高中英语100组易混易错词汇辨析

1. clothes, cloth, clothing
clothes统指各种衣服，谓语动词永远是复数， cloth指布，为不可数名词 clothing 服装的总称，指一件衣服用a piece of, an article of
2. amount, number amount后接不可数名词， number后接可数名词 a number of students
3. sound, voice, noise sound自然界各种各样的声音，voice人的嗓音，noise噪音I hate the loud noise outside.
4. cause, reason cause 指造成某一事实或现象的直接原因，后接of sth./doing sth，reason用来解释某种现象或结果的理由，后接for sth./doing sth. the reason for being late
5. exercise, exercises, practice exercise运动，锻炼（不可数），exercises练习（可数），practice（反复做的）练习 Practice makes perfect.
6. officer, official officer部队的军官，official政府官员 an army officer
7. work, job二者均指工作。work不可数，job可数 a good job
8. cook, cooker cook厨师，cooker厨具 He is a good cook.
9. problem, question problem常和困难连系，前面的动词常为think about, solve, raise，question常和疑问连系，多和ask, answer连用
10. a number of, the number of a number of许多，谓语动词用复数。the number of…的数目，谓语动词用单数。The number of students is increasing.
11. chick, chicken二者均可指小鸡，chicken还可以当鸡肉 The chicken is delicious.
12. trip, journey, travel, voyage travel是最常用的，trip指短期的旅途，journey指稍长的旅途，voyage指海上航行 a three-day trip
13. in front of, in the front ofin front of范围外的前面，in the front of范围内的前面 In the front of the room sits a boy.
14. three of us, the three of usthree of us我们（不止三个）中的三个，the three of us我们三个（就三个人）The three of us---Tom, Jack and I went to the cinema.
15. by bus, on the busby bus表手段，方式，不用冠词，on the bus表范围 They went there by bus.
16. for a moment, for the momentfor a moment 片刻，一会儿，for the moment暂时，一时 Thinking for a moment, he agreed.
17. in a word, in wordsin a word总之，一句话， in words口头上 In a word, you are right.
18. in place of, in the place ofin place of代替，in the place of在…地方 A new building is built in the place of the old one.
19. go to sea, by sea, by the seago to sea当海员，出航，by sea乘船，由海路， by the sea在海边 go by sea

20. the doctor and teacher, the doctor and the teacherthe doctor and teacher指一个人，既是医生又是老师，the doctor and the teacher两个人，一个医生和一个老师 the doctor and teacher is
21. in office, in the officein office在职的，in the office在办公室里 He is in office, not out of office.
22. in charge of, in the charge ofin charge of管理，负责照料， in the charge of由……照料 He is in charge of the matter. The matter is in the charge of her.
23. out of question, out of the questionout of question毫无疑问的，out of the question不可能的
24. a second, the seconda second又一，再一，the second第…… He won the second prize.
25. by day, by the dayby day白天，by the day按天计算 The workers are paid by the day.
26. it, oneit同一物体，one同类不同一 I lost my pen. I have to buy a new one.
27. none, nothing, no onenone强调有多少，nothing, no one强调有没有，nothing指物，no one指人　--- How many…/How much…? --- None.
28. other, anotherother后接名词复数，another后接名词单数 other students, another student
29. not a little, not a bitnot a little非常，not a bit一点也不 I m not a bit tired. 我一点儿也不累。

30. many, much, a lot ofmany和可数名词连用，much和不可数名词连用，a lot of可数，不可数均可，但不用于否定句 I haven t many books.
31. no, notno=not a/any no friend=not a/any friend no water=not any water
32. no more than, not more thanno more than相当于only，仅仅，只有，not more than 至多，不超过
33. tall, hightall常指人或动物，high常指物体 He is tall.
34. fast, quicklyfast侧重于指人或物体具有运动速度快的特点，quickly侧重指某事完成或发生的快 run fast, answer the question quickly
35. high, highlyhigh具体的高，highly抽象的高，高度的 think highly of
36. sleeping, asleep, sleepysleeping正在睡觉，asleep睡着，熟睡，只能做表语，sleepy困的，有睡意的 a sleeping baby The baby is asleep. I m sleepy.
37. respectful, respectablerespectful尊敬，有礼貌，respectable可敬的，值得尊敬的 be respectful to the aged
38. pleasant, pleased, pleasingpleasant常用作定语，pleased, pleasing常用作表语，pleased主语常为人，pleasing主语常为物 a pleasant trip The trip is pleasing.
39. close, closelyclose接近，靠近，closely紧紧地，紧密地 closely connected, stand close

40. ill, sickill做表语，sick定，表均可 a sick boy
41. good, wellgood形容词，well副词，但指身体状况是形容词 He is well again.
42. hard, hardlyhard努力，hardly几乎不 work hard I can hardly believe it.
43. late, latelylate迟，晚，lately最近，近来 I haven t seen him lately.
44. living, alive, live, livelyliving, alive, live均为活着的，living定表均可，alive定表均可，定语后置，live只能做定语，lively意为活波的 all the living people=all the people alive
45. excited, excitingexcited使人兴奋的，exciting令人兴奋的 I m excited. The news is exciting.
46. deep, deeplydeep具体的深，deeply抽象的深，深深地 deeply moved, dig deep
47. before long, long beforebefore long不久以后，long before很久以前 not long before = before long
48. instead, instead ofinstead是副词，放在句首或句末，instead of是介词短语，放在句中He didn t see a film. Instead he watched TV. He watched TV instead of seeing a film.
49. too much, much tootoo much 后接不可数名词，much too后接形容词 much too heavy

50. raise, riseraise及物动词，rise不及物动词 The sun rises in the east.
51. bring, take, carry, fetchbring拿来，take带走，carry随身携带，fetch去回这一往返动作 fetch a box of chalk
52. spend, take, pay, costspend人做主语，花钱，花时间; spend…on sth./in doing sth; take物做主语，花时间; pay人做主语，花钱，pay for; cost物做主语，花钱
53. join, join in, take part injoin加入某个组织，并成为其中的一员；join in参加小型的活动, join sb. in；take part in 参加大型的活动 He joined the army five years ago.
54. leave, leave forleave离开，leave for前往 He left Beijing for Shanghai.
55. used to, be used toused to过去常常，be used to习惯于，后接sth./doing sth.；被用来，后接 do sth. He is used to getting up early.
56. win, lose, beatwin后接sth.，反义词为lose, beat后接sb. win the game, beat them
57. live on, live bylive on以…为主食，live by靠…谋生 live on fish/ live by fishing
58. lose, misslose失去（具体的物体），错过 sth. is lost, lose the chance；miss 想念，错过sth. is missing, miss the chance
59. be tired of, be tired with/frombe tired of厌烦…，be tired with/from因为…而累了 be tired with/from running 800 meters

