【2024一轮复习】语法专项——名词性从句

【2024一轮复习】语法专项——名词性从句

真题链接
1.They also need to be ready to give interviews in English with international journalists. This is ________ they need an English trainer. (2023新高考II卷)
2.________ is so breathtaking about the experience is the out-of-this-world scenes. (2021新高考I卷)
3.The poor woman wasn’t able to give him any information about ________ she lived. (2021北京卷)
4.What puzzles Lily’s friends is ________ she always has so many crazy ideas. (2021天津卷)
5.Oliver says if you’re lucky enough to have someone close to you who enjoys cooking, ask them ________ you can join in when it’s possible. (2020北京卷)
6.It is not a problem ________ we can win the battle; it’s just a matter of time. (2020江苏卷)
7.The student completed this experiment to make come true ________ Professor Joseph had said. (2020天津卷)
8.Over thousands of years, they began to depend less on ________ could be hunted or gathered from the wild, and more on animals they had raised and crops they had sown. (2020浙江卷)
9.Scientists have obtained more evidence ________ plastic is finding its way into the human body. (2019江苏卷)
10.While they are rare north of 88°, there is evidence ________ they range all the way across the Arctic, and as far south as James Bay in Canada. (2019新课标I卷)
11.What students do at college seems to matter much more than ________ they go. (2019北京卷)
12.Without his support, we wouldn’t be ________ we are now. (2018北京卷)
13.The gold medal will be awarded to ________ wins the first place in the bicycle race. (2018天津卷)
14.By boat is the only way to get here, which is ________ we arrived. (2018江苏卷)
15.This is ________ my father has taught me — to always face difficulties and hope for the best. (2018北京卷)
16.Jane moved aimlessly down the tree-lined street, not knowing ________ she was heading. (2017北京卷)
17.We choose this hotel because the price for a night here is down to $20, half of ________ it used to charge. (2017江苏卷)
18.Every year, ________ makes the most beautiful kite will win a prize in the Kite Festival. (2017北京卷)
19.She asked me ________ I had returned the books to the library, and I admitted that I hadn’t. (2017天津卷)
20.The most pleasant thing of the rainy season is ________ one can be entirely free from dust. (2016北京卷)
21.The manager put forward a suggestion ________ we should have an assistant. There is too much work to do. (2016天津卷)
22.It is often the case ________ anything is possible for those who hang on to hope. (2016江苏卷)
23.I truly believe ________ beauty comes from within. (2015北京卷)
24.________ we understand things has a lot to do with what we feel. (2015北京卷)
25.________ Li Bai, a great Chinese poet, was born is known to the pubic, but some won’t accept it. (2015江苏卷)
26.We must find out ________ Karl is coming, so we can book a room for him. (2015重庆卷)
27.A ship in harbor is safe, but that’s not ________ ships are built for. (2015安徽卷)
28.You have to know ________ you’re going if you are to plan the best way of getting there. (2015湖南卷)
29.Reading her biography, I was lost in admiration for ________ Doris Lessing had achieved in literature. (2015陕西卷)
30.The exhibition tells us __________ we should do something to stop air pollution. (2015四川卷)
模拟试题
I. 单句语法填空
1.I can’t guarantee ________ would happen to your shop then!
2.In fact, ________ the world looks like is not very clear in many people’s mind.
3.A study published in the journal Current Biology has completely changed ________ people used to think.
4.________ makes this finding unusual is its adorable appearance. The clay pig looks exactly like the green pig from The Angry Birds movie.
5.To be honest, I am not the person deserving the honor; it should be given to ________ we think has made the greatest contribution.
6.Why do squirrels spend their time in trees while chipmunks (花栗鼠) prefer the ground? The answer has a lot to do with ________ chipmunks and squirrels spend their winters.
7.The updated information on the Artemis mission renews NASA’s promise ________ one of the astronauts will be a woman.
8.Be sure to be with a strong awareness that you are ________ you eat!
