket — 19 percent say they never use it while a further 13 percent keep it in case of emergencies. I think my home falls into that category.
More than half of Australian homes are still choosing to stick with their home phone. Age is naturally a factor （因素）-only 58 percent of Generation Ys still use landlines now and then, compared to 84 percent of Baby Boomers who've perhaps had the same home number for 50 years. Age isn't the only factor; I'd say it's also to do with the makeup of your household.
Generation Xers with young families, like my wife and I, can still find it convenient to have a home phone rather than providing a mobile phone for every family member. That said, to be honest the only people who ever ring our home phone are our Baby Boomers parents, to the point where we play a game and guess who is calling before we pick up the phone （using Caller ID would take the fun out of it）.
How attached are you to your landline? How long until they go the way of gas street lamps and morning milk deliveries?
24. What does paragraph 2 mainly tell us about mobile phones?
A. Their target users. B. Their wide popularity.
C. Their major functions. D. Their complex design.
25. What does the underlined word "concede" in paragraph 3 mean?
A. Admit. B. Argue. C. Remember. D. Remark.
26. What can we say about Baby Boomers?
A. They like smartphone games. B. They enjoy guessing callers’ identity.
C. They keep using landline phones. D. They are attached to their family.
27. What can be inferred about the landline from the last paragraph?
A. It remains a family necessity. B. It will fall out of use some day.
C. It may increase daily expenses. D. It is as important as the gas light.
17. 2021.6浙江B篇We live in a town with three beaches. There are two parks less than 10 minutes' walk from home where neighbourhood children gather to play. However, what my children want to do after school is pick up a screen-any screen -and stare at it for hours. They are not alone. Today's children spend an average of four and a half hours a day looking at screens, split between watching television and using the Internet.
In the past few years, an increasing number of people and organisations have begun coming up with plans to counter this trend. A couple of years ago, film-maker David Bond realised that his children, then aged five and three, were attached to screens to the point where he was able to say "chocolate" into his three-year-old son's ear without getting a response. He realised that something needed to change, and, being a London media type, appointed himself "marketing director for Nature". He documented his journey as he set about treating nature as a brand to be marketed to young people. The result was Project Wild Thing, a film which charts the birth of the Wild Network a group of organisations with the common goal of getting children out into nature.
"Just five more minutes outdoors can make a difference," David Bond says. "There is a lot of really interesting evidence which seems to be suggesting that if children are inspired up to the age of seven, then being outdoors will be a habit for life." His own children have got into the habit of playing outside now: "We just send them out into the garden and tell them not to come back in for a while."
Summer is upon us. There is an amazing world out there, and it needs our children as much as they need it. Let us get them out and let them play.
24. What is the problem with the author's children?
A. They often annoy the neighbours.         B. They are tired of doing their homework.
C. They have no friends to play with         D. They stay in front of screens for too long.
25. How did David Bond advocate his idea?
A. By making a documentary film.           B. By organizing outdoor activities.
C. By advertising in London media.         D. By creating a network of friends.
26. Which of the following can replace the underlined word "charts" in paragraph 2
A. records         B. predicts       C. delays       D. confirms
27. What can be a suitable title for the text?
A. Let Children Have Fun                  B. Young Children Need More Free Tire
C. Market Nature to Children               D. David Bond: A Role Model for Children
18. 2021.1浙江B篇At the start of the 20th century, an American engineer named John Elfreth Watkins made predictions about life today. His predictions about slowing population growth, mobile phones and increasing height were close to the mark. But he was wrong in one prediction：that everybody would walk 10 miles a day.
Today, in Australia, most children on average fall 2,000 steps short of the physical
activity they need to avoid being overweight. In the early 1970s, 40 per cent of children walked to school, while in 2010, it was as low as 15 per cent.
The decline is not because we have all become lazy. Families are pressed for time, many with both parents working to pay for their house, often working hours not of their choosing,living in car-dependent neighborhoods with limited public transport.
The other side of the coin is equally a deprivation: for health and well-being, as well as lost opportunities(机会）for children to get to know their local surroundings. And for parents there are lost opportunities to walk and talk with their young scholar about their day.
Most parents will have eagerly asked their child about their day, only to meet with a ＂good”， quickly followed by "I'm hungry". This is also my experience as a mother. But somewhere over the daily walk more about my son's day comes out. I hear him making sense of friendship and its limits. This is the unexpected and rare parental opportunity to hear more.
Many primary schools support walking school-bus routes(路线），with days of regular, parent-accompanied walks. Doing just one of these a few times a week is better than nothing. It can be tough to begin and takes a little planning - running shoes by the front door, lunches made the night before, umbrellas on rainy days and hats on hot ones-but it's certainly worth trying.
24. Why does the author mention Watkins' predictions in the first paragraph?
A. To make comparisons. B. To introduce the topic.
C. To support her argument. D. To provide examples.
25.What has caused the decrease in Australian children's physical activity?