60. care about, care forcare about关心，计较，在乎，一般多用于否定句中；care for关心，照料，喜欢，愿意 He doesn’ t care about his clothes. I don t care for movies.
61. feed, raisefeed喂养，养活，饲养 (to give food to)， raise饲养，养育 (cause to grow, bring up children) raise the family
62. mean to do, mean doingmean to do打算，想要做某事，mean doing意思是，意味着 By this I mean giving the students more practice.
67. die from, die ofdie from表示死于（枪）伤，虚弱，过度劳累，饮食过度等，die of表示死于疾病，饥饿，寒冷，年老，忧愁，失恋等精神因素 die of hunger and cold
68. pay for, pay back, pay offpay for为…付钱，pay back还钱，但不一定还清，pay off还清 pay for the book, pay off the debt
69. arrive, get, reacharrive不及物动词，后接in (大地点)，at(小地点)，get不及物动词后接to，reach及物动词 arrive in Beijing, get to Beijing, reach Beijing

70. manage, trymanage to do设法做成了某事，try to do尽力去做某事但不一定成功 He tried to pass the exam, but he failed.
71. be familiar to, be familiar withbe familiar to某物对某人来说是熟悉的，be familiar with某人熟悉某物 The book is familiar to me. I m familiar with the book.
72. agree with, agree to, agree onagree with同意某人，agree to同意某事，agree on在…上达成一致意见，主语是复数 agree with you, agree to the plan
73. receive, acceptreceive收到某一东西，但不一定接受，accept接受 I received a gift, but I didn t accept it.
74. wear, put on, dresswear和dress表状态,wear接衣服等,可用进行时，dress接人,be dressed in, put on表动作 It s cold outside. Put on your warm clothes.
75. listen, hearlisten强调动作，hear强调结果 I listened, but I heard nothing.
76. look, see, watchlook看的动作，see看的结果，watch强调所看物体的变化、移动和发展watch TV
77. lie, laylie躺，位于(lay, lain),说谎(lied, lied)，lay平放(laid, laid) lay the book
78. hurt, injure, woundhurt感情上受伤，injure事故中受伤，wound战争中受伤 He was wounded in the war.
79. turn, get, growturn表突变，后常接表颜色的词，get强调变的结果，grow强调过程，逐渐的变化 turn yellow, get tired, grow big

80. happen, take placehappen偶然性的没有预料到的事情的发生，take place必然性的发生 Great changes have taken place in my hometown.
81. at, in (表地点)at小地点，in大地点 arrive at a small village, arrive in Shanghai
82. increase to, increase byincrease to增长到…，increase by增长了… The number increased by 2,000 to 5,000.
83. since, for (完成时间状语)since接点时间或一句话，for接一段时间 for three years, since 3:00
84. on earth, on the earth, in the earthon earth在世上，在人间，到底，究竟，一点也不，on the earth在地上，在地球上，in the earth在地下，在泥土里 no use on earth
85. in surprise, to one s surprisein surprise惊奇地，to one s surprise使某人吃惊的是，
86. in the air, on the air, in the skyin the air正在酝酿中，on the air播送，广播，in the sky在天空中 His show is on the air at 6:00 tonight.
87. through, acrossthrough穿越空间，across在…上穿过 through the forest, across the desert
88. on the way, in the wayon the way在前往…的路上，in the way挡路 The chair is in the way.
89. above, on, overabove在上面，不接触，on在上面，接触，over在正上方 fly over the hill

90. until, not…untiluntil到…为止， not…until直到…才（常跟点动词连用）I waited until 3:00. He didn t come until 3:00.
91. besides, except, except forbesides除了…还（包括在内）except除了（不包括在内），except for整体…除了某一点以外 The composition is good except for a few spelling mistakes.
92. whether, if当是否解时，只有在宾语从句中二者可以互换，其余都用weather，当如果解时用if I don t know if/whether he will come. If he comes, I ll let you know.
93. because, since, as, for原因由强到弱为：because, since/as, for. 在句中的位置如下：1)…because… 2) Since/as…, … 3) …, for… Since I was ill, I didn t go.
94. when, as, while (表时间)when从句动词点动词，持续性动词均可，as重在表示动作同时发生，伴随进行，while从句动词为持续性动词 While I slept, a thief broke in.
95. the same…as, the same…thatthe same…as和…一样的（相似但不同一）， the same…that 同一物体 This is the same pen that I used yesterday. (同一支笔)
96. as well, as well asas well也，常放于句末，和and连用表示既…又；as well as并列连词，不但…而且… He is a professor, and a writer as well.
97. such…as, such…thatsuch…as像…样的，such…that如此…以至于 He is not such a fool as he looks like. He is such a good student that all the teachers like him.
99. because, because ofbecause连词，连接两句话，because of介词短语，后接词或短语 He didn t go to school because of his illness.
100. in order that, in order to表目的，in order that后接句子，in order to后接动词原形 I got up early in order to catch the first bus. I got up early so that I could catch the first bus.

1. clothes, cloth, clothing
clothes  统指各种衣服，谓语动词永远是复数
cloth  指布，常用作不可数名词
clothing  是服装的总称，指一件衣服用a piece of, an article of
例：
heavy winter clothes  厚重的冬装
cotton cloth  棉布
an expensive article/item/piece of clothing  一件昂贵的衣服
2. amount, number
amount  后接不可数名词
number  后接可数名词
例：
Be sure to add the right amount of salt.  确保加入适量的盐。
a number of students  许多学生
3. sound, voice, noise
sound  自然界各种各样的声音
voice  人的嗓音
noise  噪音
例：
the different sounds of the forest  森林里的各种声音、各种气息
He has a deep voice.  他嗓音低沉。
I hate the loud noise outside.  我讨厌外面的噪音。
4. cause, reason
cause  指造成某一事实或现象的直接原因，后接of sth./doing sth.
reason  用来解释某种现象或结果的理由，后接for sth./doing sth.
例：
She is the cause of all their problems.  他们的所有问题都因她而起。
the reason for being late  迟到的原因
5. exercise, exercises, practice
exercise  运动，锻炼（不可数）
exercises  练习（可数）
practice  （反复做的）练习
例：
I need to get more exercise.  我需要更多的锻炼。

vocal exercises  发声练习
Practice makes perfect.  熟能生巧。
6. officer, official
officer  部队的军官
official  政府官员
例：
an army officer  一名军官
public/government/city officials  公共事务/政府/市政府官员
7. work, job
二者均指工作。
work  不可数
job  可数
例：
She is trying to find work in publishing.  她正努力在出版界找一份工作。
a good job  一份好工作
8. cook, cooker
cook  厨师
cooker  厨具
例：
He is a good cook.  他是一名厨师。
There is an electric cooker in the kitchen.  厨房里有个电灶。
9. problem, question
problem  常和困难搭配，前面的动词常为think about, solve, raise
question  常和疑问搭配，多和ask, answer连用
例：
We have to find a way to solve this problem.  我们得找出一个解决这个问题的办法。
Please answer my question.  请回答我的问题。
10. a number of, the number of
a number of ...  许多，谓语动词用复数
the number of ...  ……的数目，谓语动词用单数
例：
A number of new products have been successfully trial-produced.  许多新产品已试制成功。
The number of students is increasing.  学生的数量在增加。

