2024英语寒假作业·高三年级 第1周 第2天

2024英语寒假作业·高三年级

第1周 第2天

【阅读基础】
A
Bioluminescence (生物荧光) is to California as the Aurora Borealis is to the Arctic. These events occur when single-celled organisms, known as dinoflagellates (甲藻), suddenly give off a kind of light after being disturbed. They’re most common in spring and into summer, especially during years with a combination of good rains and warm weather. Here are a few tips to help you witness bioluminescence:
Monitor Social Media
The first reports of a bioluminescence event are likely to show up on Instagram and Twitter, which are easily searchable. You can also set up a warning on Google that will round up news coverage.
Check With Aquariums
Such institutions as the Birch Aquarium in La Jolla, the Aquarium of the Pacific in Long Beach, and the Monterey Bay Aquarium in Monterey might post updates on their websites or social media feeds, especially if bioluminescence is happening locally.
Find a Dark Location
If bioluminescence is ongoing, try to find a stretch of coast that’s as far away from light as possible. Get out before the moon rises for the best conditions and some experts also suggest that two hours after sunset is a good bet. Give your eyes time to adjust and use your flashlight’s red light, which will keep your vision adjusted to the darkness.
Track Hotspots
The best displays can vary from night to night, so check again on social media for updates. The environmental website Treehugger named San Diego one of the world’s eight best places to see bioluminescence. Meanwhile, north of San Francisco at Point Reyes National Seashore, Tomales Bay is a dependable spot for bioluminescence and you can go out on guided trips with Blue Waters Kayaking.
1. What kind of condition is better for witnessing bioluminescence?
A. Hot dry weather.        B. Warm rainy weather.
C. Cold rainy weather.    D. Cold dry weather.
2. What should you stay away from when witnessing bioluminescence?
A. Water.    B. Sunset.    C. Darkness.    D. Light.
3. Where may be the best place to see bioluminescence?
A. In La Jolla.        B. In Long Beach.
C. In San Diego.        D. In San Francisco.
【重点词汇】
1. occur  v. __________    2. disturb  v. __________
3. combination  n. __________    4. witness  v. __________
5. coverage  n. __________    6. update  n. __________
7. stretch  n. __________    8. adjust  v. __________
【长难句翻译】
Give your eyes time to adjust and use your flashlight’s red light, which will keep your vision adjusted to the darkness.
_______________________________________________________________________________
B
People are often surprised by my fear of blood and needles. Working in a public health unit, I probably have more daily interaction with syringes (注射器) than the average person. But the truth is, having my blood drawn scares me.
When I was 9, I had an extremely high temperature. A nurse rudely stuck the needle into my arm, causing a sharp pain. I avoided having blood taken from my body for the next years. A few months before I turned 30, my doctor ordered a blood test as part of my physical exam. I panicked. Sensing my fear, she gently suggested I see a psychiatrist (精神科医生). “Dr. M helped my other patients with the same fear,” she said.
When Dr. M called to set up an appointment, I hesitated. Talking about personal problems to a medically licensed stranger was uncommon in my family. “A psychiatrist?” Mother asked. “He’ll just put you on drugs. Can’t you get over this yourself?” I almost listened. But I went to Dr. M’s clinic finally. “Phobias (恐惧症) are pretty easy to treat,” he said. I wasn’t convinced of his words. But despite my doubts, I was running out of options.
We started with basic exposure treatment. I watched videos of blood being drawn every day. As I started to feel more at ease with needles, Dr. M suggested drawing blood. As he gently pressed the needle into my flesh, I felt dizzy and breathed deeply. After a few minutes, I looked at the needle. It wasn’t so bad. I didn’t pass out. “You’re doing well,” Dr. M said.
I still find it unpleasant getting blood drawn, but thanks to several months of treatment, I’m less scared. I hate to admit it, but Dr. M is right — phobias can be treated. Sometimes, we have to leave our comfort zone and face our fears. And this can lead to freedom in the end.
4. What caused the author’s phobia?
A. Her sensitivity to pains.
B. Her bad medical experience.
C. Her anxiety about the blood test.
D. Her regular contact with syringes.
5. What was the author’s mother’s attitude toward her appointment with Dr. M?
A. Conservative.    B. Objective.
C. Supportive.    D. Disapproving.
6. What can we know about the author’s treatment?
A. It was smoother than expected.
B. It eased the author’s pain totally.
C. It centered on watching videos.
D. It cost the author a great deal of money.
7. Which can be a suitable title for the text?
A. Walk toward what scares us
B. Bravery brings us a happier life
C. Ups and downs make one strong
D. Nurse our mental health carefully
【重点词汇】
1. interaction  n. __________    2. average  adj. __________
3. panic  v. __________    4. appointment  n. __________
5. hesitate  v. __________    6. convince  v. __________
【长难句翻译】
But despite my doubts, I was running out of options.
_______________________________________________________________________________
完形填空
Marley Christian found a young koala, next to his dying mother. However, becoming motherless wasn’t his only   1  . The rescuer from Friends of the Koala also   2   he was missing a foot.
Marley did her best for Triumph, the koala. She used socks to   3   his stump (残肢), which helped ease the discomfort Triumph felt whenever he tried to put   4   on it, but Marley thought she couldn’t   5   there. She began searching the Internet for pet prostheses (假体). But for a koala, there was nothing   6  .” I was told it couldn’t be done,” Marley said.
Marley did find a company specializing in animal prostheses that would like to   7   the case, but they were unsuccessful after several   8  . Eventually Marley found the   9   right in her neighborhood. She mentioned Triumph’s trouble to her dental prosthetist Jon Doulman, and he   10   to find a way to make a prosthesis for Triumph.
“  11  , it’s different from tooth problems,” Jon said. “But it’s worth a try.” After making one
12   of Triumph’s stump, he created a pink rubber boot, which could help make Triumph’s
13   of movement return. “It’s a seemingly   14   thing. But the design of the dentist does change Triumph’s life. Once the boot was   15  , he did a little jump, and then ran around. I actually cried,” said Marley.
1. A. accident    B. misfortune    C. result    D. difference
2. A. suspected    B. wondered    C. concluded    D. noticed
3. A. cover    B. cure    C. warm    D. solidify
4. A. emphasis    B. hope    C. burden    D. weight
5. A. continue    B. leave    C. cease    D. stick
6. A. helpful    B. available    C. convenient    D. satisfactory
7. A. take on    B. figure out    C. seek for    D. look into
8. A. examinations    B. attempts    C. discussions    D. treatments
9. A. inspiration    B. support    C. response    D. solution
10. A. happened    B. agreed    C. volunteered    D. recommended
11. A. Naturally    B. Surprisingly    C. Thankfully    D. Strangely
12. A. example    B. model    C. issue    D. mark
13. A. preference    B. memory    C. freedom    D. intention
14. A. ordinary    B. touching    C. imperfect    D. unlikely
15. A. adjusted    B. completed    C. attached    D. confirmed

