高考英语核心词汇拓展  Day 21

401. measure /ˈmeʒə(r)/ v. 测/度/计/估/衡量；n.度量单位，计量标准；措施，办法
【拓展】
be measured by/in用……来衡量
measure for为…量… make a measure for sb/sth
make ... to one's measure      按某人的尺寸做……
take measures to do sth.     采取措施做某事
to one’s measure按照某人尺寸 
【例句】①Education shouldn't be measured purely by examination results. 教育不应该纯粹以考试成绩来衡量。
②You should take effective measures to improve your workers' working conditions. 你们应该采取有效措施改善你们工人的工作环境。
③In the old days, my mother always made new clothes to my own measure with the Spring Festival coming. 过去，妈妈在春节来临时总是为我量身做新衣服。
【点津】measure作名词表示“措施”时，常用其复数形式。作动词表示“有……长/宽/高”时，为不及物动词，不用于被动语态和进行时，若此意义的短语作后置定语，要用现在分词形式。
【串记】To know the measurement of the spaceship you should take some measures to measure it by yourself. 要知道这个飞船的尺寸，你需要自己采取措施测量。
402. meet /mi:t/(met，met) vt. 遇见，见到，结识；迎接；遭遇; 满足，达到；n. 会，集会
【拓展】
meet one’s need/requirement/standard 满足某人的需要
meet with 偶然遇到; 碰到; 遭受; 和…会面
meet up with遇见，赶上
meeting n. 见/会面；会议；机会；运动会
sports meeting运动会
hold a meeting开会．举行会议
【例句】She is the girl whom you meet at the airport.她就是你在机场遇见的那个女孩。
【串记】Yesterday I met with Jack.Ma and we had a meeting in which I put up with some suggestions which meet his requirements of improving Tao Bao. 昨天我和马云见面了，我们开了会，会上我提出的建议符合他改进淘宝的需求。
mention ['menʃn]  v.& n．提到，涉及；说起
【拓展】
(1)mention doing sth.提到做某事
向某人提及……
not to mention ＝ without mentioning更不必说，更谈不上
Don't mention it. 不要客气/不用谢/没关系。
(2) make (no) mention of (没)提及，(没)提到
【例句】①In the interview, the singer mentioned her childhood to the journalist.在采访过程中，歌手向记者提及了她的童年时代。
②The boy is good at advanced mathematics, not to mention such an easy problem.这男孩连高等数学都擅长，更不用说这么简单的问题了。
③Whenever I mention playing football, he says he's too busy.我一跟他提踢足球的事，他就说太忙。
mess/mes/ n. 混乱；混杂；脏乱 v. 弄糟；弄乱；妨碍
【拓展】
in a mess 乱七八糟, 繁乱
make a mess of把……弄糟
mess about(around)混日子，消磨时间；干预，篡改，胡闹；开玩笑
mess up把……弄糟(弄乱，弄脏)
mess with干预，打扰
【例句】①I've never seen so much mess and disorder!我从来没见过这么乱七八糟的样子。
②Ten the boys to stop messing up the room．告诉那些男孩们别把屋子弄乱了。
403. mind /maɪnd/ n. 头脑，心；思维，智力；心思，想法；v.  介意，关心；注意，小心(watch)
【拓展】
mind doing sth. 介意做某事
bear/keep in mind 记住; 怀; 挂心
change one’s mind 改变某人的想法
come into one’s mind 突然想到
have sb./sth. in mind 担心某人/某事
make up one’s mind 某人下定决心
on one’s mind (烦心事)在心头
mind your own business 别多管闲事
never mind没有关系，不要记在心上
absent-minded a. 健忘的，心不在焉的
single-minded a. 专一的；诚心的；纯真的
open-minded a思想开明的；无偏见的
mindful a. 留心的，注意的；警觉的
mindless a. 愚笨的；不小心的；无意识的
Would/Do you mind＋[one (宾格)/one's]＋doing sth.?表示请求允许或询问对方是否介意自己或别人做某事。
Would you mind＋if从句？(从句中要用一般过去时)
Do you mind＋if从句？(从句中常用一般现在时)表示询问对方是否介意某人做某事。
【例句】①There were all kinds of thoughts running through my mind. 各种念头在我脑海中闪过。
②Would you mind my asking you/if I asked you a private question？你是否介意我问你一个私人问题吗？
【串记】An open-minded person doesn’t mean that he or she is mindless, on the contrary an open-minded person can be very mindful. 一个思想开明的人，并不意味着他（她）是一个愚笨的人，相反地这个人可能非常警觉。
minority [maɪ'nɒrəti] n．少数民族；少数
【拓展】
(1)a/the minority of少数的
be in the/a minority  占少数
(2)majority n.      多数，多半
be in the/a majority  占多数
a/the majority of      ……的大多数
【例句】①Only a minority of America households don't have a car. 美国只有少数家庭没有汽车。
②We are in the minority on this issue. 在这件事情上我们占少数。
③The majority of the damage is easy to repair. 大部分损失容易补救。
【点津】minority/majority作主语，强调整体时，谓语动词用单数形式；强调群体中的每一个个体时，谓语动词用复数形式；a/the minority/majority of＋n.作主语时，谓语动词视of后名词的单复数而定。
404. miss /mɪs/ v. 未击中；错过；未领会；躲开，避过；想/怀念
【拓展】
miss doing sth. 错过/想念做某事
miss out 遗漏；(被)略去；错过机会
missing a. 失去的; 下落不明的
【例句】We have missed you badly since you were gone．自你走后我们非常惦念你。
【串记】I miss my missing pet, it was my fault that I miss out the opportunity to get it back. 我想念我丢失的那只宠物了，是我的错，是我错过了将它找回来的机会。
405. mistake /mɪˈsteɪk/ (mistook，mistaken) n. 错/失误；vt. 弄错，误会
【拓展】
mistake for把……误认为
by mistake错误地；无意中(做了错事)
make a mistake犯错误
mistaken a. 弄错的，理解错误的；错误的
【例句】He always makes spelling mistakes．他总是犯拼写错误。
【串记】Lily was mistaken by her teacher Lucy because Lucy opened the wrong box by mistake. 莉莉被她的老师露西误解了，因为露西错误地打开了盒子。
406. mix /mɪks/ v. (使)混/融/掺合，搅拌；调制/配；交往
【拓展】
mix sth. with sth.   把某物与某物混合起来
mix with sth.          与某物相融合
mix up              混淆，弄乱；搅匀
mix ... up with ...      把……和……搞混了
mixed adj. 混合的，混杂的
be mixed with 与…混合在一起
mixture n. 混合，混杂; 混杂的事物
【例句】①He is famous for mixing Chinese musical traditions with western forms and instrumentation.他因把中国的音乐传统和西方的音乐形式和乐器演奏融合在一起而闻名。
②Shake the bottle well so that the oil mixes with the vinegar.充分摇动瓶子使油和醋混合。
③It's common to mix him up with his brother; they're twin brothers.把他同他的弟弟搞混了是常有的事，因为他们是双胞胎。
【串记】Oil and water do not mix however alcohol can mix with water. 油和水不相融然而酒精和水可以相融。
407. mood /mu:d/ n. 心境；情绪；语气；气氛
【拓展】
be in the mood for sth．/(to do sth．)有做某事的心情
change one's mood转变心情
moody a．不高兴的，忧郁的；喜怒无常的
【例句】I'm not in the mood for reading(to read)我没有心情看书。
【串记】Tom is a moody cat sometimes he is in the mood to do anything sometimes he has no mood to do anything. 汤姆是一只喜怒无常的猫儿，有时他有心情做任何事，有时做什么事都没有心情。
【辨析】mood一般用词，表示心理上暂时的、一时的状态，由某种感情或欲望所控制的心情、情绪，也指由于一时的欲望而产生想做某事的心思；temper(性情、情绪)指由一种感情所支配的情绪，即性情、脾气，也指某人解决问题时的心情，特别是动怒的情况emotion(情绪、情感)指人受到某种刺激，心理上或生理上发生的强烈的激动，如喜、怒、哀、乐等。
408. move /mu:v/ v. 移动，搬动，搬家；感动 n. 移/行/搬动
【拓展】
move about走来走去
move away离去，迁走
move on继续前进·出发
moving a. 活动的，可移动的; 感人的
moved a. 受感动的
movement n. 运动; 活动; 动作; 乐章
【例句】①I can hear somebody moving about upstairs．我听见楼上有人在不停地走动。
②One false move loses the whole game．一着不慎，满盘皆输。
【串记】Lyn is moved by a moving film which tells a couple keeps moving around the world fighting for the movement of liberation.琳被一部感人的电影感动了，电影中讲述了一对情侣为解放运动环游世界进行斗争。
narrow /'nærəʊ/ adj.狭窄的；狭隘的；勉强的v.(使)变窄；缩小
(1)narrow­minded adj.心胸狭窄的
a narrow escape      死里逃生，险些遇难
