2024新高三·英语暑假作业 第4周 第3天

2024新高三·英语暑假作业

第4周 第3天

______月______日    星期__________    姓名：__________

【阅读训练】
一、阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
The Seychelles — that remote island chain off the coast of northern Africa is heaven for scuba divers (水肺潜水). With more than 100 islands, most of which are uninhabited, and a relatively small amount of tourists impacting the oceans and beaches, the Seychelles has some truly best scuba diving.
Fisherman’s Cove Reef
If you’re a beginner diver who loves gentle drop-offs and sea turtles, make sure Fisherman’s Cove Reef is on your scuba diving radar. The site is very popular as there’s rarely a current. It’s very shallow, and has a colorful reef with everything from eagle rays to small leaf fish, which can be very difficult to find against the seagrass and coral.
Ennerdale Wreck
If you love wreck diving, head right for the Ennerdale, a British oil tanker that accidentally sunk in 1970. Because of the medium-to-strong current and depth, it’s for divers with advanced open water cert. They’ll be able to swim around the wreck’s propellers, penetrate the frame, and likely see reef sharks and the occasional bull shark.
Baie Ternay Marine Park
The shallow, protected area of ocean has healthy and varied coral, and a lively reef. Both snorkelers and beginner divers are likely to see sea turtles grazing on the seagrass, coaching reef fish, and small eels poking out of the sandy ocean floor.
Aldabra Atoll
It doesn’t get much more remote than the Aldabra Atoll, a UNESCO site. The coral reef continues underwater, which makes all the island’s dive sites stunning. Advanced divers can do drift dives in a channel with a chance of seeing sharks, while beginners can stay closer to the reefs, checking the various species of marine life in the Indian Ocean off their must-see list. The island is home to nearly 100,000 giant tortoises, as well as several other rare species.
21. Why is the Seychelles known as heaven for scuba divers?
A. Its close distance to northern Africa.   
B. The high chance to spot the fish in the region.
C. Its relatively small number of inhabited islands.   
D. The effect of the oceans and beaches on tourism.
22. What makes Ennerdale Wreck appealing to divers?
A. The chance to see a sunken ship under the ocean.   
B. The numerous sharks and large marine creatures.
C. Its remote location away from the main islands.   
D. Its attraction to both snorkelers and divers.
23. Which place is suitable for both beginners and advanced divers?
A. Aldabra Atoll.    B. Ennerdale Wreck.
C. Fisherman’s Cove Reef.    D. Baie Ternay Marine Park.
B
It’s difficult to hope sometimes but there are still a few instances telling us that something better awaits us whether we choose to hold on to it or not. Annie, a 19-year-old black Labrador, was given around a month to live when she was placed for adoption in June 2022. Annie’s former owner had given up hope and sent her to a shelter house in Texas because she wouldn’t eat or drink.
Once Siler, 31, discovered Annie’s photo, she knew she had to help. Instead of a month or two, Annie was adopted by Siler and her roommate, Lisa, for an entire year. Siler knew what it took to care for an elderly dog because she had recently lost her own dog, whom she had since college. Siler shared, “I felt mentally and emotionally prepared to take on a dog that wasn’t going to have long.” Siler described Annie as an easygoing dog. Her favorite pastimes included opening mail and sitting outside, watching people and cars pass by, earning her the nickname “nosy neighbour.”
“People kept telling us she was having so much fun and enjoying life and that kept her going, and I hope that was the case. Annie lived almost exactly a year after being adopted by Siler and Lisa. Annie had the life we pray every senior dog we rescue gets to experience. Annie didn’t just live out this past year; she flowered. Annie had an ill stomach. Surgical operation was her only option and that was never something we would put Annie through. Collectively, we made the hardest decision for us but kindest for Annie.” Siler kept in her diary.
“I can’t help but think that Annie would be so proud. She was one special dog whose story will live on through those who adopt seniors. She left a giant, giant hole in my heart ... but times, where everyone who loved her can come together in her honor, will help start mending my broken heart.” Siler wrote in her post.