A. Plain laziness. B. Health problems.
C. Lack of time. D. Security concerns.
26. Why does the author find walking with her son worthwhile?
A. She can get relaxed after work. B. She can keep physically fit.
C. She can help with her son's study. D. She can know her son better.


二、答案与解析1. 2024.1浙江B篇 答案与解析【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。随着手机的普及，电话亭渐渐地被人们遗忘，作者家附近的最后一个电话亭被改造成了“迷你图书馆”，作者偶然发现那里有很多不错的免费书籍，这让作者觉得很棒。
24.答案：B
命题透析：词句猜测题。
思路点拨：根据第一段第五句“I was conducting auditions (试演) for my play in my tiny old shared house in London.”可知，此处是指使“我”的合租房看起来更“年轻专业”一点，所以it代指“合租房”。故选B。
25.答案：A
命题透析：细节理解题。
思路点拨：根据第二段第四句“So, I called Directory Assistance, got put through to our landlady’s managing agent, and had a spare key sent to me with just enough time to get back in before the actors arrived.”可知，作者在2006年使用电话亭是为了拨打紧急电话。故选A。
26.答案：B
命题透析：细节理解题。
思路点拨：根据第三段第二句“The last one standing has just been turn into a “mini community library”: any passer-by can “borrow” a book from its shelves return it later, or replace it with another title from their own collection.”可知，任何人都可以为“迷你社区图书馆”的捐赠图书。故选B。
27.答案：C
命题透析：细节理解题。
思路点拨：根据第四段最后四句“Then I noticed fork conducting spring cleans dropping boxes of voluminous books on various subjects there. And these books were free. This unbeatable price-point encouraged me to experiment with dozens of titles that I would never normally consider buying. And I’ve discovered some great books!”可知，作者发现“迷你图书馆”里有很多免费的很棒的书，所以开始使用。故选C。
2. 2023.6新高考1卷B篇 答案与解析【答案】4. C    5. D    6. B    7. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了John Todd从小就很爱思考且好学，他建造了一个生态机器，利用自然可以自我修复的原理来净化污水。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“When John Todd was a child, he loved to explore the woods around his house, observing how nature solved problems. A ditry stream, for example, often became clear after flowing through plants and along rocks where tiny creatures lived. When he got older, John started to wonder if this process could be used to clean up the messes people were making.(当约翰·托德还是个孩子的时候，他喜欢探索房子周围的树林，观察大自然是如何解决问题的。例如，一条肮脏的小溪流经植物和微小生物居住的岩石后，往往变得清澈。长大后，约翰开始思考这个过程是否可以用来清理人们制造的混乱)”以及第二段“After studying agriculture, medicine, and fisheries in college, John went back to observing nature and asking questions. Why can certain plants trap harmful bacteria (细菌)? Which kinds of fish can eat cancer-causing chemicals?(在大学学习了农业、医学和渔业之后，约翰又回到了观察自然和提出问题的生活中。为什么某些植物能捕获有害细菌？哪些鱼类会食用致癌化学物质？)”可知，约翰聪颖好学、好奇心很强。故选C。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“After a few weeks, John added the sludge.(几个星期后，约翰把污泥加了进去)”以及倒数第三段“He was amazed at the results. The plants and animals in the eco-machine took the sludge as food and began to eat it! Within weeks, it had all been digested, and all that was left was pure water.(他对结果感到惊讶。生态机器里的动植物把污泥当成了食物，开始吃起来！几周之内，它就被消化了，只剩下纯净水)”可知，约翰把污泥放进罐子里为了测试生态机器。故选D。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Over the years, John has taken on many big jobs. He developed a greenhouse-like facility that treated sewage (污水) from 1,600 homes in South Burlington. He also designed an eco-machine to clean canal water in Fuzhou, a city in southeast China.(这些年来，约翰承担了许多重大工作。他开发了一个类似温室的设施，可以处理来自南伯灵顿1600户家庭的污水。他还设计了一种生态机器来清洁中国东南部城市福州的运河水)”可推知，作者提到福州的目的是展示约翰想法的应用。故选B。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“You put organisms in new relationships and observe what’s happening. Then you let these new systems develop their own ways to self-repair.(你把生物体放在新的关系中，观察会发生什么。然后让这些新系统自行发展自我修复的方式)”可知，约翰工作的基础是自然可以自我修复。故选A。