a narrow majority/victory/defeat微弱多数/险胜/勉强击败
(2)narrow down      缩小……的范围
narrow ...to ...      把……局限在……之内
(3)narrowly adv.      勉强地
【例句】①The young man has won the election by a narrow majority.这个年轻人以微弱多数赢得了这次选举。
②The heavy traffic crawled through the narrow tunnel.拥挤的车辆慢吞吞地穿过狭窄的隧道。
③Last year I had a narrow escape, so I don't want to risk my life a second time.去年我死里逃生，因此我不想再去冒生命危险了。
④There are easy ways to narrow down your choice. 有简单的方法来缩小你的选择范围。
409. nation/ˈneɪʃn/ n. 民族；国家/民
【拓展】
national a. 国家的; 国有的; 国民的
international a. 国际的; 两国（或以上）国家的nationality n. 国籍; 国家; 民族性; 部落
【例句】①No agreement was reached between the two nations．两国未能达成协议。
②The Chinese nation is a great nation in the world．中华民族是世界上伟大的民族。
【串记】People from different nationalities speak for their own nations and want to have their own right on the international stage. 来自不同国家的人民都为他们的民族发言，都希望在国际舞台上有自己的权力。
410. nature /ˈneɪtʃə(r)/ n. 大自然；天/本性；性质
【拓展】
by nature生来，天生
from nature根据实物(景)，写生地
in nature本质上，本性
in the course of nature自然而然地，正常地
all nature万物，人人
【例句】Nature is stronger than education．本性难移。
【串记】In nature people can’t live without nature however nature can exist without human. 事实上人不能没有自然而生存，然而没有人自然可以存在。
411.necessary /ˈnesəsəri/ a. 必需的，必要的(同essential)；必然的
【拓展】
it is necessary for sb. to do sth. 对某人来说做某事是必要的。
it is necessary that…(should) do sth.有必要做某事
be necessary to对……是必要的
if necessary若有需要
necessarily ad．必定，必然地，必要地
necessity n. 需要；必然性；必需品
【例句】If necessary , you can contact me at home. 必要的话，我在家时你也可以和我联系。
【串记】It’s necessary for the students to study hard. It is necessary that they should try their best to prepare the college entrance examination, if necessary, they need extra study time. 学生努力学习是很有必要的，他们有必要尽他们最大的努力去学习，如果有必要的话，他们需要额外的学习时间。
412. need /ni:d/ n. & a. 需要，必要
【拓展】
need to do sth. 需要做某事
need doing/to be done 需要被……
needn’t have done sth. 本不必做某事的
there is no need (for sb.) to do sth. (某人)没必要做
have need to(do)必须……，务必……
in case of need在困窘时
in need在危难中；在穷困中的
meet/satisfy one’s need(s) 满足某人的需要
needy a. 贫困的；贫穷的；生活艰苦的
【例句】①There is a great need for us to learn a foreign language well in the modern society.在现代社会，学好一门外语对我们来说是非常必要的。
②A friend in need is a friend indeed. 患难朋友才是真朋友。
【串记】 We need to do something to help the people in need, for example, the houses need to be repaired so we need to buy something to meet their needs but there is no need for us to buy these toys. 我们需要做一些事情来帮助这些需要帮助的人，例如这些房子需要修缮所以我们需要买些东西满足他们，但是我们没有必要买这些玩具啊。
413. next /nekst/ a. 最近的，紧挨着的，隔壁的；下一次；ad. 随/然后，下一步；n. 下一个人/物
【拓展】
in the next place其次，第二
next door to在……隔壁，几乎，近乎，差不多
next to(用于否定词之前)几乎，差不多；紧挨着
next to impossible几乎不可能的
【例句】It’s next to impossible to drive in this traffic．在交通这样拥挤的情况下几乎无法驾车行驶。
【串记】Lily is the next student to walk into the room next to the reading rom. 莉莉是下一个进入阅读室旁边房间的学生。
415.noise /nɔɪz/ n. 噪声，喧闹声
【拓展】
make a noise喧哗，吵闹
make a noise in the world名噪一时
make noises议论纷纷
make a noise about抱怨
noisy a. 嘈杂的；喧闹的；充满噪音的
noisily ad. 吵闹地；喧喧嚷嚷
【例句】We had to put up with a lot of noise when the children were at home.孩子们在家时,他们吵吵嚷嚷我们也得忍受。
【串记】The children play noisily, I can’t stand the noise so I don’t want to live in this noisy place. 孩子们吵闹地玩着，我不能忍受这些噪音，所以我不想住在这个吵闹的地方。
416. normal /ˈnɔ:ml/ n. & a. 正常的（状态）；健全的
【拓展】
go back/return to normal 变得/恢复正常
normally ad. 正常地；通常地，一般地；按说
abnormal a. 反常的，异常的；不规则的；变态的
【例句】He is reported as saying that the situation is already back to normal.据报道,他曾说局势已恢复正常。
【串记】His temperature finally went back to normal, but his abnormal behavior still remains. 他的体温终于变得正常了，但是他的行为仍然不正常。
417. note /nəʊt/ n. 便条；笔记，注释；钞票，纸币；音符/调；vt. 记下，记录；注/留意
【拓展】
(1)make/take a note/notes (of ...)记下，记录(……)
take note of                  注意到
leave a note for sb.          给某人留个条子
compare notes (with sb.)      (与某人)交换意见
（2）note down记下
(3) noted a．著名的
be noted for          因……而闻名
be noted as          作为……而著称
(4)notable a．值得注意的
notebook n. 笔记本/簿；手册
【例句】①Read the text and make a note of any new information.读一读这篇文章并将任何新的内容都记录下来。
②Please make a note of what our teacher said in class and if you have any questions, compare notes afterwards. 请把我们的老师在课堂上所讲的内容记下来，如果有什么问题，之后再交换意见。
③This lake is noted as a home to many birds. 这个湖作为许多鸟类的栖息地而闻名遐迩。
易错点拨take note of和take notes of意思不同，前者表示“注意”，相当于take notice of；后者表示“记下，对……做好笔记”。
【串记】I bought a notebook to take notes of the dialogue when I compared notes with my colleague. 我买了一个笔记本来记录当我和他对话时交流的意见。
418. nothing /ˈnʌθɪŋ/ pron. 没有东西/事情；n. 微不足道的人/事物
【拓展】
be nothing to对……来说无足轻重
for nothing免费，徒劳，无用地
have nothing to do with与……无关
make nothing of轻视，无动于衷，未利用
nothing but……只不过……而已
nothing like 没有什么能比得上；一点也不像
there is nothing like 什么也比不上
to say nothing of不用说
【例句】①I have nothing particular to do tonight：我今晚没有什么特别要做的事。
②She does nothing but listen to records．她除了听唱片什么也不做。
【串记】I help him for nothing, it has nothing to do with his money, because there is nothing like his kindness。我免费帮助他，这和他的钱没什么关系，因为没什么能比得上他善良。
419. notice /ˈnəʊtɪs/ n. 布/通告；通知；注意；vt. 注意(到)；提及
【拓展】
have notice of接到通知
notice board布告栏，公告牌
notice sb. doing sth. 注意到某人正在做某事
take notice of注意，留心，照顾，照料
under notice接到(解雇等)预告，通知
without notice不预告
noticeable a. 显而易见的，显著的；值得注意的
【例句】①He walked so fast that he didn't notice his wife.他走得太快了,连他夫人都没注意到。
②Take no notice of what he says. 别理会他说的话。
【串记】You need to take notice of the noticeable man because I had noticed him stealing money. 你需要留意这个值得注意的男人，因为我曾经注意到他偷钱。
420. number /ˈnʌmbə(r)/ n. 数(目/字；号码；vt. 编号
【拓展】
a (large) number of  大量的
in large numbers 大量地
a number of若干，一些；许多
the number of……的数目
numerous a. 许多的，很多的
【例句】I'm sorry, I think you have the wrong number. 对不起，我想你打错了。
【串记】Tom needs Jack’s phone number because he needs a large number of money and Jack has numerous money. 汤姆需要杰克 的电话号码，因为他需要一大笔钱，杰克有很多钱。