11. chick, chicken
二者均可指小鸡，chicken还可以当鸡肉
例：
The chicks hatch out after fifteen days.
小鸡过15天就孵化出来了。
The chicken is delicious. 这鸡肉很美味。
12. trip, journey, travel, voyage
travel  是最常用的
trip  指短期的旅途
journey  指稍长的旅途
voyage  指海上航行
例：
The job involves a considerable amount of foreign travel.
这个工作要经常出差去国外。
a three-day trip 三日游
There are many hazards in a journey across Africa.
穿越非洲的旅行有许多危险。
He wrote about his many voyages into the South Seas.
他把自己多次在南半球航海的经历都记录了下来。
13. in front of, in the front of
in front of  范围外的前面
in the front of  范围内的前面
例：
A tree stood in front of the house.
房子前面有一棵树。
In the front of the room sits a boy.
一个男孩坐在这间屋子的前面。
14. three of us, the three of us
three of us  我们（不止三个）中的三个
the three of us  我们三个（就三个人）
例：
There were not only three of us on the advanced course.
不是只有我们三个人学高级课程。
The three of us — Tom, Jack and I went to the cinema.
汤姆、杰克和我，我们三个人一起去看电影了。
15. by bus, on the bus
by bus  表手段，方式，不用冠词
on the bus  表范围
例：
They went there by bus. 他们坐公交车去那儿的。
There had been 63 passengers on the bus. 车上有63名乘客。
16. for a moment, for the moment
for a moment  片刻，一会儿
for the moment  暂时，一时
例：
Thinking for a moment, he agreed.
想了片刻，他同意了。
This house is big enough for the moment, but we’ll have to move if we have children.
这房子现在还够大。要是有了孩子，我们还得搬。
17. in a word, in other words
in a word  总之，一句话
in other words  换句话说，换言之
例：
In a word, you are right.
总之，你是对的。
They asked him to leave — in other words, he was fired.
他们请他走人，也就是说，他被解雇了。
18. in place of, in the place of
in place of  代替
in the place of  在……地方
例：
You can use milk in place of cream in this recipe.
这道食谱可以用牛奶代替奶油。
A new building is built in the place of the old one.
在旧楼的地方建了一座新楼。
19. go to sea, by sea, by the sea
go to sea  当海员，出航
by sea  乘船，由海路
by the sea  在海边
例：
He went to sea at a young age.
他很小的时候就开始当水手了。
We traveled by sea.
我们乘船旅行。
John sat by the sea to watch the sunset.
约翰坐在海边观赏日落。
20. the doctor and teacher, the doctor and the teacher
the doctor and teacher  指一个人，既是医生又是老师
the doctor and the teacher  两个人，一个医生和一个老师
例：
The doctor and teacher is from China.
那位医生兼老师来自中国。
The doctor and the teacher are twin sisters.
那位医生和那位老师是双胞胎姐妹。

21. in office, in the office
in office  在职的
in the office  在办公室里
例：
He had been in office less than two weeks.
他新上任还不到两周。
No one is in the office now.
现在没人在办公室。
22. in charge of, in the charge of
in charge of  管理，负责照料
in the charge of  由……照料
例：
He is in charge of the matter.
他负责这件事。
The matter is in the charge of him.
这件事是由他负责的。
23. out of question, out of the question
out of question  毫无疑问；不成问题
out of the question  不可能的
例：
Getting some help from her is out of question.
得到她的帮助不成问题。
An expensive holiday is out of the question this year.
今年是不可能花好多钱去度假了。
24. a second, the second
a second  又一，再一
the second  第二
例：
I want a second apple.
我想再要一个苹果。
The couple lived on the second floor.
他们夫妻俩住在二楼。
25. by day, by the day
by day  白天
by the day  按天计算
例：
New York by night is very different from New York by day.
夜晚的纽约与白天的纽约大不相同。
The workers are paid by the day.
工人的工资是按天支付的。
26. it, one
it  同一物体
one  同类不同一
例：
There is a rosebush near the fence, and it is now blooming.
篱笆附近有丛玫瑰，现在正盛开着。
I lost my pen. I have to buy a new one.
我把钢笔丢了，不得不重新买一支了。
27. none, nothing, no one
none  强调有多少
nothing, no one  强调有没有
nothing  指物
no one  指人
例：
—How many people are there in the classroom? 教室里有多少人？
—None. They all went to the playground. 一个人也没有，他们都去操场了。
—Can I have some soup? 我能喝点汤吗？
—I’m afraid there’s none left. 恐怕没有了。
She knows nothing about our plans.
她对我们的计划一无所知。
There was no one else around.
周围没有其他人。
28. other, another
other  后接名词复数
another  后接名词单数
例：
One of her daughters lives in Texas and her two other daughters live in California.
她有一个女儿住在得克萨斯州，其他两个女儿住在加利福尼亚州。
Tomorrow is another day.
明天又是新的一天。
29. not a little, not a bit
not a little  非常
not a bit  一点也不
例：
His tone made me feel not a little ridiculous.
他的语气让我觉得自己非常可笑。
I m not a bit tired.
我一点儿也不累。
30. many, much, a lot of
many  和可数名词连用
much  和不可数名词连用
a lot of  可数，不可数均可，但不用于否定句
例：
She worked hard for many years.
她努力工作了许多年。
Fixing the problem will require much effort.
解决这个问题会很费力。
You can enjoy yourself without spending a lot of money.
你不用花很多钱也能玩得很开心。
What a lot of presents!
礼物真多啊！

31. no, not
no=not a/any
例：
no friend=not a/any friend  没有朋友
no water=not any water  没有水
32. no more than, not more than
no more than  仅仅，只有（相当于only）
not more than  至多，不超过
例：
The restaurant was no more than a glorified fast-food cafe.
这地方美其名曰餐馆，其实只不过是个快餐店而已。
There are not more than fifteen eggs in the basket.
篮子里至多有15个鸡蛋。
33. tall, high
tall  常指人或动物
high  常指物体
例：
All the children in my family grew up to be very tall.
我家所有的孩子长大后都是高个子。
The sun was high in the eastern sky.
太阳高高地挂在东边的天上。
34. fast, quickly
fast  侧重于指人或物体具有运动速度快的特点
quickly  侧重指某事完成或发生得快
例：
The two girls can run equally fast.
这两个女孩能跑得一样快。
They quickly settled the dispute.
他们很快平息了这场纠纷。
35. high, highly
high  具体的高
highly  高度地（抽象的高）
例：
The apartment has high ceilings.
这间公寓的天花板很高。
Her novels are very highly regarded.
她的小说受到很高的评价。
36. sleeping, asleep, sleepy
sleeping  正在睡觉的
asleep  睡着，熟睡（只能作表语）
sleepy  困的，有睡意的
例：
a sleeping baby  一个正在睡觉的婴儿
The baby is asleep.
那个婴儿睡着了。
I’m a little sleepy.
我有点儿犯困。
37. respectful, respectable
respectful  尊敬的；有礼貌的
respectable  体面的；得体的；值得尊敬的
例：
Children should be respectful of their elders.
小孩子应当尊敬他们的长辈。
Go and make yourself look respectable.
去把自己弄得体面点儿。
38. pleasant, pleased, pleasing
pleasant  令人愉快的；使人高兴的（常用作定语）
pleased  高兴的，满意的（主语常为人，常用作表语）
pleasing  令人愉快的，讨人喜欢的（主语常为物，常用作表语）
例：
We had a pleasant conversation.
我们进行了一次愉快的交谈。
She was very pleased with her exam results.
她对她的考试成绩非常满意。
Such a view is pleasing.
这样一种风景令人愉快。
39. close, closely
close  接近，靠近
closely  紧紧地，紧密地
例：
Our friends live close by.
我们的朋友住得不远。
The two ideas are very closely related.
这两种观点紧密相关。
40. ill, sick
ill  作表语
sick  定、表均可
例：
He had been ill for several years.
当时他已经病了好几年。
a sick child  生病的孩子
She is sick with the flu.
她患了流感。