3. 2023.6新高考2卷B篇 答案与解析【答案】4. D    5. C    6. A    7. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是记叙文。文章主要讲述了Abby Jaramillo等老师在低收入学校发起的培养学生科学能力，环保意识以及健康生活方式的Urban Sprouts花园项目，让学生通过体验乡村生活，对学生影响深远。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段的“And at first it is, says Abby Jaramillo, who with another teacher started Urban Sprouts, a school garden program at four low-income schools.(起初是这样的，艾比·哈拉米洛说，她和另一位老师在四所低收入学校启动了“Urban Sprouts”学校花园项目。)”可知，艾比·哈拉米洛是Urban Sprouts的发起者。故选D。
【5题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段的“she says. “They come to us thinking vegetables are awful, dirt is awful, insects are awful.” Though some are initially scared of the insects and turned off by the dirt, most are eager to try something new.(她说。“他们来找我们，认为蔬菜很可怕，泥土很可怕，昆虫也很可怕。”虽然有些人一开始害怕昆虫，对泥土感到厌烦，但大多数人都渴望尝试新的东西。)”可知，项目之初，一些学生不喜欢园艺工作。故选C。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“She adds that the program’s benefits go beyond nutrition. Some students get so interested in gardening that they bring home seeds to start their own vegetable gardens. Besides, working in the garden seems to have a calming effect on Jaramillo’s special education students, many of whom have emotional control issues. “They get outside,” she says, “and they feel successful.”(她补充说，该计划的好处不仅仅是营养。有些学生对园艺非常感兴趣，他们带回家种子开始自己的菜园。此外，在花园里工作似乎对Jaramillo的特殊教育学生有镇静作用，他们中的许多人都有情绪控制问题。“他们走了出去，”她说，“他们觉得成功。”)”可知，这个项目不仅给学生提供了有营养的食物，而且许多学生回家开创了自己的菜园，对有情绪控制问题的学生也起到了镇静作用，从而推知，该项目的影响是深远的。故选A。
【7题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段的“And at first it is, says Abby Jaramillo, who with another teacher started Urban Sprouts, a school garden program at four low-income schools. The program aims to help students develop science skills, environmental awareness, and healthy lifestyles.(起初是这样的，艾比·哈拉米洛说，她和另一位老师在四所低收入学校启动了“Urban Sprouts”学校花园项目。该项目旨在帮助学生培养科学技能、环保意识和健康的生活方式。)”以及下文内容可知，文章主要讲述了Abby Jaramillo等老师在低收入学校发起的培养学生科学能力，环保意识以及健康生活方式的Urban Sprouts花园项目，让学生体验乡村生活，对学生影响深远。因此推断B项“体验乡村生活”符合文意，最适合作为本文标题。故选B。
4. 2023.6全国甲卷B篇 答案与解析B篇是一篇记叙文，讲述了Terri Bolton自幼受祖父影响，热爱并擅长DIY的故事。文章提到DIY对Terri的生活带来的便利，如能够节省房屋租赁押金等，并指出当前DIY已经在人们中流行起来，特别是女性，人们愿意通过DIY提高居家舒适度和增加房屋价值。
【答案】4-7 CBAD
【4题详解】 词义猜测题。根据文章第一段画线短语下文“Skilled at putting up shelves and piecing together furniture, she never pays someone else to do a job she can do herself. (她擅长摆架子和拼接家具，从不付钱给别人做她自己能做的工作)”可推知，此处指Terri Boltonis是一位DIY高手。C项“A specialist (一位专业人员)”最接近画线短语“a dab hand”的意思。故选C。
【5题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第二段“She credits these skills to her late grandfather and builder Derek Lloyd. From the age of six, Terri, now 26, accompanied Derek to work during her school holidays. A day’s work was rewarded with £ 5 in pocket money. (她将这些技能归功于她已故的祖父兼建筑商Derek Lloyd。从六岁起，现年26岁的Terri就在学校放假期间陪Derek去上班。一天的工作得到了5英镑零花钱的奖励)”以及“It took weeks and is was backbreaking work, but I know he was proud of my skills. (这花了几个星期的时间，是一项艰苦的工作，但我知道他为我的技能感到骄傲)”可推知，Terri的祖父每天给她5英镑是作为对她的工作的鼓励。故选B。
【6题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第三段“So, it’s been useful to know how to cover up holes and repaint a room to avoid any charges when I’ve moved out. (所以，当我搬出去时，知道如何掩盖漏洞并重新粉刷房间以避免任何费用是很有用的)”可推知，Terri是通过粉饰房间，让它看起来像以前一样，来避免被扣除租房的押金的。故选A。
【7题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“Though DIY has traditionally been seen as male hobby, the research shows it is women now leading the charge. (尽管DIY传统上被视为男性的爱好，但研究表明现在是女性在引领这一潮流。)”可推知，DIY正在女性中间流行起来。故选D。
