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2024新高三·英语暑假作业
第5周 第5天
______月______日 星期__________ 姓名：__________
【外刊精读】
文章来自卫报
For Gen-Z job-seekers, TikTok is the new LinkedIn
Young job-seekers are different from their elders. They expect employers to be cuddlier, more forgiving and more generous with perks and pay cheques. The way they go about hunting for work is also distinct. Rather than relying on family and friends, a growing number of Americans are turning to TikTok in search of advice that will help them climb those all-important first steps up the career ladder.
Scrolling through their feeds on the short-video app they might come across a creator called Lauren Spearman. Ms Spearman uploads videos about “red-flag job postings” and “unreasonable job applications”. Or they might find Kennie Bukky, who shares her “salary journey” and hot tips for pay negotiations. If they scroll down further, sooner or later they are likely to happen upon Brittany Peatsch. She went viral after posting a video account of her own experience being laid off from Cloudflare, a software company, and now creates videos offering advice to others suffering through similar ordeals.
Videos like these, with the hashtag CareerTok, have had over 2bn views on the app. Their creators are a diverse bunch: people old enough to be former chief executives, 30-somethings recounting their own early career mistakes, the youngsters themselves. Many of those viewing the clips belong, like your guest columnist, to Generation Z. Given that this cohort, born between 1997 and 2012, will make up 27% of the workforce in the OECD club of mostly rich countries by 2025, social-media career counsel is likely only to grow in prominence.
One thing the success of career-related content on TikTok makes clear as day is that Gen-Zers desire transparency in the workplace. “I love that people are recording their lay-offs because it is exposing the people who are doing terrible lay-offs,” says Chris Williams, formerly in charge of human resources at Microsoft, a software giant, who is now a career adviser — and a content creator himself. Ms Spearman started posting videos on TikTok to document the difficulties she was having job-hunting. “There was a lack of salary transparency, I was set unreasonable tasks, I wasn’t getting any feedback,” she recalls. “In some instances, it was complete ghosting.”
Ms Spearman’s videos are designed primarily to encourage companies to do better. A surprising number respond — probably a reflection of the power of TikTok, but also a sign of workers’ expectations. After she posted a “red flag role” clip about Never Fully Dressed, the clothing firm replied to her and the job listing was updated to reflect her criticism. In the aftermath of Ms Peatsch’s viral lay-off video, Cloudflare’s chief executive, Matthew Prince, tweeted on X that the video was painful to watch. He added that the company was determined not to make similar mistakes in the future. Businesses have hired Ms Spearman to work on marketing campaigns. CareerTok stardom can, it seems, lead to a career beyond social media.
CareerTok gives the creators and viewers a sense of solidarity. More important, its roaring success and billions of views also give them strength in numbers. Ms Bukky, a black woman, hopes that her thoughts and experiences regarding pay negotiations make her viewers more confident in their own professional lives. TikTokers are, she says, forcing employers to ask themselves, “are we paying our employees properly and are we treating them fairly?”
CareerTok videos do not always get the same positive reception. Lay-off clips in particular have faced a backlash from certain quarters. Even if they do not admit to it, many older executives doubtless find them to be an expression of Gen-Z entitlement. On X, Candace Owens, a prominent right-wing commentator, called Ms Peatsch’s Cloudflare video “young and stupid”.
A bigger worry than grumpy managers and hectoring conservatives is potential legal liability. David Harmon, an employment lawyer, cautions creators to “be mindful”. It is all too easy to post something that runs afoul of non-disclosure and confidentiality agreements, securities laws or trade secrets, he says — valuable career advice in itself.
Neither the wrath of old fogeys nor fear of legal consequences is likely to stop venues like CareerTok becoming the site of a workplace struggle between the expectations of Gen-Z workers and their employers. The struggle is not going away, even if TikTok is banned in America. Young professionals will simply find another outlet.