41. good, well
good  形容词
well  副词，但指身体状况时是形容词
例：
I’m afraid your work is just not good enough.
恐怕你的工作做得还不够好。
She works well under pressure.
她在有压力的情况下工作得很出色。
I’m not feeling very well.
我感觉身体不太好。
42. hard, hardly
hard  努力（副词）
hardly  几乎不（副词）
例：
You have to work hard in order to succeed.
要想成功，你就必须努力。
I can hardly believe it.
我简直不敢相信。
43. late, lately
late  迟，晚
lately  最近，近来
例：
Hurry up or we’ll be late for school.
快点，不然我们上学就迟到了。
I haven’t seen him lately.
我最近没看到他。
44. living, alive, live, lively
living, alive, live均意为“活着的”
living  多用作定语
alive  定、表均可；定语后置
live  只能作定语
lively  意为“活泼的”
例：
all the living people=all the people alive  所有活着的人
The river is so dirty that no living things can live in it.
河水这么脏，没有生物能在里面生存。
The patient was barely alive.
病人已经奄奄一息。
She must be the happiest woman alive.
她一定是这个世上最幸福的女人。
They object to the use of live animals in scientific experiments.
他们反对在科学实验中使用活的动物。
The children are all lively and hearty.
孩子们都很活泼健康。
45. excited, exciting
excited  使人兴奋的（修饰人）
exciting  令人兴奋的（修饰物）
例：
They were excited about the trip.
他们对此次旅行感到兴奋。
This is a very exciting book.
这是一本精彩刺激的书。
46. deep, deeply
deep  深深地（具体的深）
deeply  深深地（抽象的深）
例：
The treasure was buried deep within the ground.
财宝深埋于地下。
I was deeply moved by the movie.
我觉得这部电影十分感人。
47. before long, long before
before long  不久；很快
long before  很久以前
not long before = before long
例：
Before long the light rain had turned into a heavy downpour.
顷刻之间，毛毛细雨变成了倾盆大雨。
We have seen that film long before.
我们早已看过那部电影了。
It was not long before Willie cried himself to sleep.
威利哭着哭着，没多久就睡着了。
48. instead, instead of
instead  副词，放在句首或句末
instead of  介词短语，放在句中
例：
He didn’t see a film. Instead he watched TV.
他没看电影，相反，他看电视了。
He watched TV instead of seeing a film.
他看电视了，而不是看电影了。
49. too much, much too
too much  后接不可数名词
much too  后接形容词
例：
Too much sun ages the skin.
晒太阳过多会使皮肤衰老。
These shoes are much too tight.
这双鞋太紧了。
50. raise, rise
raise  及物动词
rise  不及物动词
例：
We raised the flag to the top of the pole.
我们把旗子升到了旗杆顶端。
The sun rises in the east.
太阳从东方升起。51. bring, take, carry, fetch
bring  拿来
take  带走
carry  随身携带
fetch  去回这一往返动作
例：
I’ll bring a bottle of wine (with me) when I come to your party.
我会带上一瓶葡萄酒来参加你的聚会。
It looks like rain. You had better take an umbrella with you.
看起来要下雨，你最好带上雨伞。
I always carry $20 in case of an emergency.
我总是随身携带20美元，以备急用。
The inhabitants have to walk a mile to fetch water.
居民得走一英里路去取水。
52. spend, take, pay, cost
spend  花钱、花时间（人作主语）
take  花时间（物作主语）
pay  花钱（人作主语）
cost  花钱（物作主语）
例：
They spend a lot on clothes and cars.
他们在衣服和汽车上花很多钱。
I spent my summer working in a public library.
我整个暑假都在公共图书馆工作。
It will take several years to finish the bridge.
= The bridge will take several years to finish.
建这座桥需要几年时间。
He offered to pay for our dinner.
他主动为我们的晚餐付账。
The trip will cost you about $100 each way.
这趟旅行单程要花大约100美元。
53. join, join in, take part in
join  加入某个组织并成为其中的一员
join in  参加小型的活动
take part in  参加大型的活动
例：
He joined the army five years ago.
五年前他参军了。
The toddlers often join in the rough and tumble of the older children’s games.
刚会走路的小孩经常跟着大一些的孩子一起打打闹闹。
How many countries took part in the last Olympic Games?
有多少国家参加了上届奥运会？
54. leave, leave for
leave  离开
leave for  前往
例：
Don’t leave home without your wallet.
出门时别忘了带钱包。
Or you may leave for Lisbon tomorrow.
或许你可能明天前往里斯本。
He left Beijing for Shanghai.
他离开北京前往上海。
55. used to, be used to
used to do sth. 过去常常做某事
be used to (doing) sth.  习惯于（做）某事
be used to do sth.  被用来做某事
例：
We used to go sailing on the lake in summer. 
从前的夏天，我们经常泛舟湖上。
He is used to getting up early.
他习惯了早起。
This cream can be used to treat sundry minor injuries.
这种药膏可用来治各种轻伤。
56. win, beat
win  后接sth.（反义词为lose）
beat  后接sb.
例：
She will win the election.
她将会在选举中获胜。
He gets very angry when I beat him at chess.
每当我下棋赢他的时候，他都会非常恼火。
57. live on, live by
live on  以……为主食
live by  靠……谋生
例：
They lived mainly/mostly on fruits and berries.
他们主要以水果和浆果为食。
Many people in England live by spinning and weaving cotton.
在英国有很多人靠纺线和织布为生。
58. lose, miss
lose  丢失，遗失；失去；错过
miss  想念；错过
例：
Don’t lose your keys.
别把钥匙丢了。
Try not to lose patience with the children.
尽量不要对孩子失去耐心。
I don’t want to lose this chance/opportunity.
我不想浪费这次机会。
We miss our old friends.
我们怀念老朋友。
I would hate to miss this opportunity.
我不愿错过这次机会。
59. be tired of, be tired with/from
be tired of  厌烦……
be tired with/from  因为……而累了
例：
I am tired of my untidy hair.
我厌烦我乱糟糟的头发。
You may be tired with reading, but you should not be tired of it.
看书可能使你疲劳，但不应该对看书感到厌烦。
I thought the ants would be tired from their daylong work.
我认为这些蚂蚁会因为成天劳动而累了。
60. care about, care for
care about  关心，计较，在乎
care for  照看，照料；喜欢；想要
例：
He doesn’t care about his clothes.
他不在乎穿衣打扮。
I cared for his cat while he was away.
他不在时，我帮忙照看他的猫。
He sent flowers to show that he cares for you.
他送鲜花表达对你的爱意。
I don’t care for jelly beans.
我不爱吃软心糖豆。
I don’t care for any more coffee.
我不再要咖啡了。

