2024新高三·英语暑假作业 第3周 第5天

2024新高三·英语暑假作业

第3周 第5天

______月______日    星期__________    姓名：__________

【外刊精读】
文章来自卫报
The Guardian view on the climate emergency: we cannot afford to despair
First, the good news. We understand the problem: almost two-thirds of people worldwide believe the climate crisis is an emergency. We know what needs to be done, and should be confident that we will be able to achieve it, thanks to the rapid advance of renewable technologies. Collectively, we can also muster the money to do it.
The scale and speed of global heating make it hard to hang on to these facts. But it is also why we must focus on them rather than throwing up our hands. New research by the Guardian has found that hundreds of the world’s top climate scientists believe global temperatures will rise by at least 2.5C above pre-industrial levels by the century’s end, far above the internationally agreed limit. Only 6% of those surveyed, all from the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, thought that the 1.5C target could be met.
We are already seeing soaring temperatures. The European Union’s climate monitoring service says that every month since last June has broken temperature records. And we are already living with – and dying from – the early consequences: deadly floods, wildfires, droughts, heatwaves and an increased risk of new diseases. These will intensify in coming years, spurring social conflicts and displacing huge numbers of people. They will punish poorer nations above all – experts warn of a “semi-dystopian future” for the global south – which helps to explain why richer nations have been slow to act. But they will not be contained there.
This picture of the future can feel overwhelming and unfixable, encouraging people to tune out or accept the worst. For many of the scientists surveyed by the Guardian, those feelings are magnified. Having invested so much in understanding, measuring and informing people about the problem, they find it incomprehensible that so little has been done to tackle the causes and prepare for the consequences. They feel hopeless and infuriated when faced by the failure of governments to act, and the determination of vested corporate interests to block change. Tweaking personal behaviour is not sufficient: systemic change is required.
It is true that what citizens support in theory and what they actually vote for do not always align. Tackling global heating will be cheaper than trying to live with it, but the costs are upfront and the rewards long term – certainly longer than electoral cycles. But politicians have mostly failed to make the case for change, and some experts believe that they often lag behind voters. If you want to make a difference, they say, back leaders who prioritise the climate crisis. A year with so many major elections around the globe offers a critical opportunity.
Scientists also noted that young people care more about the crisis and appear more willing to make lifestyle changes to address it. And in moments of despair, said one expert, Henri Waisman, two things help: “Remembering how much progress has happened since I started to work on the topic in 2005 and that every tenth of a degree matters a lot – this means it is still useful to continue the fight.”
It is not only useful; it is essential. Individual actions can seem futile given the magnitude of the task. But they can also build collective awareness, a sense that change is possible and momentum for wider systemic progress. Just as climate tipping points exist, so do social tipping points. It is imperative to hit the latter as fast as we possibly can.

一、请写出下列单词词义
1. renewable ____________________     2. muster ____________________
3. hang on ____________________     
4. throw up one’s hands ____________________
5. monitor ____________________     6. intensify ____________________
7. spur ____________________     8. dystopian ____________________
9. unfixable ____________________     10. tune out ____________________
11. magnify____________________     12. infuriated____________________
13. align ____________________     
14. make a difference ____________________
15. despair ____________________     16. futile ____________________
17. magnitude ____________________     18. tipping point ____________________
19. imperative   ____________________
二、用下列单词的正确形式填空
renewable   hang on   monitor   intensify   tune out   make a difference   despair  
1. I made for the life raft and _______________ for dear life.
2. As the students listen, their physiological reactions are being _______________.
3. When she started talking about her job, he just _______________.
4. The rain didn’t _______________ to the game.
5. He gave up the struggle in _______________.
6. I bit hard into my shirt as the pain _______________.
7. 99% of its electricity is generated from _______________ resources.
三、请翻译下列句子
1. We know what needs to be done, and should be confident that we will be able to achieve it, thanks to the rapid advance of renewable technologies.

2. New research by the Guardian has found that hundreds of the world’s top climate scientists believe global temperatures will rise by at least 2.5C above pre-industrial levels by the century’s end, far above the internationally agreed limit.

3. Having invested so much in understanding, measuring and informing people about the problem, they find it incomprehensible that so little has been done to tackle the causes and prepare for the consequences.

