2024新高二·英语暑假作业 第3周 第3天

2024新高二·英语暑假作业

第3周 第3天

______月______日    星期__________    姓名：__________

【阅读训练】
一、阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Museum Day is here for one day and one day only — so you’ll need to hurry if you want to grasp the chance to get free Saturday admission to one of the hundreds of participating museums. The yearly event is hosted by Smithsonian magazine and involves museums and cultural institutions (机构) coming together to offer free admission for visitors who would otherwise have to pay for entry.
You just need an email address to get a ticket
To get a ticket, you’ll need to go to the Smithsonian magazine website and pick which museum you want to go to. You’ll be able to search to see which museums near you are participating, and from there you just have to put in your email address and name. After that, you can download your ticket and head out for some fun. Each Museum Day ticket is good for two people, so if you’re in a group larger than that, a few people might need to sign up.
A lot of museums are still feeling financial stress from the pandemic
The event is happening as museums are still struggling from the hits they took during the first few years of the pandemic. The American Alliance of Museums (AAM) estimated it will take years for museums to fully recover.
AAM president and CEO Aura Lots noted that federal relief helped remove the potential of closure that many institutions were facing, but “2021 proved to be another painful year in which operating in go me dropped further and attendance was down nearly 40% for many of our nation’s museums.” But there’s hope that a free day at the museums might stimulate following visits.
Free Admission to Participating Museums FIND A MUSEUM
1. What do we know about this year’s Museum Day?
A. Some cultural institutions contribute to it.
B. Visitors can get free tickets every Saturday.
C. More museums will participate than before.   
D. Smithsonian magazine hosts it to raise funds.
2. You can get a Museum Day ticket by _____.
A. writing an email
B. signing up on the Internet
C. visiting the nearest museum
D. downloading a Smithsonian magazine
3. How can Museum Day help participating museums?
A. Recover the financial loses.
B. Remove the potential of closure.
C. Increase the future attendance.
D. Improve the museum operation.
B
These days, videos of “diving grandpas” from north China’s Tianjin are popular on the Internet. In the videos, they jumped off the Shizilin Bridge into the 7-meter-deep Haihe River. However, on Wednesday, they announced that they would give up the sport.
With an average age of 60, the “diving grandpas” have much experience in diving. They started as a group of local diving lovers. They went swimming in the city’s rivers, and later they tried their hand at diving. The hobby has now lasted for more than thirty years.
Videos on the Internet have drawn lots of tourists from across the country to the Shizilin Bridge over the Haihe River, where “diving grandpas” perform diving. However, some inexperienced divers, trying to follow “diving grandpas”, have met with accidents and got themselves injured. Some of the grandpas have begun volunteering to keep order for the crowds that come to see the performance on the bridge. However, accidents still continued to happen. As reported, members of the Blue Sky Rescue team in Tianjin said that they rescued 14 people at the risk of drowning or other injury in just two days.
The grandpas then made a difficult decision. They stopped diving off the bridge. They also prevented inexperienced locals and children as well as tourists from diving from the bridge. The grandpas welcomed the tourists to Tianjin, especially pointing out the other great places of interest and delicious food around the Shizilin Bridge.
4. What can we learn from Paragraph 2?
A. The diving grandpas made a living by diving.
B. The diving grandpas came from all over China.
C. The diving grandpas made diving a life-long hobby.
D. The diving grandpas began diving when they were little.
5. What made the diving grandpas decide to stop diving off the bridge?
A. The weather became colder.
B. They were too old to carry out the task.
C. The bridge was too crowded with tourists.
D. They hoped to prevent accidents from happening.
6. Which of the following can best describe “diving grandpas” in Tianjin?
A. Kind and honest.
B. Energetic and warm-hearted.
C. Brave and talented.
D. Outgoing and optimistic.
7. What is the main idea of the passage?
A. Diving became a popular activity in Tianjin.
B. Diving without guidance may cause injury or death.
C. “Diving grandpas” helped speed up tourism in Tianjin.
D. “Diving grandpas” gave up diving for tourists’ safety.
C
Glass bottles have long conveyed (传递) a high-quality image for the wine they carry, but their carbon footprint is sizable. Fossil fuels are used to produce and recycle them. And when it comes to transport, they are also heavy and waste space.