一、请写出下列单词词义
1. cuddly ____________________ 2. perk ____________________
3. distinct ____________________ 4. scroll ____________________
5. hot tip ____________________ 6. negotiation ____________________
7. sooner or later ____________________ 8. ordeal ____________________
9. hashtag ____________________ 10. recount ____________________
11. cohort ____________________ 12. prominence ____________________
13. transparency ____________________ 14. feedback ____________________
15. aftermath ____________________ 16. campaign ____________________
17. stardom ____________________ 18. solidarity ____________________
19. roaring ____________________ 20. properly ____________________
21. reception ____________________ 22. backlash ____________________
23. entitlement ____________________ 24. commentator ____________________
25. grumpy ____________________ 26. hector ____________________
27. liability ____________________ 28. afoul ____________________
29. confidentiality ____________________ 30. wrath ___________________
31. fogey ____________________ 32. venue ____________________
33. outlet ____________________
二、用下列单词的正确形式填空。
distinct negotiation feedback campaign properly reception venue recount
1. Please try to give each piece of work some _______________.
2. You have to work a little harder before you can _______________ diagnosis the ills of your system.
3. The band will be playing at 20 different _______________ on their UK tour.
4. Philosophers did not use to make a _______________ between arts and science.
5. The _______________ is intended to educate the public to respect the environment.
6. She wanted a _______________. She couldn’t believe that I had got more votes than her.
7. He has managed to _______________ a 6% pay increase with the boss.
8. Pick up one of our free information sheets at _______________.
三、请翻译下列句子
1. Rather than relying on family and friends, a growing number of Americans are turning to TikTok in search of advice that will help them climb those all-important first steps up the career ladder.