【趁热打铁】
一、语法填空。
1. We spent the morning            (measure) the size of the furniture and deciding where it would go.  
2. I’m sorry to have taken your bag instead of mine           mistake.
3. It's nothing like what it          (use) to be. It has changed completely.
4. And you can continue to take         (measure) that strengthen those programs.
5. A pigeon emerges, wings flapping         (noise), from the tower.  
6. We must take action to find the          (miss) tourist in the mountain.
7. People often mix the actress up          actors. She looks manly.
8. The sad man was sitting alone, not       the mood to chat with the others.
9. As you can see,          (move) from one iteration to the next is very simple.
10. Asked about his         (nation), he said “American”.
二、单句改错。
1. We visited historical and sacred sites, and meet with inspirational leaders.
2. Don't hesitate to compare notes to us and ask us for information.  
3. These communities are now turn to recycling in large numbers.  
4. Water can not be mix with oil. Oil will float on water.
5. But experts say this should not stop gardeners from grow food if they take safety measure.
6. For nature there is some spiritual good and some spiritual bad in everyone.
7. Would you mind move the cupboard a little for me?
8. It is necessary that he is here with his sick and weak mother by the weekend.
9. The ladies are talking more noisy than the gentlemen.
10. We have to look at everything from a international perspective(视野，视角)
三、根据汉语提示完成句子，每空一词。
1. If they don’t manage their time well they may                  (错过) on things.
2. Someone you have liked for some time will                    (注意到) the changes you are making.  
3. One afternoon before a storm I saw ants coming out                        (大量地).
4. I was going to vote for him, but I                        (改变主意) and voted for Reagan/
5. What one does in his leisure time may                                        (与…无关意) his job.
四、根据括号的要求翻译句子。
1. 在现阶段还难以估量这场运动的成败。(It is difficult to)
                                                                                    