But Packamama, an Australian packaging start up, has launched a range of flat wine-bottles, the first for the country, promoting them as an environment ally-friendly alternative to traditional glass. The bottles are made from 100 % recycled PET plastic. The slim, flat profile (外形) is 83% lighter, and allows twice as many bottles to fit into a standard case. “Australia is home to the two most significant successful wine packaging innovations of the last century. Bag-in-box and screw cap (螺旋瓶盖), both from the mid-1960s,” says Santiago Navarro, Packamama’s co-founder.
Three months after the first bottles hit the shelves, the data suggests flat-bottled wines are becoming popular with drinkers. Packamarna’s first production order was for 65,000 units, a figure that has risen to 90,000. The demand was so strong that they were sold out after the first production. Questions remain, however, about the flat-profile bottle’s suit ability for high-quality wines. The wine maker Nicole Esdaile, of Cent are Vineyard in Victoria’s Yarra Valley, applauds the move but says it is not a workable option for her business, given its focus on classic, collectible wines typically exported to China. “Critically, they are not suitable for storing wine, with the recommended shelf life being no more than two years. The bottles are perfect for quick ‘drink-now’ style.”
The wine maker Tom Wallace wants to see how flat-bottled wines perform over the years ahead. “The priority for us is the quality of the wine going in, so the packaging has to reflect that and allow those wines to mature (酿成) in the best way possible. We will wait and see how the trials and research go before we jump on board.”
8. What advantage do the flat wine-bottles have over glass bottles?
A. They can be recycled.
B. They offer zero carbon footprint.
C. They save space in transport.
D. They indicate good wine quality.
9. Why does Santiago Navarro mention the two innovations of the last century?
A. To express his pride in his country.
B. To explain his interest in innovations.
C. To show his confidence in his products.
D. To display his knowledge in packaging.
10. What is the weakness of the flat wine-bottles?
A. They have a short shelf life.
B. They are hard to produce in mass.
C. They fail to meet Chinese standards.
D. They are prohibited from being exported.
11. What does the underlined phrase “jump on board” mean in the last paragraph?
A. Ship bottled wines.
B. Use the new packaging.
C. Quicken the process of maturing.
D. Produce flat wine-bottles.
D
The Stanford marshmallow (棉花糖) test was originally conducted by psychologist Walter Mischel in the late 1960s. Children aged four to six at a nursery school were placed in a room. A single sugary treat, selected by the child, was placed on a table. Each child was told if they waited for 15 minutes before eating the treat, they would be given a second treat. Then they were left alone in the room. Follow-up studies with the children later in life showed a connection between an ability to wait long enough to obtain a second treat and various forms of success.
As adults we face a version of the marshmallow test every day. We’re not tempted by sugary treats, but by our computers, phones, and tablets — all the devices that connect us to the global delivery system for various types of information that do to us what marshmallows do to preschoolers.
We are tempted by sugary treats because our ancestors lived in a calorie-poor world, and our brains developed a response mechanism to these treats that reflected their value — a feeling of reward and satisfaction. But as we’ve reshaped the world around us, dramatically reducing the cost and effort involved in obtaining calories, we still have the same brains we had thousands of years ago, and this mismatch is at the heart of why so many of us struggle to resist tempting foods that we know we shouldn’t eat.
A similar process is at work in our response to information. Our formative environment as a species was information-poor, so our brains developed a mechanism that prized new information. But global connectivity has greatly changed our information environment. We are now ceaselessly bombarded (轰炸) with new information. Therefore, just as we need to be more thoughtful about our caloric consumption, we also need to be more thoughtful about our information consumption, resisting the temptation of the mental “junk food” in order to manage our time most effectively.
12. What did the children need to do to get a second treat in Mischel’s test?
A. Take an examination alone.
B. Share their treats with others.
C. Delay eating for fifteen minutes.
D. Show respect for the researchers.
13. According to Paragraph 3, there is a mismatch between_______.
A. the calorie-poor world and our good appetites
B. the shortage of sugar and our nutritional needs
C. the tempting foods and our efforts to keep fit
D. the rich food supply and our unchanged brains
14. What does the author suggest readers do?
A. Be selective information consumers.
B. Absorb new information readily.
C. Use diverse information sources.
D. Protect the information environment.
15. Which of the following is the best title for the text?
A. Eat Less, Read More
B. The Later, the Better
C. The Marshmallow Test for Grown-ups
D. The Bitter Truth about Early Humans
二、阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
How to Avoid an Internet Addiction
It may seem like everyone surfs the web these days. But if you can’t have interest in other aspects of your life because of the Internet, you may be on your way to an Internet addiction. You might fear you’re the only one who has experienced that feeling.   1   Luckily, there are some ways to avoid living your life in front of the computer.