5. 2023.6全国乙卷B篇 答案与解析【答案】4. B    5. A    6. C    7. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者作为一名风景摄影师，在摄影途中发生的一些所见所闻。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。通过文章第二段“I tend to travel with a few of my friends to state parks or to the countryside to go on adventures and take photos along the way. (我倾向于和几个朋友一起去州立公园或乡村探险，沿途拍照)”可知，作为一名中西部的风景摄影师，作者应对挑战的方式是去乡村或州立公园拍摄。故选B。
【5题详解】
推理判断题。通过文章最后一段“Still, looking back on the photos, they are some of my best shots though they could have been so much better if I would have been prepared and managed my time wisely. (尽管如此，回顾这些照片，它们仍然是我最好的一些照片，尽管如果我能明智地准备和管理我的时间，它们本可以拍得更好)”可推知，作者认为，风景摄影成功的关键是适当的时间管理。故选A。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。通过文章最后一段“However, we did not mark the route (路线) so we ended up almost missing the sunset entirely. (然而，我们没有标出路线，所以我们几乎完全错过了日落)”可推知，作者在与朋友的魔鬼湖之旅中，到达拍摄地点的时间比预期的要晚。故选C。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。通过文章最后一段“Still, looking back on the photos, they are some of my best shots though they could have been so much better if I would have been prepared and managed my time wisely. (尽管如此，回顾这些照片，它们仍然是我最好的一些照片，尽管如果我能明智地准备和管理我的时间，它们本可以拍得更好)”可推知，作者认为自己在魔鬼湖拍摄的照片是令人满意的。故选B。
6. 2023.1浙江B篇 答案与解析【答案】24.B 25.A 26.D 27.C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者如何在家庭中过零浪费的生活方式。
【24 题详解】
词句猜测题。根据划线部分前文“Chances are that if you're looking to live a more sustainable lifestyle, no everyone around you will be ready to(如果你想过一种更可持续的生活方式,可能不是你周围的每个人都准备好)”及第二段中的“I've learned a few things along the way though, which I hope you'll find encouraging if you're doing your best to figure out how you can make the change in a not-always-supportive household.(在这过程中，我学到了一些东西，我希望如果你在一个不总是支持你的家庭中尽最大努力去弄清楚如何做出改变，你会感到鼓舞)”可知，如果你想过一种更可持续的生活方式，可能不是你周围的每个人都准备好加入这一运动。由此推知，划线词组 jump on that bandwagon 与 Join you in what you're doing.(加入你正在做的事情)意思接近。故选 B。
【25 题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段中的“A few days later, I came back with my first jars of zero waste groceries, and my dad commented on how silly it was for me to carry iars everywhere. It came off as a bit discouraging,(月天后，我带着第一罐零废物杂货回来了,我父亲评论说,我到处带着罐子是多么愚蠢。结果有点令人沮丧)”可推知，作者的父亲不赞成用罐子买食品杂货。故选A。
【26 题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段中的“Yet as the months of reducing waste continued, I did what I could that was within my own reach.(然而,随着减少浪费的几个月的持续,我尽了自己力所能及的努力)”及“Perhaps your household won't entirely make the switch, but you may have some control over your own personal spaces to make the changes you desire.(也许你的家庭不会完全改变，但你可以控制自己的个人空间，做出你想要的改变)可推知，作者是一个意志坚定的人。故选D。
【27 题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段中的“Chances are that if you're looking to live a more sustainable lifestyle, not every one around you will be ready to jump on that bandwagon.(如果你想过一种更可持续的生活方式，可能不是你周围的每个人都准备好加入这一运动)”及第二段中的“I’ve learned a few things along the way though which I hope you'll find encouraging if you're doing your best to figure out how you can make the change in a not-always-supportive household.(在这个过程中，我学到了一些东西，我希望如果你在一个不总是支持你的家庭中尽最大努力去弄清楚如何做出改变,你会感到鼓舞)”可知，文章主要讲述了作者如何在家庭中过零浪费的生活方式。故选C。
7. 2022.6新高考1卷B篇 答案与解析【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了我们日常生活中的食物浪费现象以及华盛顿DC中央厨房的首席执行官科廷为解决食物浪费而采取的努力。
【4题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段中的“Like most of us, I try to be mindful of food that goes to waste.(像我们大多数人一样，我努力关注那些被浪费的食物)”及“But as days passed, the arugula went bad. Even worse, I had unthinkingly bought way too much; could have made six salads with what I threw out.(但随着时间的推移，芝麻菜变坏了。更糟糕的是，我不假思索地买了太多东西；我扔掉的东西可以做六份沙拉)”可推知，作者想通过讲述芝麻菜的故事来表明我们有时会无意间浪费食物。故选B。