2. 当你有需要的时候，不管你在那里我都会在那。(in need)
                                                                                      
3. 有人给我们作了介绍，我挨着他坐下了。(next to)
                                                                                    
4. 我们怎样才能最好地满足各种人的需要呢？(meet the need of)
                                                                                      
5. 如果你反对这个决定，你将会失去参与项目的机会。(object to)
   


【答案】
一、语法填空。
1. measuring  2. by  3. used  4. measures  5. noisily  6. missing  7. with  8. in  9. moving  10. nationality
二、单句改错。
1. met→meet  2. to→with  3.turn→ turning  4. mix→mixed  5. grow→growing  6. For→By  7.  move→ moving  8. is→be  9. noisy→noisily  10.a→an
三、根据汉语提示完成句子，每空一词。
1. miss out  2. take notice of  3. in large numbers  4. changed my mind  5. have nothing to do with
四、根据括号的要求翻译句子。
1. It is difficult to measure the success of the campaign at this stage.
2. When you are in need, I will be there where ever you are.
3. Someone introduced us and I sat next to him.
4. How can we best meet the needs of all the different groups?
5. If you object to this decision, you will lose the chance to join in the project.

高考英语核心词汇拓展 Day 22

421. nurse /nɜ:s/ n. 护士，保姆；vt. 护理，照顾
【拓展】
nursery n. 苗圃；托儿所；温床
nursing n. 护理；看护；养育
【例句】A private nurse visited him once a week at home．一个私人护士每周去他家一次。
【串记】These nurses are working in this nursery and nursing is their main job. 这些护士在这所托儿所工作，护理是他们的主要工作。
422. object /ˈɒbdʒɪkt/ n. 物体；目标，对象；宾语；v. 反对
【拓展】
object to sth./ doing sth.反对某事/做某事
objection n. 异议，反对；缺陷/点；妨碍
make(raise)an objection to提出(表示)异议(反对)
have no objection to不反对
be open to objection有可商榷之处；有不合理之处
objective n. 目标；a. 客观的(反subjective)
objective reality客观现实
the objective case宾格
【例句】What's your object for coming here tonight?你今晚到这儿来有何贵干?
【串记】 Li Hua has many study objectives, one of his objectives is to go abroad and his father has no objection to this. 李华有许多学习的目标，其中一个就是到国外，他的父亲对此没有异议。
423. observe /əbˈzɜ:v/ v. 观察/测；觉察到；遵守，奉行；庆祝
【拓展】
observe sb. do sth.    观察某人做某事(全过程)
observe sb. doing sth.      注意到某人正在做某事
observe on〔upon〕 sb/sth谈论,评论
observe that ...      说/评论……
observation n. 观察；监视；观察报告
observatory n. 天文台；气象台；瞭望台
【例句】①We have never observed him do otherwise.我们从未看到他不是这样做的。
②She observed a man walking on the opposite side of the road.她看见一个人在马路对面走着。
③She observed that the work was well done.她说这件工作做得很出色。
【点津】observe作“观察；注意”讲时，可用省去to的动词不定式或v.­ing形式作宾语补足语；但如果用于被动语态，省去的动词不定式符号to要还原。
【串记】In order to observe the sky so the man stays at the observatory and after the observation he needs to write a report. 为了观察天空，这个男人呆在天文台上。观察过后，他需要写一份报告。
424.obvious /ˈɒbviəs/ a. 明显的；显著的
【拓展】
It is obvious that从句 明显的是……
obviously ad. 明显地
【例句】The nurse agreed with obvious pleasure. 那个护士同意了，显然很高兴。
【串记】It is obvious that he made a mistake but obviously his mother didn’t say anything.
很明显的是他犯了一个错误，但是明显地他的母亲没有说什么。
occasion/ ə'keɪʒn/ n. 场合；时机；理由；机会；盛大场面 vt. 引起；致使
【拓展】
by occasion of由于……，为了……
for sb·’s occasion为了(某人)
have occasion to(do)有(做)……的必要
on occasion(s)有时
on the occasion of值……以之际
take the occasion to(do)利用机会(做)
occasional a．偶然的，非经常的，有时的
occasionally ad．偶然地，有时地，偶尔
【例句】①I have occasion to say something about it.我有必要谈一下这事。
②I meet him on occasion at the club or in the theatre.我有时在俱乐部或戏院里遇见他。
③His long silence occasions me great anxiety. 他漫长的沉默让我焦虑不已。
【辨析】chance，opportunity，occasion
这些名词均含“机会”之意。chance侧重指偶然或意外的机会，有时也指正常或好的机会。opportunity侧重指有利或适合于采取行动，以达到某一目的或实现某种愿望的最佳时机或机会。occasion指特殊时机或良机，也指时节。
425. occupy /ˈɒkjupaɪ/ vt. 占据/领；占用/去(同take up)；居住；使忙碌
【拓展】
(1)occupy oneself with sth./in doing sth.忙于/专心于(做)某事
(2)be occupied in doing sth.      忙于做某事
be occupied with/(in) doing sth.      从事/忙于某事
keep sb. occupied      使某人忙碌
(3)occupation n.      占领；职业；工作
【例句】①When I came in，the students were occupied with/(in) doing their homework.当我进来的时候，学生们正忙着做作业。
②Teaching and doing housework keep her occupied every day. 教书和做家务使她每天都占满。
【串记】I have entered your name and occupation and I know you are occupied with teaching. 我记下你的姓名和职业我知道你忙于教学。
426. occur /əˈkɜr)/ v. 发生，出现
【拓展】sth. occur to sb. 某事物被某人想起/到
It occurs to sb. to do sth... 某人想到……
it occurs to sb. that 从句 某人突然想到
occurrence n. 发生；出现；事件；发现
【例句】①A good idea occurred to me while I was watching TV.我看电视时想到了一个好主意。