9.Though scientists aren’t sure ________ is causing this change, the publishers of the study think that it’s connected to rainfall.
10.These are ________ she chose to take out. By the 1860s, she may have included scissors, a purse, and a magnifying glass.
11.Experts think they migrated from ________ is now Russia across a land bridge called the Bering Strait during the last Ice Age.
12.The king was so clever that he thought of a good way to test ________ his men were reliable.
13.________ surprised us most was that her works of art soon became famous and were on display in the British Museum.
14.Now that summer is finally here, families are preparing for ________ they expect to be a great vacation away from the daily routines.
15.I’m already looking forward to their next visit when I can show them more of ________ Seville offers and what I am still yet to discover.
16.Scientists don’t know for sure ________ this is happening. Pesticides and parasites (寄生虫) are the most suspected reasons.
17.So if you are unsure and still wondering ________ the chocolate diet really does work or not, then it pays to make an appointment with your dietician or doctor.
18.It is expected ________ over 100,000 people will take part in a massive parade at Beijing’s Tian’anmen Square on the morning of Oct 1.
19.And there you can learn ________ people in ancient England ran their farms and took care of their animals.
20.And that’s really ________ makes the whole journey so much fun.
21.This is ________ many people fall short: You should be washing your hands for at least 20 seconds.
22.He started to write his essay, safe in the knowledge ________ he wouldn’t be disturbed for a whole day.
23.________ matters to a museum is not how many visitors it has, but how close it is to people’s daily lives.
24.This is ________ the Australian government announced earlier this month that climbing Uluru will be banned, starting from Oct 26, 2019.
25.Recently researchers have come to the conclusion ________ singing in groups could have a positive impact on reducing anxiety and depression.
26.________ the path of a country is the right one is a matter to be decided by its people.
27.However, she was determined not to let cancer get in the way of her doing ________ she loved.
28.________ volunteer service at the museum can better cater to visitors in the future will be discussed at the seminar.
29.Their advantage is ________ they can catch fish effectively.
30.Helen McCarthy, an author and expert on Japanese cartoons, explained ________ the character is so popular.
31.He says he welcomes ________ is interested in joining him for parts of the route.
32.Although there were no accidents, Timmis believes we should still be aware of ________ is going on around us.
33.A typical Chinese wedding nowadays goes like this: when a new couple is engaged, ________ follows is a choice of the date of their marriage.
34.After being designated as the first special economic zone in China, ________ was once a fishing village has rapidly become an emerging modern city.
35.The ideal nap depends on ________ you want from that nap.
36.There is no doubt ________ the event will attract more visitors to enjoy visiting this wonderful city.
37.Experts hold the opinion ________ a small amount of stress can be good in exams.
38.Ann stepped outside her front door to see ________ the weather was like.
39.When Rose realized ________ the gift was, she was in total shock.
40.________ left the door unlocked must be responsible for the accident.
41.Sometimes, I really doubt ________ there is love between my parents. Every day they try to earn money in order to pay the high tuition for my brother.
42.The key to becoming happy is ________ you treat your life and work.
43.I really want to know ________ you are waiting for at the school gate at present since all the other students have left after school.
44.________ all of them didn’t act on her suggestion made her confused for a long time.
45.The impact and ultimate result depend on ________ you do with the difficulties that you have.
46.In Martin’s world, we are not sure ________ the good will win in the end or not.
47.It is possible ________ caffeine may cause birth defects (缺陷) in humans, too.
48.It’s true ________ TCM is one of the oldest healing systems on the planet.
49.The rise in sales of translated fiction shows ________ hungry so many British readers are for terrific writing from other countries.
50.Darwin wondered a great deal about ________ he saw.
51.It’s time to start by reading aloud to ________ might like it.
52.Actually, children learn violent behavior from adults or from ________ they see on television or on the Internet.
53.Do you know ________ a story gets into the newspaper? Here is an example.
54.Many people say they are impressed by how interesting the show is and ________ they can’t stop laughing when they watch it.