【5题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“Producing food that no one eats wastes the water, fuel, and other, resources used to grow it. That makes food waste an environmental problem. In fact, Royte writes, “if food waste were a country, it would be the third largest producer of greenhouse gases in the world.”(生产没人吃的食物会浪费用于种植食物的水、燃料和其他资源。这使得食物浪费成为一个环境问题。事实上，罗伊特写道，“如果食物浪费是一个国家，它将是世界上第三大温室气体排放国。”)”可知，根据文中的说法，浪费食物的一个后果是对环境的危害。故选B。
【6题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“Curtin is CEO of DC Central Kitchen in Washington. D.C., which recovers food and turns it into healthy meals. Last year it recovered more than 807,500 pounds of food by taking donations and collecting blemished (有瑕疵的) produce, that otherwise would have rotted in fields. And the strawberries? Volunteers will wash, cut, and freeze or dry them for use in meals down the road.(科廷是华盛顿DC中央厨房的首席执行官，该公司把食物复原，变成健康的食物。去年，该组织通过接受捐赠和收集有瑕疵的农产品，收回了超过807500磅的食物，否则这些农产品就会在地里腐烂。草莓呢？志愿者们将清洗、切割、冷冻或干燥它们，以便在路上的餐食中使用)”可知，科廷的公司用人们不想要的食物重新制作食物。故选D。
【7题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段中的““Everyone can play a part in reducing waste, whether by not purchasing more food than necessary in your weekly shopping or by asking restaurants to not include the side dish you won’t eat,” Curtin says.(“每个人都可以在减少浪费方面发挥作用，无论是在每周的购物中不购买不必要的食物，还是要求餐馆不包括你不吃的配菜，”科廷说)”可知，科廷建议人们只买需要的东西来避免浪费食物。故选A。
8. 2022.6新高考2卷B篇 答案与解析【答案】4. B    5. A    6. D    7. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者曾经是一名记者，在春节期间，作者给孙子拿了一本儿童读物，孙子却以为是平板电脑，不停地戳书。
【4题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第一段“We journalists live in a new age of storytelling, with many new multimedia tools. Many young people don’t even realize it’s new. For them, it’s just normal.”以及画线词后文“as I was sitting with my 2-year-old grandson on a sofa over the Spring Festival holiday.”可知，作者是记者，生活在一个讲故事的新时代，有许多新的多媒体工具。许多年轻人甚至没有意识到它是新的。对他们来说，这很正常。而这在春节假期，作者和两岁的孙子坐在沙发上，尤其清楚认识到了这一点。故画线词意思是“我很清楚”。故选B。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第五段中“He was actually a stranger to books. His father frequently amused the boy with a tablet computer which was loaded with colorful pictures that come alive when you poke them. He thought my storybook was like that.(事实上，他对书本并不熟悉。他的父亲经常用一台装有彩色图片的平板电脑逗他开心，当你戳它们的时候，这些图片就会变得栩栩如生。他认为我的故事书就是那样的)”可知，那孩子戳故事书是因为他把它当成了平板电脑。故选A。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第三段中“Well, I may be old, but I’m not hopelessly challenged, digitally speaking. I edit video and produce audio. I use mobile payment. I’ve even built websites. (我可能老了，但从数字角度来说，我还没有毫无希望的挑战。我编辑视频，制作音频。我用移动支付。我甚至建立了网站)”可知，作者认为自己懂数码技术。故选D。
【7题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“There’s one notable gap in my new-media experience, however: I’ve spent little time in front of a camera, since I have a face made for radio.(然而，在我的新媒体体验中有一个明显的差距：我很少在镜头前呆着，因为我的脸是为电台而生的)”可知，作者作为记者他很少上电视。故选B。