参考答案
一、
1. renewable  英 [rɪˈnjuːəb(ə)l]｜美 [rɪˈnuəb(ə)l]
adj. 可更新的；可再生的；可恢复的；可延长有效期的
2. muster  英 [ˈmʌstə(r)]｜美 [ˈmʌstər]
v. 集合；找寻；赶拢（牛、羊）
n. 聚集的人群；（尤指）集结的兵力
3. hang on
v. 坚守；守住；坚持；支撑着
4. throw up one’s hands  绝望地放弃
If someone throws up their hands, they express their anger, frustration, or disgust when a situation becomes so bad that they can no longer accept it.
5. monitor  英 [ˈmɒnitə]｜美 [ˈmɒnədər]
v. 监控；监视；监听；检查
n. 班长；监测仪；屏幕；显示屏
6. intensify  英 [ɪnˈtensɪfaɪ]｜美 [ɪnˈtensɪˌfaɪ]
v. 加剧
7. spur  英 [spɜː(r)]｜美 [spɜr]
v. 刺激；激励；促进；鞭策
n. 刺激；激励；鞭策；靴刺
8. dystopian  n. 反乌托邦
9. unfixable  英 [ʌn'fɪksəbl]｜美 [ʌn'fɪksəbl]
adj. 不可被固定的；无法解决的
10. tune out 〈美〉无视；调准收音机使无(杂音)；解谐
11. magnify  英 [ˈmæɡnɪfaɪ]｜美 [ˈmæɡnəˌfaɪ]
v. 放大；扩大；增强；夸大（重要性或严重性）
12. infuriated  英 [ˈɪnfjʊərieɪtɪd]｜美 [ˈɪnfjʊriˌeɪtəd]
adj. 激怒的；十分生气的；触怒
v. “infuriate”的过去分词和过去式
13. align  英 [ə'laɪn]｜美 [əˈlaɪn]
v. 排列整齐；使对齐；（尤指）成一直线；使一致
14. make a difference  发生差别；使……有差别；(结果等)是重要的
15. despair  英 [dɪˈspeə(r)]｜美 [dɪˈsper]
v. 绝望；失去希望；丧失信心
n. 绝望
16. futile  英 [ˈfjuːtaɪl]｜美 [ˈfjut(ə)l]
adj. 徒然的；徒劳的；无效的
17. magnitude  英 [ˈmæɡnɪtjuːd]｜美 [ˈmæɡnəˌtud]
n. 震级；巨大；重大；重要性
18. tipping point
n. 临界点；转折点；卸载点
19. imperative  英 [ɪm'perətɪv]｜美 [ɪmˈperətɪv]
adj. 重要紧急的；迫切的；急需处理的；表示权威的
n. 重要紧急的事；必要的事；祈使语气；祈使语气动词
二、
1. hung on    2. monitored    3. tuned out     4. make a difference     5. despair6. intensified    7. renewable   
三、
1. 我们清楚需要采取什么措施，得益于可再生能源技术的飞速进步，我们应该对实现这些目标充满信心。
2. 《卫报》的最新研究显示，许多顶尖气候科学家相信，到本世纪结束，全球气温将至少比工业化前的水平上升2.5摄氏度，这一数字远超过国际社会所公认的上限。
3. 他们投入了大量精力去理解、衡量气候问题并传达给公众，却难以接受迄今为止采取的行动如此之少，未能从根本上解决问题并为其后果做好准备。
参考译文：
首先报告一则令人振奋的消息。我们已经意识到了问题的严重性：全球有近三分之二的人认为，气候危机已经到了刻不容缓的地步。我们清楚需要采取什么措施，得益于可再生能源技术的飞速进步，我们应该对实现这些目标充满信心。我们也有能力共同筹集到实施这些措施所需的资金。
全球变暖的幅度和速度让我们难以坚持认识到这些事实。然而，正因为如此，我们更应该集中注意力去面对这些问题，而不是无所作为。《卫报》的最新研究显示，许多顶尖气候科学家相信，到本世纪结束，全球气温将至少比工业化前的水平上升2.5摄氏度，这一数字远超过国际社会所公认的上限。在所有参与调查的政府间气候变化专门委员会的科学家中，只有6%认为能够实现将全球升温控制在1.5摄氏度以内的目标。
我们已经感受到了气温的飙升。欧盟的气候监测服务机构指出，自去年六月以来，每个月的气温都刷新了历史记录。我们已经在生活中承受着这些气候变化带来的初期后果，甚至有人因此丧生：致命的洪水、野火、干旱、热浪，以及新发疾病风险的增加。这些灾害在未来几年将会变得更加严重，引发社会冲突并导致大量人员流离失所。尤其是对于那些较为贫穷的国家，这些灾难的打击是最为严重的——专家们警告，对于全球南部地区来说，这是一个“半反乌托邦”的未来——这也在一定程度上解释了为什么富裕国家在采取行动上显得滞后。然而，这些问题不会仅仅局限于这些地区。
这种对未来的描述，可能会让人感觉到不知所措，似乎无法挽回，从而导致人们选择回避或是接受最糟糕的结果。对于接受《卫报》调查的众多科学家来说，这种感觉被进一步放大了。他们投入了大量精力去理解、衡量气候问题并传达给公众，却难以接受迄今为止采取的行动如此之少，未能从根本上解决问题并为其后果做好准备。面对政府的不作为，以及既得利益团体阻碍环境改革的决心，他们感到无助和愤怒。简单调整个人行为是远远不够的：我们需要的是系统性的变革。
确实，公民在理论上所支持的以及他们实际通过投票所支持的并不总是十分吻合。采取措施应对全球变暖将比忍受其带来的影响更为经济，但是成本需要预先支付，而回报则是长远的——显然会超出选举周期的时间范围。但是，政治家们大多数情况下未能有效地提出变革的理由，一些专家认为他们往往落后于选民。他们表示，如果你想真正带来改变，就应该支持那些将气候危机置于首位的领导者。在全球范围内有这么多重要选举的一年，这是一个至关重要的契机。
科学家们还观察到，年轻人对气候危机更为关注，并且看起来更愿意为了解决问题而改变他们的生活方式。专家亨利·韦斯曼在谈到面对绝望时表示，提到了两个给他带来帮助的事情：“回想自我2005年开始从事这一领域工作以来所取得的巨大进步，以及每升高十分之一摄氏度都极为重要——这表明继续奋斗是有价值的。”
采取措施应对气候变化不仅仅有用；而且必不可少。面对如此庞大的任务，个人行动可能看似微不足道。但个人的努力同样能够培养集体意识，让人们认识到变革是可能的，为更广泛的系统性进步提供动力。就像气候存在转折点一样，社会变革也有转折点。我们必须尽我们所能，迅速触及这些社会变革的临界点。