55.Some people told stories about old times, and others wrote down ________ they remembered.
56.After ________ seemed to be a hundred years, I found my audience applauding — I made it!
57.Statistics show ________ over 200 billion yuan is spent every year on food that ends up in the garbage.
Ⅱ. 语篇语法填空
Passage 1
Experiences are acquired through our journey in life; we choose 1. ________ we believe and 2. ________ we look at things and people around us are based on all our experiences in life. Despite the fact 3. ________ things and life are the way they are, we all have different opinions about everything and everybody. Other people have opinions about us as well. But 4. ________ really matters is the opinion we have about ourselves. You choose to accept and follow what other people believe, but you can also decide 5. ________ you want to become yourself and live according to the reality of life.
By living life as it is and being yourself, you create an image about 6. ________ you value most and 7. ________ you admire most. You should remember 8. ________ important it is to be yourself. The image that you create about yourself determines 9. ________ you are and how you feel; it determines how successful you become in life and remind you 10. ________ you are standing in life.
Passage 2
I like reading very much. My classmates’ question is 1. ________ I began to love reading. Actually, I love reading as a child. I grew up in a college town and I spent all my summer vacations in this university. What I meant was 2. ________ I was surrounded by libraries and the people who loved to read. 3. ________ I went to the library to read every day was one of my favorite hobbies. My love of reading was credited with the fact 4. ________ my parents only let me watch an hour of TV a day. I learned to entertain myself through my mind and imagination. It’s not really surprising 5. ________ literature became my vocation.