9. 2022.6全国甲卷B篇 答案与解析【答案】4. B    5. C    6. D    7. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一种会识别形状的凤头鹦鹉。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Though not known to use tools in the wild, the birds have proved skilful at tool use while kept in the cage. (虽然人们不知道这些鸟在野外会使用工具，但事实证明，它们在关在笼子里时就能熟练地使用工具)”以及“the birds were given five differently shaped “keys” to choose from. Inserting, the correct “keys” would let out the nut. (研究人员给了这些鸟5把形状各异的“钥匙”供它们选择。插入，正确的“钥匙”会让坚果出来)”可知，在实验中，凤头鹦鹉是通过使用工具从盒子里取出坚果的。故选B。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第二段“In humans, babies can put a round shape in a round hole from around one year of age (在人类身上，婴儿从一岁左右就可以把一个圆形的物品放进一个圆形的洞里)”结合选项，可知，一岁儿童最有可能完成“将一个球放进一个圆形的洞里”的任务。故选C。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。通过文章最后一段“The next step, according to the researchers, is to try and work out whether the cockatoos rely entirely on visual clues, or also use a sense of touch in making their shape selections. (根据研究人员的说法，下一步是尝试弄清楚凤头鹦鹉是完全依靠视觉线索，还是也使用触觉来选择它们的形状)”可推知，后续测试的目的是了解凤头鹦鹉在测试中是否使用触觉。故选D。
【7题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文，再结合文章第一段“Coffin’s cockatoos, a kind of small parrot native to Australasia, have been shown to have similar shape-recognition abilities to a human two-year-old. (科芬的凤头鹦鹉是一种原产于大洋洲的小鹦鹉，它的形状识别能力与两岁的人类相似)”可推知，本文主要介绍了会识别形状的凤头鹦鹉。D项“Cockatoos: Skilful Shape-Sorters (凤头鹦鹉：识别形状的熟练工)”符合文意，最适合作为本文标题。故选D。
10. 2022.6全国乙卷B篇 答案与解析【答案】4. A    5. D    6. C    7. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇书评。本文简要介绍了Dorothy Wickenden的书籍并对其进行了评价。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“In 1916, two girls of wealthy families, best friends from Auburn, N.Y.-Dorothy Woodruff and Rosamond Underwood -traveled to a settlement in the Rocky Mountains to teach in a one-room schoolhouse. (1916年，来自纽约奥本市的两个富裕家庭的女孩——Dorothy Woodruff和Rosamond Underwood——来到落基山脉的一个定居点，在一间只有一个房间的学校教书。)”可知，Dorothy和Rosamond去落基山脉是为了去学校里教书。故选A项。
【5题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段“They moved in with a local family, the Harrisons, and like them, had little privacy, rare baths, and a blanket of snow on their quilt when they woke up in the morning.(他们和一个当地家庭，哈里森一家一起搬进去，和他们一样，几乎没有隐私，很少洗澡，早上醒来时被子上覆盖着一层雪。)”以及“In spring, the snow was replaced by mud over ice.(在春天，雪被泥替代覆盖在冰上。)”可知，女孩们的生活条件非常艰苦，她们饱受磨难。故选D项。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“A hair-raising section concerns the building of the railroads, which entailed drilling through the Rockies, often in blinding snowstorms.(令人毛骨悚然的一段与铁路建设有关，这涉及到在令人眩目的暴风雪中钻穿落基山脉。)”可知，Wickenden的作品中涉及落基山脉的铁路建设这一部分是令人毛骨悚然的。故选C项。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“The book ends with Rosamond and Dorothy’s return to Auburn.(这本书以Rosamond和Dorothy回到奥本结束。)”以及最后一段“Wickenden is a very good storyteller. The sweep of the land and the stoicism of the people move her to some beautiful writing.( Wickenden是个很好的讲故事的人。大地的辽阔和人们的坚忍使她创作出了一些美丽的作品。)”可知，本文简要介绍了Wickenden的书籍内容，并对其进行了评价，所以文本是一篇书评。故选B项。
11. 2022.6浙江B篇 答案与解析【答案】4. A    5. D    6. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍的是世界各地的“小森林”的兴起。
【4题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段的“As he went on to share his concept with others, the idea soon took off in India and other countries before eventually reaching Europe, where it became popular in places like France, Belgium and the Netherlands.(随着他继续与他人分享他的概念，这个想法很快在印度和其他国家流行起来，最终传到了欧洲，在法国、比利时和荷兰等地流行起来。)”可知，“小森林”运动取得了显著的成功。故选A。
【5题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段的““We focus on urban areas where access to nature is often not that easy”, says Hartley. “We see it as a chance to try to break the growing disconnect between people and nature.”(哈特利说:“我们关注的是城市地区，在那里接触自然往往不那么容易。我们认为这是一个尝试打破人与自然之间日益疏远的机会。”)”可知，Hartley在英国领导的这个项目的目的是让人们接近自然，故选D。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段的“In a Tiny Forest, there must be a minimum of 600 trees, and the trees are planted much closer together and without chemicals or fertilisers (肥料).(在一个小森林里，必须有至少600棵树，树木种植得更紧密，没有化学品或化肥。)”可知，“小森林”里的树的特别之处在于它们种得很密。故选B。