61. feed, raise
feed  给喂食；提供食物；供应，养活
raise  饲养；种植；培养；养育
例：
We feed the horses with apples, oats, and hay.
我们给马喂苹果、燕麦和干草。
These supplies could feed a small army for a week.
这些补给可供一小支部队维持一周。
He raises chickens on his farm.
他在自己的农场养鸡。
This is a wonderful place to raise a family.
这里是安家的理想之地。
62. mean to do, mean doing
mean to do  打算/想要做某事
mean doing  意思是；意味着
例：
I never meant to do anything that would hurt her at all.
我从来不会想做任何可能伤害她的事。
Sticking to a plan doesn’t mean doing the plan perfectly each time.
坚持一个计划并不意味着每次都要完美地执行计划。
63. a girl, one girl
a girl  可泛指所有女孩
one girl  一个女孩
例：
Don’t make disparaging comments about a girl’s physical appearance.
不要对女生的穿着打扮作轻蔑的批评。
Can one girl carry such a big box?
一个女孩能搬得动这么大的盒子吗？
64. in place of, in the place of
in place of  代替
in the place of  在……地方
例：
The prince ruled the kingdom in place of his father.
= The prince ruled the kingdom in his father’s place.
王子代替他父亲治理王国。
A new building is built in the place of the old one.
在旧楼的地方建了一座新楼。
65. in secret, in the secret
in secret  秘密地，暗自地，偷偷地（一般用作状语）
in the secret  知道内情，知道秘密（一般用作表语）
例：
In secret, they began drafting their message.
他们开始秘密起草信息。
My mother was in the secret from the beginning.
我母亲从一开始就知道这个秘密。
66. take a chair, take the chair
take a chair  坐下（相当于sit down）
take the chair  主持（会议）
例：
“Take a chair, Mr. Pip,” said my guardian.
“请坐，皮普先生，”我的监护人说。
Who will take the chair today?
今日谁主持会议？
67. die from, die of
die from  主要指环境、事故等外部原因造成的死亡
die of  主要指疾病、衰老等自身的原因造成的死亡，也用于忧愁、失恋等精神因素造成的死亡
若死因是环境影响到体内，即两方面共有的原因，则of, from均可。
例：
Millions die early from air pollution each year.
每年数百万人过早地死于空气污染。
They say that he died of a broken heart.
他们说他因伤心而死。
The spy was caught alive though he died from/of wounds the next day.
特务被活捉，不过第二天便因重伤而死。
68. pay for, pay back, pay off
pay for  为……付钱
pay back  还钱，但不一定还清
pay off  还清
例：
How will you be paying for your purchase: (in) cash, (by) check, or (with a) credit card?
你怎么付费，现金、支票还是信用卡？
I’ll pay you back when I get the money.
我拿到钱后就还你。
It would take him the rest of his life to pay off that loan.
还清那笔贷款将花费他的余生。
69. arrive, get, reach
arrive  不及物动词，后接in（大地点），at（小地点）
get  不及物动词，后接to
reach  及物动词
例：
When do you expect them to arrive in Boston?
你预计他们什么时候到波士顿？
We had some dinner before arriving at the station.
到火车站前，我们吃了点儿饭。
We got to the station just in time.
我们正好及时赶到车站。
We reached California after driving for two days.
我们开了两天车之后抵达加利福尼亚。
70. manage, try
manage to do  设法做成了某事
try to do  尽力去做某事但不一定成功
例：
We were poor, but we still managed to have enough to eat.
我们那时很穷，但还是设法弄到了足够的食物。
He tried to pass the exam, but he failed.
他试图通过考试，但失败了。

71. be familiar to, be familiar with
be familiar to  某物对某人来说是熟悉的
be familiar with  某人熟悉某物
例：
The book is familiar to me.
这本书我很熟悉。
I’m familiar with the book.
这本书我很熟悉。
72. agree with, agree to, agree on
agree with  同意某人
agree to  同意某事
agree on  在……上达成一致意见
例：
I totally agree with you.
我完全同意你的观点。
Do you think he’ll agree to their proposal?
你认为他会同意他们的建议吗？
Can we agree on a date?
我们能否约定一个日期？
73. receive, accept
receive  收到某一东西，但不一定接受
accept  接受
例：
I received a gift, but I didn’t accept it.
我收到一份礼物，但我没有接受。
74. wear, dress, put on
wear  表状态，接衣服作宾语，可用于进行时
dress  既可以表状态，也可以表动作，接人作宾语
put on  表动作
例：
He was wearing blue jeans.
他穿着蓝色牛仔裤。
That lady was luxuriously dressed.
那个女士衣着华丽。
They dressed themselves in a hurry.
他们匆忙穿上衣服。
It’s cold outside. Put on your warm clothes.
外面很冷，穿上厚衣服吧。
75. listen, hear
listen  强调动作
hear  强调结果
例：
I listened, but I heard nothing.
我听了，但我什么也听不见。
76. look, see, watch
look  看的动作
see  看的结果
watch  强调所看物体的变化、移动和发展
例：
Look both ways before you cross the street.
过马路之前要先看看两边的情况。
It was so dark that I couldn’t see anything.
太黑了，我什么也看不见。
She sat and watched the children play.
她坐在那里看着孩子们玩。
77. lie, lay
lie  躺，位于（lay, lain）；说谎（lied, lied）
lay  平放（laid, laid）
例：
The doctor asked him to lie on the table.
医生让他躺到台子上。
I can’t believe you lied to me.
我不敢相信你竟然对我说谎。
He laid the newspaper down on the desk.
他把报纸放在书桌上。
78. injure, hurt, wound
injure  通常用于表示人或动物的身体因某事物（如事故）而受到伤害
hurt  与injure意思相同，但常强调对身体或情感的伤害
wound  战争中受伤
例：
Two people were badly injured in the accident.
在这次事故中有两人受重伤。
It hurt me to see her go.
看到她离开，我很伤心。
He was wounded in the war.
他在战争中受伤了。
79. turn, get, grow
turn  侧重指与原来变得截然不同，后常接表颜色的词
get  强调变的结果
grow  强调过程，指逐渐的变化
例：
The leaves turn yellow in the fall.
树叶在秋天变成黄色。
I got sick last week but I’m feeling better now.
我上周病了，但现在感觉好多了。
He’s worried about growing old.
他担心变老。
80. happen, take place
happen  泛指一切客观事物或情况的发生，强调动作的偶然性
take place  指通过人为安排的发生
例：
You never know what’s going to happen when they get together.
你永远不知道他们聚在一起会发生什么事。
The wedding is set to take place this July.
婚礼定于今年七月举行。