Recently I have been reading a lot of multicultural women’s legends. Jane Goodall went to Africa and studied chimps instead of going to university. 6. ________ there are some connections between chimps and human beings puzzles me a lot. Thanks to Jane Goodall, her research showed me the answer. She argued 7. ________ wild animals should be left in the wild and not used for entertainment. After finishing her story, I still have some doubts as to 8. ________ she could achieve great success on her own in the forest. Lin Qiaozhi, a doctor, became a specialist in women’s illnesses. She devoted all her life to medical work for Chinese women and children.
9. ________ made her succeed later on was the kindness and consideration she showed to all her patients. 10. ________ she didn’t choose to have a family of her own is clear to me now.

参考答案

真题链接
1.why 考查表语从句。空处上一句提到“他们还需要准备好用英语接受国际记者的采访”，根据两句之间的逻辑关系可知，这就是他们需要英语培训师的原因。故填why。
2.What 分析句子结构可知，“________ is so breathtaking about the experience”是主语从句，从句中缺少主语。故填What。注意首字母大写。
3.where 句意：这个可怜的女人无法告诉他她住在哪里。分析句子结构并结合句意可知，“________ she lived”是宾语从句，作介词about的宾语。宾语从句中缺少地点状语。故填where。
4.why 句意：让莉莉的朋友们困惑的是，为什么她总是有那么多疯狂的想法。分析句子结构并结合句意可知，“________ she always has so many crazy ideas”是表语从句，从句中缺少原因状语。故填why。
5.whether/if 句意：奥利弗说，如果你足够幸运身边有一个喜欢烹饪的人，问问他们，如果可能的话，你是否可以加入。分析句子结构并结合句意可知，“________ you can join in when it’s possible”是宾语从句，空处表示“是否”。故填whether/if。
6.whether 句意：我们能否打赢这场战斗不是问题；这只是时间问题。分析句子结构并结合句意可知，It是形式主语，“________ we can win the battle”是主语从句，空处表示“是否”。故填whether。
7.what 句意：为了使约瑟夫教授所说的成为现实，这个学生完成了这个实验。分析句子结构可知，“________ Professor Joseph had said”作make的宾语从句，该从句中，空处在从句中作said的宾语，表示“……所说的话”。故填what。
8.what 句意：在几千年的时间里，他们开始减少对野生动植物的依赖，而更多地依赖他们饲养的动物和播种的庄稼。分析句子结构可知，宾语从句缺主语，指物。故填what。
9.that 句意：科学家已经获得更多证据，这些证据表明塑料正在进入人们的体内。分析句子结构并结合句意可知，空处引导的是同位语从句，从句不缺句子成分。故填that。
10.that 分析句子结构可知，主句为there be句型，且结构完整，空后为同位语从句，解释说明中心词evidence的内容。故填that。
11.where 句意：学生在大学里做什么似乎比去哪里（哪所大学）更重要。分析句子结构并结合句意可知，空处引导宾语从句，从句中缺地点状语。故填where。
12.where/what 句意：没有他的支持，我们是不会在现在这个位置的/我们不会是现在的身份。分析句子结构可知，“________ we are now”是表语从句，结合句意可知，该处指我们所处的位置或身份。故填where或what。
13.whoever 句意：在自行车比赛中获得第一名的人将获得金牌。分析句子结构并结合句意可知，宾语从句中缺少主语，表示“任何人，无论谁”。故填whoever。
14.how 句意：乘船是到达这里唯一的途径，这就是我们如何到达的。分析句子结构并结合句意可知，which引导的是一个非限制性定语从句。在这个定语从句中，“________ we arrived”为表语从句。从句中缺少方式状语。故填how。
15.what 句意：这就是父亲教给我的——永远直面困难并抱着最乐观的态度。分析句子结构并结合句意可知，空处引导表语从句，指代父亲教给我的东西。故填what。