②It never occurs to him that he should make such great success in teaching career.他从来没有想到他竟会在教学事业中获得如此巨大的成功。
③It never occurred to him to ask anyone. 他从来没有想到问任何人.
【串记】 It occurs to me that the occurrence of the phenomenon is abnormal. 我突然想到这种现象的出现是不正常的。
427. offer /ˈɒfə(r)/ v. & n. (主动)提出；提供，给予；出价；开价，提议；录取通知书
【拓展】
(1)offer sb. sth. ＝ offer sth. to sb.提供给某人某物
offer to do sth. (＝ make an offer to do sth.)主动提出做某事
offer sb.money for sth.  出价买某物
(2)make an offer 提议；出价；提供
accept/refuse one's offer  接受/拒绝某人的提议
【例句】①The teacher offered a few ideas to improve the plan.老师提出了几点改进计划的意见。
②The driver offered to drive us to the station.那位司机主动提出送我们到车站。
③The universities are now offering a wider range of courses to students for them to choose.现在那些大学设有更广泛的课程供学生选择。
【串记】Lily offered some money to her parents at the same time she offered her brother some money for his further education but both her parents and her brother refused her offer.  莉莉给她父母一些钱也给她弟弟一些钱深造但他们都拒绝了。
428. only /wʌns/ ad. 仅仅，只
【拓展】
If only…(后用虚拟语气)只要……就好了，但愿……
not only…，but(also)…，不但……，而且……
only just好容易，刚刚才……
only to do只做(表示意外令人失望的结果)
only doing sth.结果(只)是（表示一个自然的或意料之中的结果）
only too很，极，非常；可惜，很遗憾
【例句】①Practice is the only way to learn a language well.学好一门语言的唯一途径就是实践。
②They reached the company out of breath only to be told they were fired.他们上气不接下气地赶到公司,不料却被告知他们被开除了。
【串记】She is the only teacher in this school for the students here she is not only a teacher but also a mother. 他是这个学校唯一的老师对于这些学生而言她不仅是一位老师更是一位母亲。
429. open /ˈəʊpən/ a. 开着的，开阔的；v. 打开，展开；开创办
【拓展】
be open to对……开放，易受到
be open with对……不隐瞒的
in the open air在 户外(野外)
keep one's eyes(ears)open留神地看守(耸耳倾听)
with open arms张开两手，由衷(欢迎)
with open ears倾听
with open hands慷慨大方
open on(to)面向，朝向……打开
open up打开，开放，发掘，开始，开发，蓬勃     
openly ad．公开地，率直地
opener n．开始者，开瓶(罐)器，打开的工具
opening n. 开始/端；敞开，开会/场，空地，广场
【例句】①The fresh air blew in from the open window.新鲜空气从开着的窗户吹进来。
②Can you open the bottle with the opener?你能用启子将瓶子打开吗？
③In the summer, we camped in the open .夏天我们在户外野营。
【串记】She doesn’t openly admit she had opened her eyes to the opening ceremony.
她没有公开承认她看清楚了开幕仪式。
430. operate /ˈɒpəreɪt/ v. 操作；工作；运转；经营；开动；做手术
【拓展】
operate on…对……起作用，用……操作，对……施手术
operate on sb．for sth．给某人动……手术(for+身体某部分)
operation n. 操作；经营；外科 手术；运算
bring into operation实施，使生效运行
come(go)into operation开始工作(活动)，实施，生效，运行，运转
in operation运转中，使用中
put(……)into operation实施，把……投入生产(动转)；运行，生效
operator n. 经营者；操作员；运营商；话务员；行家
【例句】Most domestic freezers operate at below –18˚C. 多数家用冰柜能制冷到零下18摄氏度以下。
【串记】Lily ask the doctor “How do you plan to do this operation?” The doctor answered “to operate on the old lady, I need to put the medicine into her body” Lily 问医生：“你打算如何做这个手术”医生回答：“要给这个老太太做手术我们需要把药放到她的身体里。”
431. opinion /əˈpɪnjən/ n.观点，意见，主张，见解(同view)
【拓展】
be of the opinion that认为……，相信……意见
form an opinion提出意见
have a good(bad)opinion of认为好(不好)，相信(不相信)
have a high(low)opinion of对……评价高(低)
in one’s opinion 根据某人的看法；在……看来
【例句】①No matter what you say, I shall stick to my opinion.不管你说什么,我都坚持我的主张。
②Everyone had an opinion on the subject. 大家对这个问题都有自己的看法。
【串记】In my opinion teachers need to listen to the students’ opinions. 在我看来老师们需要听取学生的意见。
【辨析】opinion一般用词，指对客观事物的认识和看法，并经思考后的意见，因此有十分肯定意味；view指对事的立场或态度，常用复数形式；idea指解决问题或处理事的计划或打算。
432. oppose /əˈpəʊz/ vt. 反对；抗争
【拓展】
(1)oppose doing sth.反对做某事
oppose sb./sb’sdong sth.反对某人做某事
(2)opposed adj.强烈反对，截然不同
be opposed to (doing) sth.反对(做)某事
(3)opposite adj.相反的；对面的；对立的 n.  对立面 prep.  ……的对面adv.在对面
be opposite to在……对面；与……相反
just the opposite恰恰相反
opposition n. 反对；反对派；在野党；敌对
【例句】①The parents strongly opposed their daughter going there alone.
父母极力反对他们的女儿单独去那里。
②Most company bosses say they are opposed to employees working overtime.大多数公司老板说，他们反对雇员加班。
③The people sitting opposite us looked very familiar.
坐在我们对面的那些人看上去很面熟。
④Many people think that listening is a passive business. It is just the opposite.
许多人认为倾听是被动的行为，情况恰恰相反。
⑤The result was quite opposite to what we had expected.结果和我们所期望的完全相反。
【串记】They are in the opposite position, but this time they are opposed to their boss’s opinions. 他们处于对立的位置，但是这次他们同时反对老板的意见。
433. order /ˈɔ:də(r)/ n.次/顺序(disorder)；v. & n. 命令，指示；订购，点(菜)；订单
【拓展】
in order 整齐，秩序井然；按顺序；状况良好