24. Why was Annie placed for adoption in June 2022?
A. Because she was too old for her owner to care for.
B. Because her owner had given up hope for her refusal to eat or drink.
C. Because Annie’s owner was moving and couldn’t take her along.
D. Because she had a medical condition that required extensive care.
25. What motivated Siler to adopt Annie?
A. Siler wanted a guard dog for her house.
B. Siler’s roommate insisted on adopting a dog.
C. Siler was an advocate for senior dog adoption.
D. Siler sought company after losing her previous dog.
26. What did people say about Annie’s life after adoption?
A. She experienced enormous joy.    B. She was miserable and lonely.
C. She was constantly sick and in pain.    D. She didn’t interact with people or other dogs.
27. What did Siler hope for in terms of Annie’s story?
A. Annie’s story would be forgotten easily.
B. Annie’s story would encourage seniors to hunt.
C. Annie’s story would inspire senior dog adoption.
D. Annie’s story would only be remembered for its sadness.
C
On September 7, 1991, the costliest hailstorm (雹暴) in Canadian history hit Calgary’s southern suburbs. As a result, since 1996 a group of insurance companies have spent about $2 million per year on the Alberta Hail Suppression Project. Airplanes seed threatening storm cells with a chemical to make small ice crystals fall as rain before they can grow into dangerous hailstones. But farmers in east-central Alberta — downwind of the hail project flights — worry that precious moisture (水分) is being stolen from their thirsty land by the cloud seeding.
Norman Stienwand, who farms in that area, has been addressing public meetings on this issue for years. “Basically, the provincial government is letting the insurance companies protect the Calgary-Edmonton urban area from hail,” Mr. Stienwand says, “but they’re increasing drought risk as far east as Saskatchewan.”
The Alberta hail project is managed by Terry Krauss, a cloud physicist who works for Weather Modification Inc. of Fargo, North Dakota. “We affect only a very small percentage of the total moisture in the air, so we cannot be causing drought.” Dr. Krauss says. “In fact, we may be helping increase the moisture downwind by creating wetter ground.”
One doubter about the safety of cloud seeding is Chuck Doswell, a research scientist who just retired from the University of Oklahoma. “In 1999, I personally saw significant tornadoes (龙卷风) form from a seeded storm cell in Kansas,” Dr. Doswell says. “Does cloud seeding create killer storms or reduce moisture downwind? No one really knows, of course, but the seeding goes on.”
Given the degree of doubt, Mr. Stienwand suggests, “it would be wise to stop cloud seeding.” In practice, doubt has had the opposite effect. Due to the lack of scientific proof concerning their impacts, no one has succeeded in winning a lawsuit against cloud-seeding companies. Hence, private climate engineering can proceed in relative legal safety.
28. What does the project aim to do?
A. Conserve moisture in the soil.    B. Prevent the formation of hailstones.
C. Forecast disastrous hailstorms.    D. Investigate chemical use in farming.
29. Who are opposed to the project?
A. Farmers in east-central Alberta.    B. Managers of insurance companies.
C. Provincial government officials.    D. Residents of Calgary and Edmonton.
30. Why does Dr. Doswell mention the tornadoes he saw in 1999?
A. To compare different kinds of seeding methods.
B. To illustrate the development of big hailstorms.
C. To indicate a possible danger of cloud seeding.
D. To show the link between storms and moisture.
31. What can we infer from the last paragraph?
A. Scientific studies have proved Stienwand right.
B. Private climate engineering is illegal in Canada.
C. The doubt about cloud seeding has disappeared.
D. Cloud-seeding companies will continue to exist.
D
If your partner gets down on one knee to propose, or you get a call with the job offer, your reaction might be to shout it from the rooftops. But new research suggests that keeping good news a secret before telling someone else could make people feel more energized.