16.where 句意：简沿着绿树成荫的街道漫无目的地走着，不知道去往何方。分析句子结构并结合句意可知，空处引导宾语从句，从句中缺地点状语。故填where。
17.what 分析句子结构可知，“half of ________ it used to charge”是$20的同位语，即原来价格的一半是现在的$20；另外，of后跟名词或名词短语构成介宾短语，所以，“________ it used to charge”是宾语从句；宾语从句中的charge缺少宾语。故填what。
18.whoever 句意：每年，在风筝节上，制作出最漂亮风筝的人会赢得一份奖品。分析句子结构可知，空处引导主语从句，从句中缺少主语成分，表示“无论谁”。故填whoever。
19.whether/if 句意：她问我是否已经把书还给图书馆了，我承认我还没有归还。分析句子结构并结合句意可知，空处引导宾语从句，表示“是否”。故填whether/if。
20.that 句意：雨季最令人愉快的事情就是人们可以完全免受尘土的影响。分析句子结构并结合句意可知，“________ one can be entirely free from dust”为表语从句，该从句中不缺少成分，意思完整。故填that。
21.that 句意：经理提出一个建议，即我们应该有个助手。有太多的工作要做。分析句子结构可知，“________ we should have an assistant”为同位语从句，说明suggestion的内容，应用that引导该同位语从句。that只起连接作用，不作成分。故填that。
22.that 句意：对于那些不放弃希望的人来说，发生任何事情都是有可能的，这是很常见的。分析句子结构可知，It为形式主语，“________ anything is possible for those who hang on to hope”为主语从句，且从句结构完整。故填that。
23.that/不填 句意：我确信美丽源自内在。分析句子结构可知，“________ beauty comes from within”为宾语从句，且从句结构完整。故填that。that也可以省略。
24.How 句意：我们理解事物的方式与我们的感受有很大关系。分析句子结构可知，“________ we understand things”为主语从句，该从句中缺少方式状语。故填How。注意首字母大写。
25.Where 句意：伟大的中国诗人李白出生的地方人人皆知，但是有些人对此并不接受。分析句子结构可知，“________ Li Bai, a great Chinese poet, was born”为主语从句，从句中缺少地点状语。故填Where。注意首字母大写。
26.when 句意：我们必须弄清楚卡尔什么时候来，以便我们可以为他预订房间。分析句子结构可知，“________ Karl is coming”为宾语从句，作动词短语find out的宾语，该从句中缺少时间状语。故填when。
27.what 分析句子结构可知，“________ ships are built for”为表语从句，该从句中缺少宾语且表示“事物”。故填what。
28.where 句意：如果你要计划到那里的最佳路线，你就得知道你将要往哪儿走。分析句子结构可知，“________ you’re going”为宾语从句，该从句中缺少地点状语。故填where。
29.what 句意：读到她的自传，我对Doris Lessing在文学上取得的成就感到钦佩。分析句子结构可知，“________ Doris Lessing had achieved in literature”为宾语从句，该从句中缺少宾语且表示“事物”。故填what。
30.why 句意：这个展览告诉我们：为什么我们应该做一些事情来阻止空气污染。分析句子结构并结合句意可知，“__________ we should do something to stop air pollution”为宾语从句，该从句中缺少原因状语。故填why。
模拟试题
I. 单句语法填空
1.what 句意：我可不能保证到时候你的商店会发生什么。分析句子结构并结合句意可知，空处引导宾语从句，作guarantee的宾语。宾语从句中缺少主语。故填what。
2.what 句意：事实上，这个世界是什么样子的，很多人都搞不清楚。分析句子结构并结合句意可知，空处引导主语从句，从句缺少宾语，且指物。故填what。
3.what 句意：发表在《当代生物学》杂志上的一项研究彻底改变了人们过去的想法。分析句子结构并结合句意可知，空处引导宾语从句，作change的宾语。从句中缺少宾语。故填what。
4.What 句意：这个发现的不同寻常之处在于它可爱的外表。分析句子结构并结合句意可知，空处引导主语从句，从句中缺少主语，且指物。故填What。注意首字母大写。