out of order 发生故障；次序颠倒
in order that 为了；以便
in order to 为了
keep order保持秩序
made to order定做的，预订的
on order在订购，在定做
place an order 订购；下单；发出订单
put ... in order 把……按顺序
order sb. to do sth. 命令某人做某事;
order (that) sb. (should) do sth. 命令某人做某事
orderly a．整齐的，有条理的，有秩序的
【例句】①I can't make a call, because our phone is out of order. 我无法打电话，因为我们的电话坏了。
②He once ordered his secretary to place an order for 100 books and arrange them in order of size. 他曾命令秘书去订购100本书并把它们按大小顺序排列。
③ She ordered that the book(should)be brought to her．她吩咐把那本书拿给她。
【点津】order用作动词或名词，表示“命令”时，其后相关的从句中要用“should＋动词原形”表示虚拟语气，should可省略。
【串记】The students were out of order, in order to  keep the students in order, the headmaster ordered the students to stand in order of height. 学生已经乱套，为了保证学生的秩序，校长命令学生们按高度顺序站立。
434. organise /(美)organize /ˈɔrgənaɪz/ v. 组织，筹备；使有条理
【拓展】
organize sb/oneself/sth into sth组成
organization n. 组织；机构；体制；团体
organized a. 有组织的；做事有条理的
organizer n. 组织者；承办单位；组织导体
【例句】We'll organize some students into the basketball team.我们将组织一些学生参加篮球队。
【串记】The well-organized organizations belong to the special organizer. 这些组织良好的机构属于这个特别的组织者。
435. origin /ˈɒrɪdʒɪn/ n. 起源；原点；出身；开端
【拓展】
the origin of… 的起源
original a. 原来的；开始的；首创的，新颖的，创新的；原作的；n. 原件，原版
originally ad. 最初，起初；本来
originate vt. 引起；创作；vi. 发源；发生；起航
【例句】Many words in the English language are French in origin.英语中的许多词源于法语。
【串记】If it's possible, track the rumor back to its origin and you can find that the original rumor said that Confucianism originates in Korea. 如果可能，应追查谣言的源头，你会发现最初的谣言就是儒家学说起源于韩国。
【辨析】origin用于事物时，指起源或开端，着重于其发生的最早的时间或最初的地点，出处等。用于人时，指出身或来历，较强调门第或血统。source指事物的起源或出处，但更多地用于非物质的或无形的东西，常指情况或信息的来源、出处。beginning指事物的开端，表示事物的顺序。root通常指事物产生的原因或根源。
436. other /ˈʌðə(r)/ a. 其他的，另外的；pron. 另外一个
【拓展】
each other互相地
every other每隔……·，所有其他……
one after the other（another）一个一个地，相继地
other than(多用于否定句)除……外，不同于
the other world来世，他世
otherwise ad. 另外，别样；conj. 否则，不然
【例句】①Susie is here，but the other girls are still out in the playground苏西在这里，但其他女孩都在外面运动场上。
②Seize the chance，otherwise you will regret it．抓住机会，要不然你会后悔的。
【串记】One of the secretaries gave some employees moon cakes and then give others flowers as gifts,
while other than the former one, another secretary gave the all employees a book as a gift of Middle-
Autumn Day.其中一个秘书给一些员工月饼作为礼物，给另外一些员工花朵作为礼物，然而不同于
前面的秘书，另外一个秘书给员工们一本书作为中秋礼物。
437. owe /əʊ/ v. 欠，应给与；归功于
【拓展】
(1)owe sb.sth.＝ owe sth.to sb.欠某人某物
(2)owe ...to ... 把……归功于……；为……而感谢
owe it to sb. that ... 多亏某人……
(3) owing adj.  未付的，欠着的
owing to 因为；由于
【例句】①Owing to your help, I have made great progress. In other words, I owe my progress to you.由于你的帮助，我取得了很大进步。换句话说，我把我的进步归功于你。
②I owe it to you that I finished my work in time.多亏你帮忙，我才及时完成了工作。
【点津】如果owe的宾语是动词不定式或名词性从句，可使用it作形式宾语，将充当真正宾语的动词不定式或名词性从句放在句尾。
【串记】Owing to the great efforts of the educator, the students got great success however they only owe their success to themselves. 由于这个教育家的巨大努力，学生们取得巨大成功，但是他们只把他们的成功归功于他们自己。
438.own /əʊn/ a. 自己的；v. 拥有
【拓展】
for its own sake为了本身
of sb·’s own自己所有的
on one’s own凭自己的力量，独立地，单独地
own sb.as/to be sb. 承认……是……
own up(to)sth．承认犯错误(或罪)
owner n. 所有者；物主
ownership n. 所有权；物主身份
【例句】Our children are grown up and have children of their own. 我们的子女都已长大成人，有了自己的孩子。
【串记】The owner of the house got back the ownership of his house on his own. 这个房子的主人独自夺回了他的房屋所有权。
【辨析】own, possess
这两个词都有“有”的意思。其区别是：具有法律意味，凡涉及房屋、土地等不动产财产，多用own。possess除“拥有”外，更常用于表示“具有(特性、知识、能力等好的方面东西)”。这时不能用own代替。
439. pace /peɪs/ n.一步；步速；步法；vi. 踱步；
【拓展】
at a/an…pace 以……的速度
keep(hold)pace with跟上，与……同步
put……through sb.’ s paces试(人的)能力(技术)
【例句】We should keep pace with the time．我们应该跟上时代的步伐。
【串记】The racing driver drove his car at a pace of 200 km/h because he wanted to keep pace with his opponents. 赛车手以每小时200公里的速度驾车因为他想和他的对手并驾齐驱。
440. pack /pæk/ n. 包，捆；(猎犬、野兽等的)一群；v.打/装包(反unpack)；塞满
【拓展】
pack …with 用…把…装/塞/挤满
be packed with 装/塞/挤满
package n. 包，包裹；程序包；vt. 打包；将…包装
packaging n. 包装；包装业/风格
packet n. 数据/信息包；小包/捆
【例句】The traveller packed a bag with a few things and was off. 旅行者装了几件衣物在袋子里就走了。
【串记】The deliveryman lost his customer’s package and he needed to find it in a very short time because the packets in it are of great importance. 快递员弄丢了顾客的快递，他需要在短时间内找回这个快递因为包裹里面的数据很重要。