参考答案

A
本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了可以帮助我们更好地观看生物荧光现象的相关注意事项。
1. B 细节理解题。根据第一段倒数第二句“They’re most common in spring and into summer, especially during years with a combination of good rains and warm weather.”可知，生物荧光现象在春季和夏季最为常见，尤其是在雨季和温暖天气并存的年份。由此可知，温暖多雨的天气可以让人们更好地观看生物荧光现象。故选B。
2. D 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段第一句中的“try to find a stretch of coast that’s as far away from light as possible”可知，在观看生物荧光现象的时候要远离光源。故选D。
3. C 细节理解题。根据最后一段第二句“The environmental website Treehugger named San Diego one of the world’s eight best places to see bioluminescence.”可知，环保网站Treehugger将圣地亚哥列为世界上八大观看生物荧光现象的最佳地点之一。故选C。
【重点词汇】
1. occur  v. 发生；出现    2. disturb  v. 打扰；干扰
3. combination  n. 结合；联合    4. witness  v. 当场看到；目击
5. coverage  n. 新闻报道；覆盖范围    6. update  n. 最新报道；最新消息
7. stretch  n. 一段；伸展；舒展    8. adjust  v. 调整；调节；适应；习惯
【长难句翻译】
Give your eyes time to adjust and use your flashlight’s red light, which will keep your vision adjusted to the darkness.
给你的眼睛时间来调整并使用手电筒的红光，这将使你的视力适应黑暗。
B
本文是一篇记叙文。护士的不当操作使作者一直害怕抽血。直到将近30岁时，精神科医生的帮助让作者敢于走出舒适区，克服这种恐惧。
4. B 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“When I was 9... causing a sharp pain... the next years”可知，作者9岁发高烧就医时，一名护士很粗鲁地给作者打针，让她感到剧痛。因此，她得了恐惧症，一直害怕抽血。故选B。
5. D 观点态度题。根据第三段中的“He’ll just put you on drugs. Can’t you get over this yourself?”可知，作者的母亲认为精神科医生只会给作者进行药物治疗，她希望作者能自己克服这种恐惧。由此可知，母亲不赞成作者去看精神科医生。故选D。
6. A 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的“As he gently pressed the needle... I didn’t pass out”和“You’re doing well”可知，作者刚开始感觉眩晕，呼吸深沉，但几分钟后，她就可以直视注射针了，她感觉没那么糟糕，也没有昏迷，医生也觉得作者表现得很好。由此可知，作者的治疗进行得比预期的要顺利。故选A。
7. A 标题判断题。纵观全文，尤其是最后一段中“we have to leave our comfort zone and face our fears”可知，作者一直害怕抽血，后来听从医生的建议去看精神科医生，在精神科医生的帮助下，逐步走出舒适区，直面自己的恐惧。故A项作本文标题最佳。故选A。
【重点词汇】
1. interaction  n. 相互作用    2. average  adj. 平均的；普通的
3. panic  v. 惊慌失措    4. appointment  n. 预约；约定
5. hesitate  v. 犹豫；顾虑    6. convince  v. 使确信；使相信
【长难句翻译】
But despite my doubts, I was running out of options.
但是，尽管我心存疑虑，我还是别无选择。
完形填空
本文是一篇记叙文。小考拉Triumph不仅失去了妈妈，还少了一只脚。Marley Christian想要帮它寻找一只假足。在牙医Jon Doulman的帮助下，小考拉终于重获运动自由。