5.whoever 句意：老实说，我不是一个应该得到这个荣誉的人，应该把它送给我们认为做出最大贡献的人。分析句子结构可知，介词to后接宾语从句，在宾语从句“________ we think has made the greatest contribution”中，we think是插入语，从句缺主语，意为“无论谁，不管什么人”。故填whoever。
6.how 句意：答案与花栗鼠和松鼠如何过冬有很大关系。分析句子结构并结合句意可知，空处引导宾语从句，从句中缺少方式状语，表示“如何”。故填how。
7.that 句意：有关阿尔特弥斯任务的最新信息使美国宇航局再次承诺，其中一名宇航员将是女性。分析句子结构可知，“________ one of the astronauts will be a woman”是同位语从句，从句句意完整，不缺成分，应使用只起连接作用、无实义的that引导。故填that。
8.what 分析句子结构可知，“that you are ________ you eat”是同位语从句，作awareness的同位语。在这个从句中，主语是you，系动词是are，“________ you eat”是表语从句。表语从句中缺少宾语。故填what。
9.what 句意：尽管科学家们不确定是什么造成了这种变化，但该研究的出版商认为这与降雨有关。分析句子结构可知，sure后的宾语从句中缺少主语。故填what。
10.what 分析句子结构可知，空处引导表语从句，从句中缺少宾语，指物。故填what。
11.what 句意：专家认为，在最后一个冰河时代，他们从现在的俄罗斯穿越了一个被称为白令海峡的陆桥。分析句子结构可知，“________ is now Russia”为宾语从句，该从句中缺少主语且表示“物”。故填what。
12.whether/if 句意：那位国王非常聪明，他想出了一个检验他的臣民是否值得信赖的好方法。分析句子结构可知，“________ his men were reliable”作动词test的宾语，空处表示“是否”。故填whether或if。
13.What 句意：最让我们惊讶的是，她的艺术作品很快就出名了，并在大英博物馆展出。分析句子结构可知，“________ surprised us most”为主语从句，该从句中缺少主语，且空处表示“事物”。故填What。注意首字母大写。
14.what 句意：既然夏天终于来了，每个家庭都在为他们期待的远离日常生活的美好假期做准备。分析句子结构可知，“________ they expect to be a great vacation”为宾语从句，作are preparing for的宾语，该从句中缺少宾语（expect的宾语）且空处表示“事物”。故填what。
15.what 句意：我已经在期待着他们的下一次来访了，届时我可以向他们展示更多Seville所提供的东西以及我仍未发现的东西。分析句子结构可知，“________ Seville offers”为宾语从句，该从句中缺少宾语（offers的宾语）且空处表示“事物”。故填what。
16.why 句意：科学家们并不确定为什么会发生这种情况。杀虫剂和寄生虫是最可疑的原因。分析句子结构可知，“________ this is happening”为宾语从句。根据下句可推知该从句中缺少原因状语。故填why。
17.whether/if 句意：因此，如果你不确定并仍然想知道巧克力减肥是否真的有效，那么与你的营养师或医生预约是有好处的。分析句子结构可知，“________ the chocolate diet really does work or not”为宾语从句，空处表示“是否”，故填whether或if。注意：如果or not紧挨着空处，只能填whether，即whether or not the chocolate diet really does work。
18.that 句意：预计将有10万多人参加在北京天安门广场举行的大阅兵。固定句式It is expected that ...表示“预计……”，It为形式主语，that引导的从句为真正的主语。故填that。
19.how 句意：在那里你会知道古代英格兰人民是怎样管理他们的农场和照看他们的牲畜的。分析句子结构并结合句意可知，空处引导宾语从句，在从句中作方式状语。故填how。
20.what 句意：事实上那就是让整个旅程如此有趣的原因。分析句子结构可知，空处引导表语从句，且从句中缺少主语，指物。故填what。
21.where 句意：这就是很多人做不到的地方：你应该洗手至少20秒。分析句子结构可知，空处引导表语从句。从句中fall short后无介词，所以空处在从句中作地点状语。故填where。
22.that 句意：确信一整天都不会被打扰，他便开始写论文了。分析句子结构可知，空处引导同位语从句，解释说明knowledge的内容。故填that。
23.What 句意：对一个博物馆来说，重要的不是有多少游客，而是他们离人们的日常生活有多近。分析句子结构可知，空处引导主语从句，且在从句中作主语，指物。故填What。注意首字母大写。