“Decades of research on secrecy suggest it is bad for our well-being. However, this work has only examined keeping secrets that have negative effects on our lives. Is secrecy inherently bad for our well-being or do the negative effects of secrecy tend to originate from keeping negative secrets?” asked lead researcher of the latest research Michael Slepian, PhD, a professor of business at Columbia University.
In the experiment, some participants were asked to reflect on the good news they kept secret, while others reflected on good news that was not secret, and then rated how energized the news made them feel and whether they intended to share the news with someone else. The researchers found that the participants who reflected on their positive secrets reported feeling more energized than the participants who thought about their good news that was not secret.
The research nuances our understanding of the science of secrets. Negative secrets tend to deplete us and have also been linked to anxiety and depression. Positive secrets, however, seem to have an energizing effect and make people alive. One factor could be that people often have different motivations for keeping good news to themselves. Those with positive secrets were much more likely to keep quiet for internal reasons, not because they felt any outside pressures.
“People sometimes go to great lengths to plan revealing a positive secret to make it all the more exciting. This kind of surprise can be intensely enjoyable, but surprise is the most fleeting of our emotions, ” Slepian said. “Having extra time — days, weeks or even longer — to imagine the joyful surprise on another person’s face allows us more time with this exciting moment, even if only in our own minds.”
32. What did Michael Slepian think of the previous research on secrecy?
A. One-sided.    B. Pointless.   
C. Convincing.    D. Pioneering.
33. In the experiment, some participants were more energized because ______.
A. they were optimistic and cheerful
B. they were free from secrets
C. they had undisclosed positive secrets
D. they had shared good news with others
34. What does the underlined word “deplete” in paragraph 4 mean?
A. Spoil.    B. Exhaust.   
C. Confuse.    D. Panic.
35. According to the last paragraph, what did Slepian suggest readers do?
A. Never reveal a secret casually.
B. Let your imagination run wild.
C. Be creative when surprising others.
D. Delay sharing a positive secret.
二、阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
How to overcome travel anxiety
Stress and anxiety around documents and procedures of travel is common. Here are some tips from experts on how to overcome travel anxiety and enjoy your holiday or trip.
36   To be able to best cope with your travel anxiety, you need to have a good understanding of the things that actually cause it. Once you understand what triggers your anxiety, you can plan ahead for the best ways to handle it.
Plan out your trip details. One of the reasons for your travel anxiety is that you’re being taken out of your comfort zone and won’t have full control over everything.   37   That will give you a sense of control. However, it’s equally important to think of alternative plans for anything that could potentially not go as planned.
Make use of different relaxation techniques.   38   Another useful way to calm your mind is by meditating. To make sure you find the mindfulness technique that works best for you, try out a few different ones beforehand and use the most efficient one during your trip to set your mind at ease.
Have things with you that bring you joy. These can include physical items like a book to read, or a game to play. It can be extremely useful in distracting you from your negative feelings. Alternatively, you can create a playlist of songs you love or have your favourite TV show with you.   39  
Don’t forget your physical health. Being physically active is a great way to reduce feelings of anxiety and stress.   40   Going outside and connecting with nature can have a positive effect on your physical and mental well-being, which in turn will help reduce your anxious thoughts.