2  
More and more people in the world are becoming addicted to the Internet, and you are not the only one with this problem. So do not be embarrassed. Just be brave to admit that you are on your way to an Internet addiction. And then find others with the same problem and help each other beat it.
Set aside limited time for computer use.
Make sure not to turn it on too many times a week. If you have a laptop, make sure to put it somewhere that you can remember but not somewhere that you see every day. Try keeping the lid closed when you are not using it.   3   If you have a desktop PC, try not to go near it or put something over it like a sheet.
Call people instead of sending instant messages or texts.
If you are free on weekends, call friends and ask them to go outside to do something you enjoy, like playing a sport. This will take your mind off the computer.   4  
Use an alarm clock or timer (计时器).
Before using your computer, decide on a time limit such as 30 minutes. Set the clock or timer and make sure that you get away from the computer when the time is up. Alternatively create a shutdown timer on your desktop.   5  
A. Being addicted to it is quite normal.
B. Admit you are at risk of an addiction.
C. The truth, though, is that it’s quite common to be an addict.
D. When the computer is not looking at you, you are less likely to use it.
E. This can be programmed to shut down your computer after the set time.
F. If you have a problem on weekdays, phone your friends or ask for help in person.
G. This will prevent you from using the Internet so often or going on to another page.

参考答案
一、
A
本文是一篇应用文。文章主要分为两个部分，第一部分介绍了“博物馆日”，希望大家踊跃报名参与；第二部分介绍了博物馆因为疫情所面临的财务压力，但作者对于“博物馆日”能够刺激未来参观人数增长抱有希望。
1. A 细节理解题。根据文章第一段“The yearly event is hosted by Smithsonian magazine and involves museums and cultural institutions (机构) coming together to offer free admission for visitors who would otherwise have to pay for entry.（一年一度的活动由Smithsonian杂志主办，博物馆和文化机构联合起来为那些需要付费的游客提供免费门票。）”可知，文化机构为今年的活动做出了贡献。故选A。
2. B 细节理解题。根据文章第二段标题“You just need an email address to get a ticket（你只需要一个电子邮件地址就能买到票。）”和最后一句“Each Museum Day ticket is good for two people, so if you’re in a group larger than that, a few people might need to sign up.（每张博物馆日的门票适合两人，所以如果你的团队人数超过两人，可能需要一些人报名。）”可知，一个人入场只需要用电子邮箱在网站注册即可入场，多人就需要在网上注册报名。故选B。
3. C 细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“But there’s hope that a free day at the museums might stimulate following visits.（但有希望的是，博物馆的免费日可能刺激后续的参观人数。）”可知，博物馆日对于提高未来的博物馆参观人数是大有帮助的。故选C。
B
这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了天津狮子林桥的跳水大爷们的跳水视频在网上火了后，游客争相模仿、意外频出，为了避免发生更多事故，大爷们不得不终止跳水活动并当起了志愿者，阻止游客进行跳水尝试。
4. C 细节理解题。根据第二段中“With an average age of 60, the ‘diving grandpas’ have much experience in diving. They started as a group of local diving lovers. They went swimming in the city’s rivers, and later they tried their hand at diving. The hobby has now lasted for more than thirty years.（这些平均年龄60岁的跳水爷爷在跳水方面经验丰富。他们最初是一群当地的跳水爱好者。他们去城市的河里游泳，后来又试着跳水。这个爱好已经持续了三十多年。）”可知，跳水大爷们把跳水发展成了终身爱好。故选C。