24.why 句意：这就是为什么这个月早些时候澳大利亚政府宣布将从2019年10月26日开始禁止攀登Uluru。“This is why ...”表示“这就是为什么……”，why在此引导表语从句。故填why。
25.that 分析句子结构可知，空处引导同位语从句，解释说明conclusion的具体内容，从句意义、结构完整，且空处在从句中不作成分，仅起连接作用。故填that。
26.Whether 句意：国家选择的路是否正确是由它的人民决定的。分析句子结构并结合句意可知，空处引导主语从句且位于句首，表示“是否”。故填Whether。注意首字母大写。
27.what 分析句子结构可知，空处引导宾语从句，作doing的宾语，且空处在从句中作loved的宾语，表示“……东西”。故填what。
28.How 句意：研讨会将讨论博物馆的志愿者服务如何在未来更好地满足游客的需求。分析句子结构并结合句意可知，空处引导主语从句，表示“如何”。故填How。注意首字母大写。
29.that 句意：他们的优势是能有效捕鱼。分析句子结构可知，空处引导表语从句，且从句意思和结构完整。故填that。
30.why 句意：Helen McCarthy，日本漫画作者和专家，解释了为什么这个角色如此受欢迎。分析句子结构并结合句意可知，空处引导宾语从句，从句中缺少原因状语。故填why。
31.whoever 句意：他说，他欢迎任何有兴趣和他一起参加部分路线的人。分析句子结构可知，空处引导宾语从句，且从句缺少主语，表示“无论谁”。故填whoever。
32.what 句意：虽然没有事故，Timmis认为我们仍应了解身边发生的事情。分析句子结构可知，空处引导宾语从句，在从句中作主语，指物。故填what。
33.what 句意：当今典型的中国式婚礼是这样的：当一对新人订婚后，接下来要做的事是选择结婚日期。分析句子结构可知，“________ follows”为主语从句，空处在从句中作主语且指事物。故填what。
34.what 句意：在被命名为中国第一个经济特区之后，曾经的渔村迅速成了一个正在兴起的现代化城市。分析句子结构可知，“________ was once a fishing village”为主语从句，该从句缺少主语，且空处指物。故填what。
35.what 句意：理想中的小睡取决于你想从小睡中得到什么。分析句子结构可知，“________ you want from that nap”为宾语从句，该从句中缺少宾语且空处指物。故填what。
36.that 句意：毫无疑问，这一赛事将会吸引更多喜欢游览这个令人惊奇的城市的游客。“There is no doubt that ...”为固定句式，意为“毫无疑问……”。故填that。
37.that 句意：专家认为，在考试中有些许的压力可能是好事。分析句子结构可知，“________ a small amount of stress can be good in exams”为同位语从句，作opinion的同位语，该从句句意完整。故填that。
38.what 句意：安走出前门去看看天气怎么样。分析句子结构可知，空处引导宾语从句，该从句缺少宾语（介词like的宾语）。故填what。
39.what 句意：当罗丝知道那份礼物是什么的时候，她彻底震惊了。分析句子结构可知，空处引导宾语从句且在从句中作表语，指物。故填what。
40.Whoever 句意：不管是谁没锁门，都必须为这次事故负责任。分析句子结构可知，空处引导主语从句，从句中缺少主语，表示“任何人，无论是谁”。故填Whoever。注意首字母大写。
41.whether/if 句意：有时候，我真的怀疑我的父母之间是否有爱。为了给我哥哥支付高昂的学费，他们每天都努力赚钱。分析句子结构并结合句意可知，空处引导宾语从句，表示“是否”。故填whether/if。
42.how 句意：快乐的关键在于你如何对待生活和工作。分析句子结构并结合句意可知，空处引导表语从句，从句中缺少方式状语，表示“如何”。故填how。
43.who/whom 句意：我真的很想知道你现在在学校门口等谁，因为其他学生都放学走了。分析句子结构可知，空处引导宾语从句，且在从句中作for的宾语，表示“谁”。故填who/whom。
44.Why 句意：为什么他们都不按她的建议行动让她困惑了很久。分析句子结构并结合句意可知，“________ all of them didn’t act on her suggestion”为主语从句，从句中缺少原因状语，表示“为什么”。故填Why。注意首字母大写。
45.what 句意：影响和最终结果取决于你如何应对你的那些困难。分析句子结构可知，空处引导宾语从句，作depend on的宾语，从句中缺少宾语。故填what。
46.whether/if 句意：在马丁的世界中，我们不确定好人是否最终会获胜。分析句子结构并结合句意可知，空处引导宾语从句，意为“是否”。故填whether/if。
47.that 句意：咖啡因也可能导致人类的先天缺陷。分析句子结构可知，It为形式主语，空处引导的主语从句作真正的主语。从句不缺少任何成分。故填that。