A. Brainstorm various kinds of anxiety.
B. Understand where your anxiety originates.
C. Frankly speaking, negative feelings can’t be avoided.
D. Make sure to incorporate physical activity in your days.
E. Deep breathing is a technique proven to help reduce stress.
F. They will keep your mind occupied, decreasing your feelings of anxiety.
G. To help ease that anxious feeling, try to plan out your trip in as much detail as possible.

参考答案

一、
A
本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了塞舌尔群岛几个著名的水肺潜水景点。
21. C 细节理解题。根据第一段可知，塞舌尔群岛的100多个岛屿中大部分无人居住，影响海洋和海滩的游客相对较少，使这里成为水肺潜水的理想场所。故选C。
22. A 细节理解题。根据“Ennerdale Wreck”部分的内容可知，潜水者可以在海底看到1970年意外沉没的英国油轮，在残骸的螺旋桨周围游泳，这使Ennerdale Wreck对潜水者很有吸引力。故选A。
23. A 细节理解题。根据“Aldabra Atoll”部分的内容可知，Aldabra Atoll既适合高级潜水员，也适合初学者，高级潜水员可以在通道里漂流潜水，而初学者可以待在靠近珊瑚礁的地方看各种海洋生物。故选A。
B
本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了拉布拉多犬Annie的感人故事，揭示了关怀和爱的力量，强调了动物对它们的人类伴侣的积极影响。
24. B 细节理解题。根据第一段的“Annie’s former owner had given up hope and sent her to a shelter house in Texas because she wouldn’t eat or drink.”可知，Annie的前主人放弃了希望，因为Annie不吃不喝，从而导致她被收养。故选B。
25. D 细节理解题。根据第二段的“Siler knew what it took to care for an elderly dog because she had recently lost her own dog, whom she had since college. Siler shared, ‘I felt mentally and emotionally prepared to take on a dog that wasn’t going to have long.’”可知，Siler刚刚失去了自己的狗，她在精神上和情感上都准备好接受一只不久就会死去的狗。由此可知，因失去了之前的狗，她收养Annie想寻求陪伴。故选D。
26. A 推理判断题。根据第三段中的“... she was having so much fun and enjoying life and that kept her going, and I hope that was the case. Annie lived almost exactly a year after being adopted by Siler and Lisa. Annie had the life we pray every senior dog we rescue gets to experience.”可知，人们一直告诉Siler，Annie在被收养后过得很开心，很享受生活。由此推知，Annie的生活充满了欢乐。故选A。
27. C 推理判断题。根据最后一段的“I can’t help but think that Annie would be so proud. She was one special dog whose story will live on through those who adopt seniors.”可推知，Siler表示她希望收养Annie的故事能激励人们收养老年狗。故选C。
C
本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了加拿大卡尔加里保险公司为了避免雹暴风险，在阿尔伯塔省进行人工降雨试验。但在此试验航线下风区的农民们担心土地的水分被试验抢走。然而，试验的负责人认为试验只会影响空气中很小一部分的水分，且还可能增加下游土壤湿度。目前没有科学研究证明试验对大自然的影响，因此它仍能相对合法地进行。
28. B 推理判断题。根据第一段第三句“Airplanes seed threatening storm cells with a chemical to make small ice crystals fall as rain before they can grow into dangerous hailstones.”可推知，这个项目是为了避免风暴的产生。故选B。
29. A 细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句“But farmers in east-central Alberta — downwind of the hail project flights — worry that precious moisture (水分) is being stolen from their thirsty land by the cloud seeding.”可知，位于试验飞行航线下风区的阿尔伯塔省中东部的农民们担心，人工降雨可能会从他们干旱的土地上“偷走”宝贵的水分，所以这个项目遭到了农民的反对。故选A。