1. B 结合上文的“becoming motherless”和下文的“he was missing a foot”可知，失去妈妈并不是这只小考拉唯一的不幸，它还少了一只脚。accident“事故”；misfortune“厄运，不幸，不幸的事”；result“结果”；difference“不同，区别”。
2. D 根据语境可知，此处表示这位来自Friends of the Koala的救助者（即Marley Christian）还注意到小考拉少了一只脚。suspect“怀疑”；wonder“感到诧异，非常惊讶”；conclude“断定，推断出，得出结论”；notice“注意到，意识到”。
3. A 结合常识以及下文的“his stump (残肢), which helped ease the discomfort Triumph felt”可知，Marley给小考拉的残肢套上了袜子，这样能够帮助减轻它的不适感。cover“遮盖，遮蔽”；cure“治愈”；warm“（使）温暖，（使）暖和”；solidify“（使）变得坚定，变得稳固，巩固”。
4. D 小考拉少了一只脚，所以当那只残肢承重时它会感到不舒服。emphasis“强调，重视，重要性”；hope“希望”；burden“负担，重担”；weight“重量，分量”。
5. C 结合上文的“She used socks”和下文的“She began searching the Internet for pet prostheses (假体)”可知，尽管Marley已经帮助小考拉改善了状况，但她觉得自己不能止步于此，于是开始寻求进一步的帮助。continue“继续”；leave“离开”；cease“停止，终止”；stick“卡住，陷住”。
6. B 根据下文的“I was told it couldn’t be done”可知，Marley没有找到任何小考拉可以用的假体。helpful“有帮助的”；available“可用的，可获得的”；convenient“方便的”；satisfactory“令人满意的”。
7. A Marley的确找到了一家专门从事动物假体制作的公司，他们愿意接手这件事。take on“决定做，同意负责，承担（责任）”；figure out“弄懂，弄清楚，弄明白”；seek for“寻找”；look into“调查”。
8. B 这家公司尝试了几次后都没有成功。examination“检查，检验”；attempt“尝试，努力”；discussion“讨论”；treatment“治疗，疗法，诊治”。
9. D 根据下文的“he created a pink rubber boot, which...movement return”可知，最终Marley找到了解决办法。inspiration“灵感”；support“支持”；response“回应”；solution“解决办法”。
10. C 她顺便向牙医Jon Doulman提起了Triumph的情况，Jon主动提出要找到办法为Triumph做假足。happen“发生”；agree“同意”；volunteer“自愿（做某事），自告奋勇，自愿效劳”；recommend“推荐”。
11. A 根据语境可知，Jon知道为考拉做假足与制作假牙是不一样的，故Naturally符合语境。naturally“自然地，当然地”；surprisingly“令人惊讶地”；thankfully“感激地”；strangely“奇怪地”。
12. B Jon要为缺少一只脚的Triumph做假足，所以他应是先做了一个Triumph的残肢的模型。example“例子”；model“模型”；issue“议题”；mark“标记，记号”。
13. C 根据下文的“Once the boot ... little jump, and then ran around”可知，Jon做的粉色靴子能使Triumph重新拥有活动的自由。preference“偏爱，偏好”；memory“记忆”；freedom“自由”；intention“意图”。
14. D 结合上文可知，专业人士都没能为小考拉做一只合适的假足，但是牙医Jon却成功解决了小考拉的问题。这是一个看似不可能的事。ordinary“普通的，平常的，一般的，平凡的”；touching“感人的，动人的”；imperfect“有缺陷的，不完全的，不完美的”；unlikely“不大可能发生的”。
15. C 这只靴子一固定在Triumph的残肢上，它就跳了一下，然后四处跑了起来。注意：上文提到Triumph少了一只脚，所以这只靴子是通过某种方式固定在残肢上的，此处用attached一词最为合适。adjust“适应，使习惯；调整”；complete“完成”；attach“系，绑，固定，连接”；confirm“确认”。