48.that 句意：中医无疑是世界上最为古老的治疗方法之一。分析句子结构可知，It为形式主语，空处引导的主语从句为真正的主语，从句不缺少任何成分。故填that。
49.how 句意：译本小说销量的上涨表明，很多英国读者是多么渴望读到来自其他国家的优秀作品。分析句子结构可知，空处引导宾语从句，作shows的宾语，在从句中修饰形容词hungry。故填how。
50.what 句意：达尔文对他看到的东西感到非常惊讶。分析句子结构可知，空处引导宾语从句，从句中缺少指物的宾语。故填what。
51.whoever 分析句子结构可知，介词to后面是一个宾语从句，从句缺少主语，空处表示“任何……的人”。故填whoever。
52.what 句意：事实上，孩子们是从大人身上或者在电视或网络上看到的东西上学到暴力行为的。分析句子结构可知，空处引导宾语从句，作介词from的宾语，从句中缺少指物的宾语。故填what。
53.how 句意：你知道一个新闻报道是如何刊登在报纸上的吗？以下就是个例子。分析句子结构并结合句意可知，空处引导宾语从句，表示方式。故填how。
54.that 句意：许多人说他们对这个节目的趣味性印象深刻，他们观看这个节目时会情不自禁地笑起来。分析句子结构可知，and连接两个并列的宾语从句，两个宾语从句结构完整，应由that引导。第一个从句中的that可省略，第二个从句中的that不可省略。故填that。
55.what 句意：有些人讲述过去的故事，而其他人则写下他们所记得的事情。分析句子结构可知，空处引导宾语从句，作wrote down的宾语，从句中缺少指物的宾语。故填what。
56.what 句意：好像过了一百年似的，我发现我的观众在鼓掌——我成功了！分析句子结构可知，空处引导宾语从句，作After的宾语，从句中seemed前缺主语，指物。故填what。
57.that/不填 句意：数据显示，每年有超过2,000亿元被花费在了最终被扔进垃圾箱的食品上。分析句子结构可知，空处引导宾语从句，作show的宾语，从句结构完整。故填that。that也可以省略。
II. 语篇语法填空
Passage 1
1.what 此处表示“我们所相信的事物”，分析句子结构可知，空处引导宾语从句，且在从句中作宾语，表示“……的事物”。故填what。
2.how 结合语境可知，此处表示“我们如何看待周围的人和事”，空处引导宾语从句，且在从句中作方式状语。故填how。
3.that 分析句子结构可知，空处引导同位语从句，解释说明fact的具体内容。故填that。
4.what 分析句子结构可知，空处引导主语从句并在从句中作主语，指物。故填what。
5.whether/if 分析句子结构可知，空处引导宾语从句，表示“是否”。故填whether/if。
6.what 分析句子结构可知，空处引导宾语从句并在从句中作宾语，且指物。故填what。
7.who/whom 结合语境可知，此处表示“你最钦佩的人”，空处引导宾语从句并在从句中作宾语。故填who或whom。
8.how 分析句子结构可知，空处引导宾语从句并在从句中作状语，修饰important，表示“多么”。故填how。
9.who 分析句子结构可知，空处引导宾语从句，该处表示“决定你是谁”。故填who。
10.where 分析句子结构可知，空处引导宾语从句并在从句中作地点状语，表示“你在生活中处于什么位置”。故填where。
Passage 2
1.when 句意：同学们的疑问是我是从什么时候开始爱上阅读的。分析句子结构并结合句意可知，空处引导表语从句。表语从句缺少时间状语。故填when。
2.that 分析句子结构可知，空处引导表语从句。从句不缺成分且句意完整。故填that。
3.That 句意：每天去图书馆读书是我最大的兴趣爱好之一。分析句子结构可知，空处引导主语从句，从句不缺句子成分，句意完整。故填That。注意首字母大写。
4.that 分析句子结构可知，空处引导同位语从句，作fact的同位语。故填that。
5.that 句意：文学成为我的职业并不奇怪。结合句意并分析句子结构可知，It是形式主语，空处引导主语从句，是真正的主语。故填that。
6.Whether 句意：黑猩猩和人类之间是否有联系让我很困惑。结合句意并分析句子结构可知，空处引导主语从句，表示“是否”，且位于句首。故填Whether。注意首字母大写。
7.that/不填 分析句子结构可知，空处引导宾语从句，作argue的宾语。故填that。that也可以省略。
8.how 句意：在看完她的故事后，我仍然怀疑她如何能够独自在森林中取得巨大成功。分析句子结构并结合句意可知，空处引导宾语从句，作as to的宾语。从句中缺少方式状语。故填how。
9.What 分析句子结构可知，空处引导主语从句，从句中缺少主语。故填What。注意首字母大写。
10.Why 句意：我现在很清楚她为什么选择不成家了。分析句子结构并结合句意可知，空处引导主语从句，从句中缺少原因状语。故填Why。注意首字母大写。