12. 2022.1浙江B篇 答案与解析24.A
解析：细节分析题。B：原文的确出现过“earlier”这个词，但要注意逻辑关系。原文中说的是the age of steam开始的比the age of electricity早；而选项中说the age of electricity开始的比正确的想法早，故该选项错误。C：该选项关键在“little-studied”。原文第二段Klein确实说过“It is curious that no one...”但大家注意，这里说的是很少有人将蒸汽革命和电气革命放在一起研究，而不是单独研究the age of electricity，故该选项错误。D：蒸汽时代迟早会结束。Klein没有提到结束，无中生有。A：电气时代与蒸汽时代紧密相关。根据第一段最后“Yet properly understood, the age of electricity is merely the second stage in the age of steam”，即电气时代是蒸汽时代的第二阶段，我们可知二者自然有密切关系。故选A。
25.D
解析：推理判断题。首先要明确Ned是作者Klein为了写书叙事创造出来的人物，以Ned一生的视角叙述电气革命。由第三段故事从18世纪最后几年开始（The story begins in the last years of the 18th century）和第四段到19世纪（over the course of 19th century）可知，其叙事应该大部分都在19世纪，D选项mainly十分恰当。A：是Edison在纽约成功。B：没说Ned会写故事。C：没说Ned创立了电力公司。错选B或C的话犯了主观臆测的错误。
26.B
解析：推理判断题。第二段提到了The Power Makers这本书，接下来极几段都是在介绍书的内容或是叙述特点，可推测这是一篇书评，故选B。
13. 2021.6新高考1卷B篇 答案与解析【语篇类型】记叙文   【主题语境】人与社会--艺术(音乐)
【文章大意】本文记叙文。讲述为音乐家在演奏时“翻乐谱的人”这个角色，虽然这个角色不是很起眼，但是它需要音乐相关的背景知识和相当多的训练。
24.【答案】A
【解析】 细节理解题。 根据题干关键词“to be a page turner”定位到第一段最后一句“I'm not a trained musician, but I've learnt to read music so I can help Maria in her performance.” 我不是一个训练有素的音乐家，但我已经学会了阅读音乐，所以我可以帮助玛丽亚在她的表演。B项Play the piano 是 Titerton 妻子的工作，C项 Sing songs、D 项 Fix the instruments文章未提到。故选A。
25.【答案】C
【解析】推理判断题。根据第三段Titterton所说的 A lot of skills are needed for the job. You have to make sure you don't turn two pages at once and make sure you find the repeats in the music when you have to go back to the right spot 可知，Titterton 在舞台上所做的曲谱翻页人的工作需要一定的技巧才能完成:必须保证不一次性翻两页、必须保证遇到音乐中的重复片段时能翻到正确的页数。由此可推知，这是一份高要求的(demanding)工作。demanding adj.(of a piece of work) needing a lot of skill, patience, effort, etc... 故选C。
26.【答案】B
【解析】推理判断题。根据第四段中的 Being a page turner requires plenty of ... Silent onstage communication is key and each pianist has their own style of “nodding” to indicate a page tum which they need to practise with their page tumer 可知,每个钢琴家用来示意自己的曲谱翻页人进行翻页的“点头”方式各不相同，双方需要一定的磨合才能配合默契。由此可推知，Titterton需要识别这些“点头”示意动作(Recognizing the “nodding”)才能做好自己的工作。
27.【答案】D
【解析】推理判断题。根据最后一段中MsRaspopova评价自己的丈夫的话He's interested in the music, feeling every note, and I have to say:“Turn, turn!”可知，Titterton 在进行曲谱翻页时，经常沉浸在音乐中不能自拔，作为钢琴家的妻子还得不停地提醒他“翻页，翻页”。由此可知，Ms Raspopova之所以说她的丈夫是“一名糟糕的”曲谱翻阅人是因为后者常常在工作时忘记自己该做什么。值得注意的是，本段最后一句 Ms Raspopova 又对丈夫进行了与前述相反的评价 Robert is the best page tumer I've had in my entire life, worst与best的对比在文末传递了一丝幽默意味。故选D。
14. 2021.6新高考2卷B篇 答案与解析[语篇解读]这是一篇记叙文。讲述了作者为了保护两只老虎幼崽的存活，决定在家里全天候照顾它们。
24. A。直接信息题。根据题干定位到第一段中的Globally, a third of Sumatran cubs in zoos don't make it toadulthood, so I decided to give them round-the-clock care at home(在全球范围内，动物园里三分之一的苏门答腊老虎幼崽活不到成年，所以我决定在家里全天候照顾它们)，理解可知，作者把老虎幼崽带回家是为了确保他们的存活。故选A项。
25. A。词句猜测题。根据画线词上文As they grew moremobile, we let them move freely around the house during the day, but when wewere asleep we had to contain them in a large room, otherwise they’d ...（随着它们的活动越来越多，我们白天让它们在房子里自由活动，但当我们睡觉时，我们必须把它们关在一个大房间里，否则它们会……）以及后文We’dcome down in the morning to find they'd turned the room upside down, and leftit looking like a zoo（我们早上下楼时发现他们把房间弄得乱七八糟，让它看起来像个动物园）可知，作者不得不把老虎们关在一个大房间里，否则它们就会调皮捣蛋，表现不好。早上下楼时发现他们把房间弄得乱七八糟，看起来像个动物园。故画线词意思是“表现不好”。故选A项。
26. B。观点态度题。根据题干定位到第三段中Things quickly got very intense due to the hugeamount of energy required to look after them. There were some tough times and Ijust felt extremely tired（由于需要大量的精力来照顾它们，事情很快变得非常紧张。有一段艰难的日子，我只是觉得非常累），理解可知，作者认为在家里养小老虎累人。故选B项。