81. at, in (表地点)
at  小地点
in  大地点
例：
We will stay at a hotel.
我们会住在宾馆里。
We went skiing in France in March.
三月份我们去法国滑雪了。
82. increase to, increase by
increase to  增长到……
increase by  增长了……
例：
The number of customers has increased to more than 5,000.
客户数量已经增加到5000多家。
Their pace increased by 23 percent, in fact.
事实上，他们的速度提高了23%。
83. since, for (现在完成时态的时间状语)
since  接时间点或一句话
for  接一段时间
例：
The company has been in its present location since the beginning of the century.
自本世纪初以来，这家公司就一直在现在这个地方。
He has had two jobs since he graduated.
他毕业后做过两份工作。
We have lived here for 5 years.
我们在这儿住了五年了。
84. on earth, on the earth, in the earth
on earth  在世上，在人间；到底，究竟
on the earth  在地上，在地球上
in the earth  在地下，在泥土里
例：
He says that nothing on earth will change his mind.
他说世界上没有什么能够改变他的主意。
Where on earth are my keys?
我的钥匙到底在哪儿？
This disappearance made possible the rise of mammals on the earth.
恐龙的灭绝使地球上哺乳动物的产生有了可能。
High grade matsutake hides deep in the earth.
品质高的松茸都隐藏在土层之下。
85. in surprise, to one’s surprise
in surprise  惊奇地
to one’s surprise  使某人吃惊的是
例：
The teachers looked at her in surprise.
老师们都惊讶地看着她。
To our surprise, he could finish it on time.
让我们惊讶的是，他竟然能按时完成任务。
86. in the air, on the air, in the sky
in the air  半空中；在传播中，流行，被感觉到；即将发生；正在酝酿中；悬而未决
on the air  播送，广播
in the sky  在天空中
例：
There’s romance in the air.
有种浪漫的气氛。
Many changes are in the air.
许多变革即将来临。
Our travel plans are still up in the air.
我们的旅行计划尚未决定。
His show is on the air at 6:00 tonight.
他的节目将于今晚六点播出。
You would see an enormous sun in the sky.
你会在天空中看到一个巨大的太阳。
87. through, across
through  穿越空间
across  在……上穿过
例：
We rode our mountain bikes through the woods.
我们骑山地自行车穿过了树林。
We took a ferry across the river.
我们搭渡船过河。
88. on the way, in the way
on the way  在前往……的路上
in the way  挡路；妨碍，阻碍
例：
She stopped for gas on the way home.
她在回家的路上停车加油。
The wardrobe is in the way.
大立柜挡住了道。
We won’t let anything stand in the way of progress!
我们不会让进展受到任何阻碍的！
89. above, on, over
above  在上面，不接触
on  在上面，接触
over  在正上方
例：
The stars shone above.
星星在天空闪烁。
There is a lot of frosting on the cake.
蛋糕上有很多糖霜。
There was a lamp hanging over the table.
桌子上方吊着一盏灯。
90. until, not…until
until  到……为止
not ... until  直到……才
例：
I waited until 3:00.
我一直等到3点。
He didn’t come until 3:00.
他直到3点才来。

91. besides, except, except for
besides  除了……还（包括在内）
except  除了（不包括在内）
except for  整体……除了某一点以外
例：
She wants to learn other languages besides English and French.
除了英语和法语之外，她还想学习其他语言。
Everyone was invited except me.
除我以外，所有人都受到了邀请。
The composition is good except for a few spelling mistakes.
除了几个拼写错误外，这篇作文写得很好。
92. whether, if
当“是否”解时，只有在宾语从句中二者可以互换，其余都用whether；
当“如果”解时，用if。
例：
I don’t know if/whether he will come.
我不知道他是否会来。
If he comes, I’ll let you know.
如果他来了，我会转告你的。
93. because, since, as, for
原因由强到弱为：because, since, as, for
because  从属连词，语意强，着重直接的原因或理由，所引出的从句是全句的重心，用以回答why提出的问题；
since  语意比because弱，但比as强，一般用于表示“由于大家已知的事实”；
as  从属连词，语意较because, since弱，着重在主句，所表示的原因或理由是“附带的”；
for  并列连词，语气较弱，所引出的句子一般放在后面，表示附带说明的理由或推断理由。
例：
—Why didn’t she come? 她为什么没来？
—Because she was very busy. 因为她很忙。
We were late because our car wouldn’t start.
我们因为汽车抛锚而迟到了。
Since you’ve been here a while, you might as well stay.
既然你已经来了一段时间，就不妨继续待下去。
As I’m a pacifist, I’m against all wars.
因为我是个和平主义者，我反对一切战争。
It must have rained last night, for the ground is wet this morning.
昨晚一定下过雨，你看今天早上地面是湿的。
94. when, as, while (表时间)
when  所引导的从句，其谓语动词既可是持续动词，也可是短暂动词；谓语动词动作发生的时间可以与主句谓语动词的动作是同时，或之前、之后；
as  侧重指从句与主句的动作同时进行，谓语动词可以是持续性的，可以是短暂性动词；
while  句中的谓语动词应为持续动词，不用短暂动词，谓语动作发生的时间通常与主句谓语动词动作发生时间是同时。
例：
They cap when they pass the president.
他们经过院长面前时脱帽行礼。
We went fishing when we were on vacation.
我们度假时去钓鱼了。
As I was leaving the house, the postman arrived.
我正要离开家的时候，邮递员到了。
While I slept, a thief broke in.
我正在睡觉的时候，一个贼破门而入。
95. the same ... as, the same ... that
the same ... as  和……一样的（相似但不同一）
the same ... that  同一物体（that引导的定语从句，强调前后两个就是一个东西）
例：
Your pen is the same color as mine.（相似但不同一）
你的钢笔颜色和我的一样。
This is the same pen that I used yesterday.（同一支笔）
这就是我昨天用的那支钢笔。
96. as well, as well as
as well  常放于句末，和and连用，表示“既……又……”
as well as  并列连词，表示“不但……而且……”
例：
He is a professor, and a writer as well.
他既是一名教授，也是一名作家。
It’s a theoretical matter as well as a practical one.
这不仅是个实践问题，也是个理论问题。
97. such ... as, such ... that
such ... as  像……样的
such ... that  如此……以至于
例：
He is not such a fool as he looks like.
他并不像看上去那么傻。
He is such a good student that all the teachers like him.
他是一个好学生，所有的老师都喜欢他。
98. because, because of
because  连词，连接两句话
because of  介词短语，后接单词或短语
例：
I think it’s the right thing to do because it gives everyone a fair chance.
我认为这么做是正确的，因为这给予每个人公平的机会。
He didn’t go to school because of his illness.
由于生病，所以他没上学。
99. in order to, in order that (表目的)
in order to  后接动词原形
in order that  后接句子
例：
I got up early in order to catch the first bus.
我早起是为了赶上第一班公交车。
These soldiers gave their lives in order that we may live in a safer and more peaceful world.
为了让我们更安全、更和平地生活，士兵们献出了生命。

1. clothes, cloth, clothing 
clothes统指各种衣服，谓语动词永远是复数， 
cloth指布，为不可数名词 
clothing 服装的总称，指一件衣服用a piece of, an article of

2. amount, number 
amount后接不可数名词， 
number后接可数名词   
a number of students

3. sound, voice, noise 
sound自然界各种各样的声音，
voice人的嗓音，
noise噪音
I hate the loud noise outside.