2. He added that the company was determined not to make similar mistakes in the future.
3. The struggle is not going away, even if TikTok is banned in America.
参考答案
一、
1. cuddly 英/ ˈkʌd(ə)li /｜美/ ˈkʌdli /
adj. 令人想拥抱的；柔软而令人想搂抱的
2. perk 英/ pɜː(r)k /｜美/ pɜrk /
v. 振作；<口>过滤；（病后）复原；抬头
n. 津贴
3. distinct 英/ dɪˈstɪŋkt /｜美/ dɪˈstɪŋkt /
adj. 不同的；独特的；截然不同的；清楚的；明白的；明显的
4. scroll 英/ skrəʊl /｜美/ skroʊl /
v. 滚动；滚屏
n. 卷轴；（石刻或木雕的）涡卷形装饰
5. hot tip n. 最新内部消息；可靠情报或消息
6. negotiation 英/ nɪˌɡəʊʃiˈeɪʃ(ə)n /｜美/ nəˌɡoʊʃiˈeɪʃ(ə)n /
n. 谈判；协商；磋商
7. sooner or later na. 迟早；早晚
8. ordeal 英/ ɔː(r)ˈdiːl /｜美/ ɔrˈdil /
n. 折磨；磨难；煎熬；严酷的考验
9. hashtag 英/ hæʃtæɡ /｜美/ hæʃtæɡ /
n. 话题标签
10. recount 英/ rɪˈkaʊnt /｜美/ rɪˈkaʊnt /
v. <正式>叙述；重新计票；讲述；描述
n. 重新计票；重数
11. cohort 英/ ˈkəʊˌhɔː(r)t /｜美/ ˈkoʊˌhɔrt /
n. （有共同特点或举止类同的）一群人；同伙；支持者
12. prominence 英/ ˈprɒmɪnəns /｜美/ ˈprɑmɪnəns /
n. 突出；重要；卓越；出名
13. transparency 英/ trænsˈpærənsi /｜美/ trænsˈperənsi /
n. 透明度；透明性；幻灯片；透明正片
14. feedback 英/ ˈfiːdbæk /｜美/ ˈfidˌbæk /
n. 反馈；反馈意见；回授；【电子】反馈
15. aftermath 英/ ˈɑ:ftəmæθ /｜美/ ˈɑ:ftəmæθ /
n. 后果；余波；结果
16. campaign 英/ kæmˈpeɪn /｜美/ kæmˈpeɪn /
n. 战役；运动（为社会、商业或政治目的而进行的一系列有计划的活动）
v. 领导运动（如为实现政治变革或赢得竞选）
17. stardom 英/ ˈstɑː(r)dəm /｜美/ ˈstɑrdəm /
n. 明星的地位（或身份）
18. solidarity 英/ ˌsɒlɪˈdærəti /｜美/ ˌsɑlɪˈderəti /
n. 团结；齐心协力；同心同德；相互支持
19. roaring 英/ ˈrɔːrɪŋ /｜美/ ˈrɔrɪŋ /
n. 咆哮；【兽医】（马的）喘鸣症
adj. 咆哮的；呼啸的；轰鸣的；熊熊燃烧的
20. properly 英/ ˈprɒpə(r)li /｜美/ ˈprɑpərli /
adv. 正确地；适当地；恰当地；得体地
21. reception 英/ rɪˈsepʃ(ə)n /｜美/ rɪˈsepʃən /
n. 接待；招待会；欢迎；欢迎会
22. backlash 英/ ˈbæklæʃ /｜美/ ˈbækˌlæʃ /
n. （对社会变动等的）强烈抵制
v. 发生后冲
23. entitlement 英/ ɪnˈtaɪt(ə)lmənt /｜美/ ɪnˈtaɪt(ə)lmənt /
n. （拥有某物或做某事的）权利；有权得到的东西；应得的数额
24. commentator 英/ ˈkɒmənˌteɪtə(r) /｜美/ ˈkɑmənˌteɪtər /
n. （电视台、电台或报章的）评论员
25. grumpy 英/ ˈɡrʌmpi /｜美/ ˈɡrʌmpi /
adj. 脾气坏的；性情暴躁的
26. hector 英/ ˈhektə(r) /｜美/ ˈhektər /
n. 赫克托耳；虚张声势的人
v. 吓唬；威吓；欺负；（向……）虚张声势
27. liability 英/ laɪəˈbɪləti /｜美/ ˌlaɪəˈbɪləti /
n. 负债；债务；义务；惹麻烦的人（或事）
28. afoul 英/ əˈfaʊl /｜美/ əˈfaʊl /
adv. <美>碰撞；缠住
29. confidentiality 英/ ˌkɒnfɪdenʃiˈæləti /｜美/ ˌkɑnfɪdenʃiˈæləti /
n. 保密；机密性