30. C 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段Doswell博士的话可知，他在1999年目睹了一个因人工降雨而形成巨大龙卷风的案例。由此可推知，Doswell博士意在指出人工降雨可能会导致危险。故选C。
31. D 推理判断题。根据最后一段最后两句可知，由于缺乏关于人工降雨影响的科学证据，没有人在法庭上赢得对降雨公司的诉讼。因此，私人气候工程仍可以相对合法地进行。由此可推知，人工降雨公司会继续存在。故选D。
D
本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了哥伦比亚大学的教授Michael Slepian关于保密的研究，他发现在告诉别人之前把好消息保密可以使人们感到更有活力。
32. A 细节理解题。根据文章第二段中的“Decades of research on secrecy suggest it is bad for our well-being. However, this work has only examined keeping secrets that have negative effects for our lives. Is secrecy inherently bad for our well-being or do the negative effects of secrecy tend to originate from keeping negative secrets?”（几十年来对保密的研究表明，保密对我们的健康有害。然而，这项工作只研究了保守对我们的生活有负面影响的秘密。保密是天生对我们的幸福有害，还是保密的负面影响往往源于保守负面秘密？）可知，Michael Slepian认为以前的研究只关注了保守负面秘密的影响，很片面，忽视了保守积极秘密的影响。故选A。
33. C 细节理解题。根据文章第三段中的“The researchers found that the participants who reflected on their positive secrets reported feeling more energized than the participants who thought about their good news that was not secret.”（研究人员发现，反思他们积极秘密的参与者比思考他们不是秘密的好消息的参与者感到更有活力。）可知，一些参与者因为他们有未公开的积极秘密而感到更有活力。故选C。
34. B 词义猜测题。根据文章第四段中的“Negative secrets tend to deplete us and have also been linked to anxiety and depression.”（消极的秘密往往会deplete，也与焦虑和抑郁症有关。）可推知，负面的秘密有不利影响，往往会耗尽我们。故deplete在此处意为“耗尽”，与exhaust意思相近。故选B。
35. D 推理判断题。根据文章最后一段中的“People sometimes go to great lengths to plan revealing a positive secret to make it all the more exciting. This kind of surprise can be intensely enjoyable, but surprise is the most fleeting of our emotions”（人们有时会不遗余力地计划透露一个积极的秘密，让它变得更加令人兴奋。这种惊喜可能非常令人愉快，但惊喜是我们情绪中最短暂的。）和“Having extra time — days, weeks or even longer — to imagine the joyful surprise on another person’s face allows us more time with this exciting moment, even if only in our own minds.”（有额外的时间——几天，几周甚至更长的时间——想象别人脸上的喜悦惊喜，让我们有更多的时间享受这个激动人心的时刻，即使只是在我们自己的脑海中。）可推知，告诉别人之前把好消息保密可以使人们感到更兴奋，Slepian建议读者延迟分享积极的秘密。故选D。
二、
本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一些缓解旅游焦虑的有效方法。
36. B 设空处为段落小标题。空后说“为了最好地应对你的旅行焦虑，你需要充分了解实际引起焦虑的事物。一旦你理解是什么引发了你的焦虑，你就可以提前计划最佳的处理方法”，指出了从焦虑的源头出发，提前想好应对措施。因此，B项“了解你的焦虑来自哪里”，最适合作为本段的小标题，符合语境。且B项中的“originates”与下文中的“cause”和“triggers”相呼应。
37. G 段落小标题为“计划好你的旅行细节”。空前说“旅行焦虑的原因之一是你被带出了自己的舒适区，不能完全控制一切”。空后说“那会让你感到有控制感”。因此，G项“为了减轻焦虑情绪，尽量详细地计划你的旅行”，承上启下，符合语境。且G项中的“that”承前，“detail”与本段小标题中的“details”相呼应。
38. E 本段小标题为“利用不同的放松技巧”。空后说“另一种平静心灵的有用方法是冥想”，给出了另一种放松技巧。因此，E项“深呼吸是一种被证明有助于减轻压力的技巧”，承上启下，符合语境。且E项中的“technique”与段落小标题相呼应。
39. F 本段小标题为“随身携带能给你带来快乐的物品”。空前说“或者，你可以创建一个你喜欢的歌曲播放列表，或者把你最喜欢的电视节目带在身边”。因此，F项“这些物品可以让你的注意力集中，减少焦虑情绪”，表述了听喜爱歌单和看喜欢的电视节目的作用和效果，承接上文，符合语境。
40. D 本段小标题为“不要忽视你的身体健康”。空前说“保持身体活跃是减少焦虑和压力的好方法”。空后说“走出户外并与大自然接触可以对你的身心健康产生积极影响，从而有助于减少焦虑情绪”。因此，D项“确保每天都有体育锻炼”，承上启下，符合语境。