4. cause, reason 
cause 指造成某一事实或现象的直接原因，后接of sth./doing sth，
reason用来解释某种现象或结果的理由，后接for sth./doing sth. 
the reason for being late

5. exercise, exercises, practice 
exercise运动，锻炼（不可数），
exercises练习（可数），
practice（反复做的）练习 
Practice makes perfect.

6. officer, official 
officer部队的军官，
official政府官员 
an army officer

7. work, job 
二者均指工作。
work不可数，
job可数 
a good job

8. cook, cooker 
cook厨师，
cooker厨具
He is a good cook.

9. problem, question 
problem常和困难连系，前面的动词常为think about, solve, raise，
question常和疑问连系，多和ask, answer连用

10. a number of, the number of 
a number of 许多，谓语动词用复数。
the number of…的数目，谓语动词用单数。
The number of students is increasing.

11. chick, chicken 
二者均可指小鸡，chicken还可以当鸡肉 
The chicken is delicious.

12. trip, journey, travel, voyage 
travel是最常用的，
trip指短期的旅途，
journey指稍长的旅途，
voyage指海上航行 
a three-day trip

13. in front of, in the front of 
in front of 范围外的前面，
in the front of 范围内的前面 
In the front of the room sits a boy.

14. three of us, the three of us 
three of us 我们（不止三个）中的三个，
the three of us我们三个（就三个人）
The three of us---Tom, Jack and I went to the cinema.

15. by bus, on the bus 
by bus 表手段，方式，不用冠词，
on the bus 表范围 
They went there by bus.

16. for a moment, for the moment 
for a moment 片刻，一会儿，
for the moment 暂时，一时 
Thinking for a moment, he agreed.

17. in a word, in words 
in a word 总之，一句话，
in words 口头上 
In a word, you are right.

18. in place of, in the place of 
in place of 代替，
in the place of 在…地方 
A new building is built in the place of the old one.

19. go to sea, by sea, by the sea 
go to sea 当海员，出航，
by sea 乘船，由海路， 
by the sea 在海边 
go by sea

20. the doctor and teacher, the doctor and the teacher 
the doctor and teacher 指一个人，既是医生又是老师，
the doctor and the teacher 两个人，一个医生和一个老师

21. in office, in the office 
in office 在职的，
in the office 在办公室里
He is in office, not out of office.

22. in charge of, in the charge of 
in charge of 管理，负责照料， 
in the charge of 由……照料 
He is in charge of the matter. 
The matter is in the charge of her.

23. out of question, out of the question 
out of question 毫无疑问的，
out of the question 不可能的

24. a second, the second 
a second 又一，再一，
the second 第……
He won the second prize.

25. by day, by the day 
by day 白天，
by the day 按天计算 
The workers are paid by the day.

26. it, one 
it 同一物体，
one 同类不同一 
I lost my pen. I have to buy a new one.

27. none, nothing, no one 
none 强调有多少，
nothing, no one强调有没有，
nothing指物，no one指人　
--- How many…/How much…? 
--- None.

28. other, another 
other后接名词复数，
another后接名词单数 
other students, another student

29. not a little, not a bit 
not a little 非常，
not a bit 一点也不
I m not a bit tired. 
我一点儿也不累。

30. many, much, a lot of 
many 和可数名词连用，
much 和不可数名词连用，
a lot of 可数，不可数均可，但不用于否定句
I haven t many books.

31. no, not 
no = not a/any no friend = not a/any friend no water = not any water

32. no more than, not more than 
no more than 相当于only，仅仅，只有，
not more than 至多，不超过

33. tall, high 
tall 常指人或动物，
high 常指物体 
He is tall.

34. fast, quickly 
fast 侧重于指人或物体具有运动速度快的特点，
quickly 侧重指某事完成或发生的快 
run fast, answer the question quickly

35. high, highly 
high 具体的高，
highly 抽象的高，高度的
think highly of

36. sleeping, asleep, sleepy 
sleeping 正在睡觉，
asleep 睡着，熟睡，只能做表语，
sleepy 困的，有睡意的
a sleeping baby 
The baby is asleep. 
I’m sleepy.

37. respectful, respectable 
respectful 尊敬，有礼貌，
respectable可敬的，值得尊敬的 
be respectful to the aged

38. pleasant, pleased, pleasing 
pleasant 常用作定语，
pleased, pleasing 常用作表语，
pleased 主语常为人，
pleasing 主语常为物
a pleasant trip 
The trip is pleasing.

39. close, closely 
close 接近，靠近，
closely 紧紧地，紧密地
closely connected, 
stand close

40. ill, sick 
ill 做表语，
sick 定，表均可 
a sick boy

41. good, well 
good 形容词，
well 副词，但指身体状况是形容词 
He is well again.

42. hard, hardly 
hard 努力，
hardly 几乎不 
work hard 
I can hardly believe it.

43. late, lately 
late 迟，晚，
lately 最近，近来 
I haven t seen him lately.

44. living, alive, live, lively 
living, alive, live 均为活着的，
living 定表均可，
alive 定表均可，定语后置，
live 只能做定语，
lively 意为活波的
all the living people=all the people alive

45. excited, exciting 
excited 使人兴奋的，
exciting 令人兴奋的
I m excited. 
The news is exciting.

46. deep, deeply 
deep 具体的深，
deeply 抽象的深，深深地 
deeply moved, dig deep

47. before long, long before 
before long 不久以后，
long before 很久以前 
not long before = before long

48. instead, instead of 
instead 是副词，放在句首或句末，
instead of是介词短语，放在句中
He didn t see a film. Instead he watched TV. 
He watched TV instead of seeing a film.

49. too much, much too 
too much 后接不可数名词，
much too 后接形容词 
much too heavy

50. raise, rise 
raise 及物动词，
rise不及物动词 
The sun rises in the east.

51. bring, take, carry, fetch 
bring 拿来，
take 带走，
carry 随身携带，
fetch 去回这一往返动作
fetch a box of chalk

52. spend, take, pay, cost 
spend 人做主语，花钱，花时间; spend…on sth./in doing sth; 
take 物做主语，花时间; 
pay 人做主语，花钱，pay for;
cost 物做主语，花钱

53. join, join in, take part in 
join 加入某个组织，并成为其中的一员；
join in 参加小型的活动, join sb. in；
take part in 参加大型的活动 
He joined the army five years ago.