27.B。间接信息题。根据题干定位到倒数第二段中When Spot andStripe were four months old, they were learning how to open doors and jumpfences, and we knew it really was time for them to go（当Spot和Stripe四个月大的时候，他们正在学习如何开门和跳栅栏，我们知道是时候让他们离开了），理解可知，作者决定把Spot和Stripe送回动物园是因为他们变得难以控制。故选B项。
15. 2021.6全国甲卷B篇 答案与解析4.D推理判断题。根据首段最后一句“And officials at Port Lympne were delighted with the new arrival, especially as black rhinos are known for being difficult to breed in captivity(圈养).”可知，黑犀牛以难以圈养繁殖而闻名，再根据第三句“She became the 40th black rhino to be born at the reserve. ”可知，她成为保护区出生的第40只黑犀牛。由此推知，林普恩港保护区的繁殖计划非常成功，故选D。
5.C细节理解题。根据第二段第二句“She's healthy, strong and already eager to play and explore. ”可知，她健康，强壮，并且已经渴望玩耍和探索。换言之，这头新出生的黑犀牛幼崽状况良好。故选C。
6.A推理判断题。根据第一段第二句“When the tiny creature arrived on January 31”（当这只小犀牛于1月31日抵达保护区时）以及第二段第三句“Her mother, Solio, is a first-time mum ...”（她的母亲，索里奥，是第一次当妈妈）可知，索里奥是1月第一次当妈妈。再根据第三段第二句“The first rhino to be born at Port Lympne arrived on January 5 to first-time mother Kisima ...”可知，1月5日，在林普恩港出生的第一头犀牛来到了它的第一位母亲基西马身边，由此推断Solio和Kisima都是在一月首次产黑犀牛幼崽，故选A。
7.D推理判断题。根据第三段首句“The adorable female calf is the second black rhino born this year at the reserve, but it is too early to tell if the calves will make good candidates to be returned to protected areas of the wild. ”可知，这头可爱的雌性小犀牛是今年在保护区出生的第二头黑犀牛，但要判断这些小犀牛是否会成为返回野生保护区的好候选者还为时过早。由此推断，有些犀牛可能会被送到野生保护区。故选D。
16. 2021.6全国乙卷B篇 答案与解析24.B 推理判断题   综合本段信息，可知在澳大利亚15岁以上年轻人人人都有手机，甚至很多年轻一点的也都有自己的收集，所以随时随地可以联系自己或被别人找到。故判断手机使用范围很广。A选项侧重目标用户，B选项为手机的受欢迎程度，C项介绍手机功能，D项侧重手机复杂设计，故选B。
25.A 猜测词义题   划线词所在段落介绍关于使用landline的调查，该段第一句和第二句都在介绍调查的结果，A选项“承认”，B选项“辩论，主张”，C项“记住”，D项“评论”，因为划线词的主语是 a third（of those Australians who still have a landline），故判断词义为“告知某个关于自己的情况”，故选A。
26. C  推理判断题   根据第四段“Baby Boomers who've perhaps had the same home number for 50 years. ”可知Baby Boomers50年没有换电话号码，故判断他们一直使用座机。
27. B  推理判断题  最后一段中提到gas street lamps and morning milk deliveries这两个随着时代发展逐渐消失的现象，暗示作者认为总有一天座机也会步煤气灯和送牛奶后尘（go the way of gas street lamps and morning milk deliveries）而最终消失。
17. 2021.6浙江B篇 答案与解析24.D  细节理解题。根据第一段中的“what my children want to do after school is pick up a screen—any screen—and stare at it for hours.”可知，作者的孩子们放学后想做的第一件事就是拿起一个屏幕---任何一个屏幕---—盯着它看上几个小时。说明作者的孩子的问题是花在屏幕上的时间太多。故选D。
25.A  细节理解题。根据第二段中的“...being a London media type, appointed himself..., a film which charts the birth of the wild Network, a group of organizations with the common goal of petting children out into nature”可知，David是一个电影导演，利用媒体来向孩子们推销大自然，记录了自己的活动，并且拍成了一部电影Project wild Thing，由此可知他是通过制作纪录片的形式来倡导自己的想法的。故选A。
26.A 词义猜测题。根据第二段划线词前面的句子“He documented his journey as he set about treating nature a brand to be marketed to young people”可知其中的“documented”意为“记录”。因此，结合划线词后面的“the birth of the Wild Network ”可知，他的纪录片记录了一个组织的诞生，顾“charts”意为“记录”，故选A。
27.C  主旨大意题。作者通过回忆自己小时候在外面玩，以及现在自己的孩子花费在屏幕上时间太多，而不再出去玩了，过渡并叙述了很多人们意识到了这个问题，并且以电影导演 David Bond为例，拍摄纪录片，倡导让孩子们到户外，到大自然中去等，因此C项符合题意。
18. 2021.1浙江B篇 答案与解析[语篇导读]本文是一篇研究类论述文，论述了现代孩子的运动步数越来越少，分析了其原因和危害及父母多陪伴孩子走路上学的益处。
24。B。写作目的题。文章第一段借沃特金斯对未来生活的预测人每天都会走10英里是错误的引出话题：孩子走路步数越来越少。
25。C。结论判断题。由文章第三段可知，由于父母的种种原因导致时间紧迫而更依赖汽车交通工具，所以孩子们走路上学越来越少，be pressed for time对应lack of time。
26。D。观点态度题。由文章第五段But somewhere over the daily walk more about my son’s day comes out.I hear him making sense of friendship and its limits. This is the unexpectedand rare parental opportunity to hear more及第六段最后一句可知，通过和孩子一起散步，她可以更好的了解她的孩子的生活，有机会去了解孩子的对事物的理解，故选D项。