【趁热打铁】
一、语法填空。
1. Linda Pellico has taught          (nurse) at Yale University for 18 years.
2. Why does the author object to          (classify) parenting as a personal choice?
3. Have you          (observe) any changes in the student lately?
4. He offered only $4 000       the car. He couldn’t afford more.
5. I gratefully took the cup of coffee she            (offer) me.
6. It takes a long time to restore nature once           (damage).
7. A new late-night service is now            (operate).
8. They called in a psychologist to give            independent opinion.
9. Are you          (oppose) to the act of homosexuality?
10. At this point we must consider the importance of                (package) and design.
二、单句改错。
1. Later a transport system was added to permit people to visit a observation area inside the top of the arch.
2. It is quite obviously that there is nothing difficult in the world.
3. If a thought or idea occurs you, you suddenly think of it or realize it.
4. But network providers are not opposed the San Francisco plan because it involves a private company.
5. The masterpiece had original been written in Hebrew, and only later translated into Greek.
6. America itself is consuming one third of the world's resources by its own.
7. A surgeon operated the wounded man as soon as he was rushed into the operating room.
8. The organize of the meeting was considered perfect by the public.
9. She already has five children but she is going to have other child.
10. The statesman is much occupy with affairs of state all the time.
三、根据汉语提示完成句子，每空一词。
1. A man must                          (跟得上，保持) the latest development.
2. Conservatives strongly                 (反对) the reform at first.
3. The arrangement was cancelled                 (由于) the objections of the chairman.
4. The tourist’s backpack                         (塞满了) souvenirs of all sorts.
5. The young man is determined to have a home                         (他自己的).
四、根据括号的要求翻译句子。
1. 我突然想到我把伞拉在公交车上了。(it occurs to sb. that)
                                                                                          