5. D 细节理解题。 根据第三段中“However, some inexperienced divers, trying to follow ‘diving grandpas’, have met with accidents and got themselves injured.（然而，一些缺乏经验的跳水员，试图跟随“跳水爷爷”，却遇到了事故，导致自己受伤。）”和第四段中“They stopped diving off the bridge. They also prevented inexperienced locals and children as well as tourists from diving from the bridge.（他们停止了从桥上跳水。他们还阻止了缺乏经验的当地人、儿童以及游客从桥上跳水。）”可知，跳水大爷们为了防止游客模仿发生意外而停止了跳水。故选D。
6. B 推理判断题。根据第二段中“They started as a group of local diving lovers.（他们最初是一群当地的跳水爱好者。）”可知，跳水爷爷们很有活力；根据第三段中“Some of the grandpas have begun volunteering to keep order for the crowds that come to see the performance on the bridge.（一些爷爷已经开始自愿为前来观看大桥表演的人群维持秩序。）”和第四段中“The grandpas welcomed the tourists to Tianjin, especially pointing out the other great places of interest and delicious food around the Shizilin Bridge.（爷爷们欢迎游客来到天津，特别指出狮子林大桥周围的其他名胜古迹和美食。）”可知，跳水爷爷非常热心肠，所以天津的跳水爷爷是充满活力和热心的。故选B。
7. D 主旨大意题。根据第一段“However, on Wednesday, they announced that they would give up the sport.（然而，在周三，他们宣布将放弃这项运动。）”和全文的主要内容可知，本文主要讲述了跳水大爷为了游客的安全放弃了跳水活动。故选D。
C
本文是一篇说明文.。文章主要讲的是澳大利亚一家包装初创企业Packamama推出了一系列扁平的酒瓶，这是该国首个扁平的酒瓶，宣传它们是传统玻璃的环保替代品。
8. C 细节理解题。根据第二段的“The slim, flat profile (外形) is 83% lighter, and allows twice as many bottles to fit into a standard case.（轻薄，平坦的外形轻83%，并能将两倍的瓶子装入一个标准的箱子里。）”可知，扁平的酒瓶比玻璃瓶的优点在于它们节省运输空间。故选C。
9. C 推理判断题。根据第二段的“But Packamama, an Australian packaging start up, has launched a range of flat wine-bottles, the first for the country, promoting them as an environment ally-friendly alternative to traditional glass.（但澳大利亚一家包装初创企业Packamama推出了一系列扁平的酒瓶，这是该国首个扁平的酒瓶，宣传它们是传统玻璃的环保替代品。）”和“Australia is home to the two most significant successful wine packaging innovations of the last century. Bag-in-box and screw cap (螺旋瓶盖), both from the mid-1960s（澳大利亚是20世纪两个最成功的葡萄酒包装创新的发源地。袋装盒和螺旋盖，都来自1960年代中期）”可知，Santiago Navarro提到20世纪的两项创新是为了显示他对产品的信心。故选C。
10. A 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段的“they are not suitable for storing wine, with the recommended shelf life being no more than two years.（它们不适合储存葡萄酒，建议保质期不超过两年。）”可知，扁平的酒瓶的缺点是它们的保质期很短。故选A。
11. B 词句猜测题。根据最后一段的“The priority for us is the quality of the wine going in, so the packaging has to reflect that and allow those wines to mature (酿成) in the best way possible.（对我们来说，最重要的是葡萄酒的质量，所以包装必须反映这一点，让葡萄酒以最好的方式成熟。）”可知，划线短语所在的句子表示“我们将在用这个新包装之前看看试验和研究的进展如何”，划线短语意为“使用新包装”，故选B。
D
本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了在信息化时代我们作为成年人每天都在面对棉花糖测试，信息轰炸让我们摄入了太多精神“垃圾食品”。
12. C 细节理解题。根据第一段“Each child was told if they waited for 15 minutes before eating the treat, they would be given a second treat.（每个孩子都被告知，如果他们在吃之前等待15分钟，他们将得到第二次奖励。）”可知，在米歇尔的测试中，孩子们需要在吃之前等待15分钟才能得到第二次奖励。故选C。
13. D 细节理解题。根据第三段“But as we’ve reshaped the world around us, dramatically reducing the cost and effort involved in obtaining calories, we still have the same brains we had thousands of years ago, and this mismatch is at the heart of why so many of us struggle to resist tempting foods that we know we shouldn’t eat.（但是，当我们重塑了我们周围的世界，大大减少了获取卡路里的成本和努力时，我们的大脑仍然和几千年前一样，这种不匹配是我们这么多人努力抵抗我们知道不应该吃的诱人食物的核心原因。）”可知，丰富的食物供应和我们不曾改变的大脑之间存在不匹配。故选D。