30. wrath 英/ rɒθ /｜美/ ræθ /
n. <正式>愤怒；怒气；怒火；震怒
31. fogey 英/ ˈfəʊɡi /｜美/ ˈfoʊɡi /
n. 老顽固；守旧落伍的人
32. venue 英/ ˈvenjuː /｜美/ ˈvenˌju /
n. 场地；会场；（体育）场馆；集合地点
33. outlet 英/ ˈaʊtlet /｜美/ ˈaʊtˌlet /
n. 出口；（感情、思想、精力发泄的）出路；表现机会；专营店
二、
1. feedback 2. properly 3. venues 4. distinction 5. campaign
6. recount 7. negotiate 8. reception
三、
1. 越来越多的美国人不再仅仅依赖亲朋好友的介绍，而是转向TikTok寻求职场建议，来帮助他们迈出职业生涯重要的第一步。
2. 他还表示，公司决心未来不再犯类似的错误。
3. 即便TikTok在美国被禁止，这场斗争也不会就此结束。
参考译文：
年轻求职者与他们的前辈有所不同。他们希望雇主更加友好、宽容，以及在福利和薪资上更为慷慨。他们寻找工作的方法也与众不同。越来越多的美国人不再仅仅依赖亲朋好友的介绍，而是转向TikTok寻求职场建议，来帮助他们迈出职业生涯重要的第一步。
在刷短视频软件时，他们可能会刷到一个名为劳伦·斯皮尔曼的视频创作者。斯皮尔曼发布了关于“危险招聘启事”和“不合理的职位申请”的视频。他们也可能会刷到肯尼·布基，她分享了自己的“薪资历程”以及谈判薪资的实用技巧。如果他们继续往下刷，迟早会看到布列塔尼·皮特斯的视频。她因发布了一段自己在软件公司Cloudflare被裁员的经历而爆红，现在，她会制作视频为那些遭遇类似困境的人提供建议。
在TikTok平台上，这类带着#CareerTok标签的视频，播放量已经超过20亿次。视频创作者的群体来自各个年龄层：有资历深厚到足以成为前CEO的人士、也有分享自己早期职业失误的30来岁人士，还有年轻一代自己。许多观看这些短视频的人，与我们的客座专栏作者一样，都是Z世代的一员。考虑到这一代人（1997年至2012年出生）到2025年将在OECD国家（主要是富裕国家的国际组织）的劳动力中占据27%的比例，社交媒体上的职业建议可能会变得越来越重要。
TikTok上职场类内容的成功爆火，明显表明Z世代的年轻人希望工作场所能有更高的透明度。克里斯·威廉姆斯，曾是软件巨头微软的人力资源主管，现在是一名职业顾问及内容创作者，他表示：“我很欣赏人们记录自己被裁的过程，因为这暴露了那些进行恶劣裁员的公司。”斯皮尔曼开始着手在TikTok上发布视频，来记录她在求职时遇到的难题。她回忆说：“公司薪酬不够透明，要求我完成不合理的任务，也没有收到任何反馈。有些情况下，公司甚至完全不回复。”
斯皮尔曼发视频的主要目的是鼓励各家公司做的更好。意外的是，许多公司对此做出了回应——这可能是TikTok影响力的体现，同时也表明了求职者的期望。在她上传了一段关于Never Fully Dressed公司“危险职位”的视频后，该服装公司对她做出了回应，并且根据她的批评更新了招聘广告。皮特斯的裁员视频爆红后，Cloudflare的首席执行官马修·普林斯在X上发推表示，观看这段视频让人感到痛心。他还表示，公司决心未来不再犯类似的错误。有些企业聘请了斯皮尔曼参与市场推广活动。看来，在CareerTok中成名，似乎可以开启一个人在社交媒体之外的职业道路。
CareerTok为创作者和观看者提供了一种团结感。更为重要的是，视频的火爆热度和数亿次的观看次数也为他们提供了强大的支持力量。布基是一位黑人女性，她希望自己关于薪资谈判的想法和经历能让观众在各自的职业生涯中更加自信。她表示，这些TikTok创作者正在促使雇主扪心自问：“我们是否给员工提供了合理的薪酬？我们对待他们是否公平？”
带有CareerTok标签的视频并不是总会收到一致的正面评价。尤其是那些关于裁员的视频，在某些圈子里引起了强烈的反对。即便他们不愿意承认，许多资深的高层管理者无疑会将这些视频视为Z世代特权心态的体现。在X平台上，知名右翼评论家坎迪斯·欧文斯批评皮特斯关于Cloudflare公司的视频“年轻又愚蠢”。
相较于脾气暴躁的管理层和保守派人士的批评，更让人担心的是可能的法律责任问题。劳动法律师大卫·哈蒙提醒视频创作者们要“留心行事”。他表示，轻易发布的内容很可能触犯保密协议、证券法规或泄露商业秘密——这本身就是一条极具价值的职场忠告。
无论是老一辈的不满还是对法律责任的担忧，似乎都挡不住CareerTok这样的话题成为Z世代员工与雇主之间工作期望博弈的战场。即便TikTok在美国被禁止，这场斗争也不会就此结束。年轻职场人将会寻找新的发声渠道。
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