【读后续写】四大修辞策略妙用与仿写训练（1）：比喻

【读后续写】四大修辞策略妙用与仿写训练（1）：比喻
比喻是最常见的修辞手法，是以两种具有共同特征的事物或现象进行对比，从而更生动、更深刻地说明道理，增强语言的表现力。比喻分为明喻和暗喻。例如：
She is an angel.（暗喻）
She is as innocent as an angel.（明喻）
明喻
明喻直接表明本体和喻体的相似之处，常用的明喻标志词有：like, as, seem, as ... as, as if, as though, similar to等。
一、基本格式
本体+比喻词+喻体
例如：The USA is like a big melting pot where immigrants of different cultures or races form an integrated society.
The USA是本体，喻体是melting pot，比喻词是like，喻体和本体的相似之处都是拥有“包容”的特点。
二、句型赏析
1. Love is like the wind; you can’t see it but you can feel it.（情感描写）
爱如风，你看不见，但你能感受到它。
2. The house looks something like a castle.（景物描写）
那房子看上去有点像一座城堡。（something like ...“有点像……”）
3. Kyle looked at the test with a stare as blank as his notebook.（情景描写）
Kyle茫然地看着试卷，头脑如同笔记本一样的空白。
4. As in depths of many seas, my heart was drowned in memories.（情绪描写）
如同在大海深处，我的心里沉溺于回忆之中。
5. He moved like lightening before the police came.（动作描写）
还没等警察到来，他像闪电一样地跑了。
6. The smile on her face shone like a diamond.（情景描写）
她的笑容像宝石一样闪闪发光。
7. I couldn’t move my legs. It was as if they were stuck to the floor.（动作描写）
我的腿动不了，就好像被固定在地板上似的。
三、仿写训练
1. 这本书陪伴了我很久，就像我的一位老朋友似的。
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2. 我伸手去摸她的脸，发现她的脸像冰一样冰冷。
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3. 他感觉仿佛整个世界都崩塌了。
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4. 这趟公交车走得像蜗牛一样慢。
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5. 我感觉自己像漂浮在悲伤的海洋中。
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暗喻
暗语也叫隐喻，本体喻体都出现，中间常用喻词“是”等连接，有时不用喻词。
一、基本格式
暗喻的典型形式为：甲是乙。不用like, as等喻词。
例如：Money sometimes is a poison.
钱有时候是一种毒药。
二、句型赏析
1. Her hair was a flowing golden river streaming down her shoulders.（肖像描写）
她的头发像是一条流淌在她肩上的金色河流。
2. Life is an unexplored river full of twists and turns.（哲理）
生活是一条未被涉足的河流，有各种曲折。
3. I felt a lump in my throat, tearing welling up in my eyes.（情感描写）
我如鲠在喉，泪水湿润了眼眶。
4. A heavy silence blanketed the room.（环境描写）
整个房子沉浸在一片寂寞中。
5. The old man’s face is a map of time.（哲理）
老人的脸是岁月的写照。
三、仿写训练
1. 他看起来好像刚从我的童话书中走出来。
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2. 我妈妈就像冬天的外套，给我温暖。
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3. 风听起来像是火车驶过的轰鸣声。
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4. 生活是一艘在海上航行的船，既会遇到晴天，也会遇到暴风雨天。
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5. 笑是驱走人们脸上寒意的太阳。
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【参考答案】
明喻
三、仿写训练
1. The book has accompanied me for quite a long time like an old friend.
2. I reached out to touch her face, which was as cold as the ice.
3. He felt as if the whole world had fallen apart on him.
4. The bus went as slowly as a snail.
5. I feel like I am floating in an ocean of sadness.
暗喻
三、仿写训练
1. He looked as if he had just stepped out of my book of fairy tales.
2. My mother is like a coat in winter, offering warmth to me.
3. The wind sounded like a roar of a train passing by.
4. Life is a ship on the ocean meeting both sunny days and stormy days.
5. Laughter is the sun that drives winter from the human face.
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