14. A 细节理解题。根据最后一段“Therefore, just as we need to be more thoughtful about our caloric consumption, we also need to be more thoughtful about our information consumption, resisting the temptation of the mental ‘junk food’ in order to manage our time most effectively.（因此，就像我们需要更仔细地考虑我们的热量消耗一样，我们也需要更仔细地考虑我们的信息消耗，抵制精神‘垃圾食品’的诱惑，以便最有效地管理我们的时间。）”可知，作者建议读者做有选择性的信息消费者。故选A。
15. C 标题概括题。根据第二段“As adults we face a version of the marshmallow test every day. We’re not tempted by sugary treats, but by our computers, phones, and tablets — all the devices that connect us to the global delivery system for various types of information that do to us what marshmallows do to preschoolers.（作为成年人，我们每天都要面对棉花糖测试。诱惑我们的不是甜食，而是我们的电脑、手机和平板电脑——所有这些将我们与全球信息传递系统连接起来的设备，它们对我们的作用就像棉花糖对学龄前儿童的作用一样。）”并结合全文可知，文章主要讲在信息化时代我们作为成年人每天都在面对棉花糖测试，信息轰炸让我们摄入了太多精神“垃圾食品”。由此可知，C项“成人棉花糖测试”最符合文章标题。故选C。
二、
本文是一篇说明文。文章主要就如何戒掉网瘾提出了一些建议。
1 C 根据上文“It may seem like everyone surfs the web these days. But if you can’t have interest in other aspects of your life because of the Internet, you may be on your way to an Internet addiction. You might fear you’re the only one who has experienced that feeling.（现在似乎每个人都上网。但是，如果你因为互联网而对生活的其他方面失去兴趣，你可能正在走向网瘾。你可能担心你是唯一一个有过这种感觉的人。）”以及后文“Luckily, there are some ways to avoid living your life in front of the computer.（幸运的是，有一些方法可以避免在电脑前生活。）”可知，设空处承接上下文，指出网瘾现象很常见，但是有办法去解决，故C选项“然而，事实是，网瘾是很常见的。”符合语境，故选C。
2. B 根据本段内容“More and more people in the world are becoming addicted to the Internet, and you are not the only one with this problem. So do not be embarrassed. Just be brave to admit that you are on your way to an Internet addiction. And then find others with the same problem and help each other beat it.（世界上越来越多的人沉迷于互联网，你不是唯一一个有这个问题的人。所以不要尴尬。只要勇敢地承认你正在走向网瘾。然后找到其他有同样问题的人，互相帮助。）”可知，本段给出的建议是承认自己有网瘾，B选项中Admit对应后文admit。故B选项“承认你有上瘾的危险。”符合语境，故选B。
3. D 根据上文“Make sure not to turn it on too many times a week. If you have a laptop, make sure to put it somewhere that you can remember but not somewhere that you see every day. Try keeping the lid closed when you are not using it.（确保一周不要开太多次。如果你有一台笔记本电脑，一定要把它放在一个你能记住的地方，而不是你每天都能看到的地方。不用的时候尽量把盖子盖上。）”以及后文“If you have a desktop PC, try not to go near it or put something over it like a sheet.（如果你有一台台式电脑，尽量不要靠近它，或者在上面盖上一些东西，比如床单。）”可知，本句承接上文，说明把电脑用盖子盖上的原因，故D选项“当电脑没有看着你的时候，你不太可能使用它。”符合语境，故选D。
4. F 根据上文“If you are free on weekends, call friends and ask them to go outside to do something you enjoy, like playing a sport. This will take your mind off the computer.（如果你周末有空，打电话给朋友，邀请他们出去做一些你喜欢的事情，比如做一项运动。这样你就不会再想电脑了。）”可知，本段给出的建议是通过和人社交来避免使用电脑。故F选项“如果你在工作日有问题，打电话给你的朋友或亲自寻求帮助。”符合语境，故选F。
5. E 根据上文“Before using your computer, decide on a time limit such as 30 minutes. Set the clock or timer and make sure that you get away from the computer when the time is up. Alternatively create a shutdown timer on your desktop.（在使用电脑之前，设定一个时间限制，比如30分钟。设置好闹钟或计时器，确保时间到的时候离开电脑。或者在桌面上创建一个关机定时器。）”可知，上文提到给电脑设置使用时间，本句为本段最后一句，故承接上文，说明设置时间的原因。故E选项“这可以编程为在设定的时间后关闭你的电脑。”符合语境，故选E。