54. leave, leave for 
leave 离开，
leave for 前往 
He left Beijing for Shanghai.

55. used to, be used to 
used to 过去常常，
be used to习惯于，后接 sth./doing sth.；被用来，后接 do sth.
He is used to getting up early.

56. win, lose, beat 
win 后接 sth.，反义词为lose,
beat 后接 sb. 
win the game, beat them

57. live on, live by 
live on 以…为主食，
live by 靠…谋生 
live on fish/ live by fishing

58. lose, miss 
lose 失去（具体的物体），错过 sth. is lost, lose the chance；
miss 想念，错过 sth. is missing, miss the chance

59. be tired of, be tired with/from 
be tired of 厌烦…，
be tired with/from 因为…而累了
be tired with / from running 800 meters

60. care about, care for 
care about 关心，计较，在乎，一般多用于否定句中；
care for 关心，照料，喜欢，愿意
He doesn t care about his clothes. I don t care for movies.

61. feed, raise 
feed 喂养，养活，饲养 (to give food to)，
raise 饲养，养育 (cause to grow, bring up children) raise the family

62. mean to do, mean doing 
mean to do 打算，想要做某事，
mean doing 意思是，意味着 
By this I mean giving the students more practice.

63. a girl, one girl
a girl 可泛指所有女孩, 
one girl 一个女孩
Can one girl carry such a big box?

64. in place of, in the place of
in place of 代替，
in the place of 在…地方 
A new building is built in the place of the old one.

65. in secret, in the secret
in secret 秘密地，暗自地，偷偷地，一般用作状语；
in the secret 知道内情，知道秘密，一般用作表语 
My mother was in the secret from the beginning.

66. take a chair, take the chair
take a chair 相当于
sit down 坐下，
take the chair 开始开会

67. die from, die of 
die from 表示死于（枪）伤，虚弱，过度劳累，饮食过度等，
die of 表示死于疾病，饥饿，寒冷，年老，忧愁，失恋等精神因素
die of hunger and cold

68. pay for, pay back, pay off 
pay for 为…付钱，
pay back 还钱，但不一定还清，
pay off 还清 
pay for the book, pay off the debt

69. arrive, get, reach 
arrive 不及物动词，后接in (大地点)，at(小地点)，
get不及物动词后接 to，
reach及物动词
arrive in Beijing, get to Beijing, reach Beijing

70. manage, try 
manage to do 设法做成了某事，
try to do 尽力去做某事但不一定成功 
He tried to pass the exam, but he failed.

71. be familiar to, be familiar with 
be familiar to 某物对某人来说是熟悉的，
be familiar with 某人熟悉某物 
The book is familiar to me. I m familiar with the book.

72. agree with, agree to, agree on 
agree with 同意某人，
agree to 同意某事，
agree on 在…上达成一致意见，主语是复数 
agree with you
agree to the plan

73. receive, accept 
receive 收到某一东西，但不一定接受，
accept 接受
I received a gift, but I didn t accept it.

74. wear, put on, dress 
wear 和 dress 表状态,
wear 接衣服等,可用进行时，
dress接人,be dressed in, 
put on 表动作 
It s cold outside. Put on your warm clothes.

75. listen, hear 
listen 强调动作，
hear 强调结果
I listened, but I heard nothing.

76. look, see, watch 
look 看的动作，
see 看的结果，
watch 强调所看物体的变化、移动和发展
watch TV

77. lie, lay 
lie 躺，位于(lay, lain),说谎(lied, lied)，
lay 平放 (laid, laid) lay the book

78. hurt, injure, wound 
hurt 感情上受伤，
injure 事故中受伤，
wound 战争中受伤
He was wounded in the war.

79. turn, get, grow 
turn 表突变，后常接表颜色的词，
get 强调变的结果，
grow 强调过程，逐渐的变化
turn yellow, 
get tired, 
grow big

80. happen, take place 
happen 偶然性的没有预料到的事情的发生，
take place 必然性的发生 
Great changes have taken place in my hometown.

81. at, in (表地点) 
at 小地点，
in 大地点
arrive at a small village, 
arrive in Shanghai

82. increase to, increase by 
increase to 增长到…，
increase by 增长了… 
The number increased by 2,000 to 5,000.

83. since, for (完成时间状语) 
since 接点时间或一句话，
for 接一段时间
for three years, 
since 3:00

84. on earth, on the earth, in the earth 
on earth 在世上，在人间，到底，究竟，一点也不，
on the earth 在地上，在地球上，
in the earth 在地下，在泥土里 
no use on earth

85. in surprise, to one s surprise
in surprise 惊奇地，
to one s surprise 使某人吃惊的是，

86. in the air, on the air, in the sky 
in the air 正在酝酿中，
on the air 播送，广播，
in the sky 在天空中 
His show is on the air at 6:00 tonight.

87. through, across 
through 穿越空间，
across 在…上穿过 
through the forest, 
across the desert

88. on the way, in the way 
on the way 在前往…的路上，
in the way 挡路
The chair is in the way.

89. above, on, over 
above 在上面，不接触，
on 在上面，接触，
over在正上方
fly over the hill

90. until, not…until 
until 到…为止，
not…until 直到…才（常跟点动词连用）
I waited until 3:00. 
He didn t come until 3:00.

91. besides, except, except for 
besides 除了…还（包括在内）
except 除了（不包括在内），
except for 整体…除了某一点以外 
The composition is good except for a few spelling mistakes.

92. whether, if 
当是否解时，只有在宾语从句中二者可以互换，其余都用whether，当如果解时用if
I don t know if/whether he will come. If he comes, I ll let you know.

93. because, since, as, for 
原因由强到弱为：because, since/as, for. 
在句中的位置如下：
1)…because… 
2) Since/as…, … 
3) …, for… 
Since I was ill, I didn t go.

94. when, as, while (表时间) 
when 从句动词点动词，持续性动词均可，
as 重在表示动作同时发生，伴随进行，
while从句动词为持续性动词
While I slept, a thief broke in.

95. the same…as, the same…that 
the same…as 和…一样的（相似但不同一），
the same…that 同一物体 
This is the same pen that I used yesterday. (同一支笔)

96. as well, as well as 
as well 也，常放于句末，和and连用表示既…又；
as well as 并列连词，不但…而且…
He is a professor, and a writer as well.

97. such…as, such…that 
such…as 像…样的，
such…that 如此…以至于 
He is not such a fool as he looks like. 
He is such a good student that all the teachers like him.

99. because, because of 
because 连词，连接两句话，
because of 介词短语，后接词或短语
He didn t go to school because of his illness.

100. in order that, in order to 
表目的，in order that 后接句子，in order to后接动词原形
I got up early in order to catch the first bus. 
I got up early so that I could catch the first bus.