2. 医生把这次手术的归功于护士的配合。(owe sth. to sb.)
                                                                                          
3. 他认为每天工作的开始就要带着一股强大的热情。(in his opinion)
                                                                                          
4. 这本书的试题是按难易程度顺序排列的.( in order of)
                                                                                          
5. 但愿他能及时赶到. (if only)
                                                                              


【答案】
一、语法填空。
1. nursing  2. classifying  3. observed  4. for  5. offered  6. damaged  7. operating  8. an  9. opposed  10. packaging
二、单句改错。
1.a→an  2 obvious→obviously  3. occurs的后面加一个to  4. opposed→opposing  5. original→originally  6. by→on  7. 在operated后面加on  8. organize→organization  9. other→another  10. occupy→occupied
三、根据汉语提示完成句子，每空一词。
1. keep pace with  2. objected to  3. owing to/due to/because of  4. is packed with  5. of his own
四、根据括号的要求翻译句子。
1. It occurred to me that I left my umbrella on the bus.
2. The doctor owed the success of the operation to the cooperation of the nurses.
3. In his opinion, one should start a day's work with passion.
4. The tests in this book are arranged in order of difficulty.
5. If only he could arrive in time.

高考英语核心词汇拓展  Day 23

441. pain /peɪn/ n. 疼痛；痛苦；努力
【拓展】
(1)have pains/a pain in……部位疼
be in pain      在痛苦中；在苦恼中
spare no pains      不遗余力，全力以赴
take pains to do sth. 尽力/费苦心/下苦功做某事
No pains, no gains.  不劳无获。
(2)painful adj.      疼痛的；痛苦的
(3)painfully adv.      痛苦地
【例句】①He was crying out in pain on the ground when the ambulance arrived.  救护车赶到时，他痛苦地躺在地上。
②If you want to succeed in the work, you must take pains to do it. 如果你想在工作中取得成功，你必须努力去做。
③A painful injury forced her to withdraw from the game. 疼痛的伤迫使她退出比赛。
【点津】pain指精神上的痛苦时为不可数名词；指肉体上的疼痛时，可数、不可数均可；指“辛苦、刻苦、努力”时，要用复数形式。
【串记】Life is full of pain, the hard time is a painful memory of his life. But whatever happens he still remembers that no pains, no gains. All he wants to do is that take pains to work hard. 生活充满痛苦，艰难的日子是他生命中痛苦的记忆。但是无论发生什么，他都记得没有付出就没有收获。她所需要做的就是努力工作。
442. paint /peɪnt/ n. 油漆；涂料；vt. 油漆，粉刷；绘画
【拓展】
painter n. 画家；油漆匠
painting n. 绘画；油画；着色
【例句】The front door needs a new coat of paint. 前门需要刷一层新漆了。
【串记】All the painters love the paintings. 所有的画家都喜欢这幅画。
443. part /pɑ:t/ n. 部分，成分；部件，零件；角色；a. 局部的；部分的；v. 分离；分开;割
【拓展】
in part一部分是，部分地，在某种程度上
for the most part 在极大程度上，多半
for my part至于我，讲到我
on the part of就……而言
on one's part在(某人)方面
play a part in(在……)起作用，(在……)扮演角色，参与(……)
take part in参加，参与
take part with(=take the part of=take one's part)支持，拥护
partly ad. 部分地；在一定程度上
partner n. 伙伴；合伙人；配偶
part-time a. 兼职的；部分时间的；ad. 兼职地；用部分时间地
【例句】Part of the building was destroyed in the fire. 大楼的一部分毁于火灾。
【串记】My partner wants to take part in the part-time job, partly because he wants to become an actor and plays a very important part in a film. 我的搭档想做这份兼职，部分是因为他想当演员，想在电影里面扮演重要的角色。
444. particular /pəˈtɪkjələ(r)/ a. 特定的；特别的，格外的；特有的，个别的；讲究的，挑剔的
【拓展】
give particulars详述
go into particulars详细讲
in every particular在各方面
in particular特别，尤其；个别地，详细地(放在名词之后)
be particular about 讲究；对…挑剔
particularly ad. 异乎寻常地；特别是
【例句】①We are trying to raise awareness about the environment in general and air pollution in particular. 我们正在努力提高对环境特别是空气污染的认识。
②She's a very particular person so she is particular about what she eats and wears.她这个人很挑剔，所以，她对她的吃穿很挑剔。
【串记】He is very particular about food, particularly noodles. 他对食物十分讲究，尤其喜欢面食。
445. pass /pɑ:s/ vt. 传，递(同hand)；经过；通过(考试)；度过；n. 通行证
【拓展】pass sb. sth. /pass sth. to sb. 把某物传给某人pass about/around 分，分发， 传送；轮查
pass away 去世；停止；度过时间
pass by 经过；走过；逝去
pass down 传下来；遗传
pass on 传递；继续；去世
pass out 昏倒，失去知觉；分发(同give out/hand out)
pass through 穿过；通过
past n. 过去；往事；a. 过去的；结束的
【例句】The road was so narrow that cars were unable to pass. 道路太窄，汽车无法通过。
【串记】After passing about leaflets she passed out. She had a dream; she passed through a tunnel and saw her grandmother who had already passed away passed a book to her. 当发完传单之后她就晕过去了。她做了一个梦，梦到她穿过一条隧道之后，她已去世的奶奶给她一本书。
446. passage /ˈpæsɪdʒ/ n. 通道；走廊；（文章的）一节/段
【拓展】passenger n. 旅客；乘客；过路人；碍手碍脚的人
passer-by n. 过路人；经过的人
passport n. 护照，通行证；手段
【例句】A dark narrow passage led to the main hall. 一条阴暗狭窄的走廊通向大厅。
【串记】The passenger lost his passport and it was found by a passer-by at the passage. 这个乘客的护照丢了，被一个路人在走廊上捡到了。
447.patient /ˈpeɪʃnt/ n. 病人 a. 耐心的(反impatient)
【拓展】
(1)be patient with sb.对某人有耐心
be patient of sth.忍受/忍耐某事
(2)impatient adj.  不耐烦的；没有耐心的
be/become impatient of sth.   对某事不能容忍
(3)patience n.  耐心
impatience n.  不耐烦
have the patience to do sth．有耐心做某事
with patience ＝ patiently   耐心地
【例句】①He is just a small child, so you should be patient with him. 他只是个小孩子，所以你应该对他有耐心。
②Success partially depends on whether you have the patience to do simple things perfectly．成功部分取决于是否你有耐心把简单的事情做得完美。
③Whenever I made mistakes, the teacher pointed them out with patience.
每当我犯错误，老师都耐心的指出来。
【串记】The doctors need to be patient with their patients. At the same time the patients need to have more patience. 医生需要耐心对他们的病人，病人们也应该多有些耐心。
448. pay /peɪ/ (paid，paid) v. 付钱，给…报酬；n. 工资，薪水
【拓展】
pay back偿还；报复；回报
pay for花钱买；付出代价
pay off 付清；取得成功；贿赂；报复
pay a visit to参观；拜访
pay attention to注意；留心
payment n. 付款；报酬/答；偿还；惩罚，报应
【例句】①That I can pay back the help people gave me makes me happy.我可以回报别人给我的帮助，这让我很高兴。
②He had to work part-time so as to pay for his school fee.他得做兼职工作以支付学费。
③The efforts made by Jack and his parents paid off.杰克和他父母的努力奏效了。
【串记】The payment of this work is very high so that she can pay for the house for her mother. She knows that when she pays off the money her mother can get the keys in this way she can pay back her mother’s breeding. 这份工作的工资很高因此她可以给她的母亲买一套房子。她知道她付清钱款之后她的母亲就可以得到房子的钥匙，这样她可以回报母亲的养育之恩。
449. peace /pi:s/ n. 和平；平静，安宁；安/清静
【拓展】
at peace 处于和平状态
in peace 和平地；安静，宁静；安祥
make peace with 与…言归于好；与…讲和
peaceful a. 和平的，爱好和平的；平静的
【例句】The situation poses a grave threat to world peace.这局势对世界和平构成了严重的威胁。
【串记】 Chinese people love peace，they want to live peacefully and for thousands of years they’ve lived in peace. They want to make peace with other nations but it doesn’t mean that they are afraid of anyone. 中国人热爱和平，千年来他们都希望自己平静地生活。他们希望和其他国家和平共处，但是这并不意味着则他们惧怕任何一个国家。
450. perform /pəˈfɔ:m/ v. 表演，演出；执/履行；行动；表现，发挥
【拓展】
(1)perform one's duty/promise履行职责/诺言
perform an experiment/operation  做实验/手术
(2)performance n. 表演，演出；表现；执行，履行
give/put on a performance      演出
performer n. 执行者，表演者，演奏者，能手
【例句】①You'd better perform your promise that you will finish your task on time.你最好履行你按时完成任务的承诺。
②The famous singer will give/put on a performance at the Shanghai Gymnasium next month.
这位著名歌手下个月将在上海体育馆演出。
【串记】The performers give a wonderful performance to all the audience. 演员们给所有观众呈现了一场精彩的演出。
451. permit /pəˈmɪt/ vt. 许可，允许；n. 执照，许可证
【拓展】
permit doing sth. 允许做某事
permit sb. to do sth. 允许某人做某事
permission n. [U]许可；允许
ask for sb.'s permission征得某人允许
give sb.permission to do sth.允许某人做某事
without permission未经允许/许可
【例句】①Mary's father will not permit her to stay up late.玛丽的父亲不允许她熬夜。
②My father gave me permission to do this thing.
我爸爸允许我做这件事。
【串记】They have a special permitting from their teacher, in other words, their teacher permits them not to do the homework. 他们有一个特殊的许可，他们的老师允许他们不做作业。
452. person /ˈpɜ:sn/ n. 人；人称
【拓展】
in person=in one's own person=for oneself, personally自己，本人，亲自
in the person of叫做……的人；代表，体现于；以……的资格
personal a. 个人的；身体的；亲自的
personally ad. 亲自地；当面；个别地；就自己而言
personality n. 个性；品格；名人
【例句】The personality's a fascinating person. 那位名人是个魅力十足的人。
【串记】She is a nice person and she wants to see her teacher in person. On that day she will bring some gifts personally. We all say that she is a person who has good personalities. 她是一个不错的人，她想亲自去看她的老师。那天她要亲自买些礼物。我们都认为她是个品格优秀的人。
453. persuade /pəˈsweɪd/ vt. 说服，劝说；使相信(convince)
【拓展】
persuade sb．to do sth．说服某人做……
persuade sb．into doing sth．说服某人做……；persuade sb．to sth．劝某人接受……
persuade sb．out of doing说服某人放弃(停止做)……，劝阻某人做……
persuade sb．that从句表示使某人信服……
persuasion n. 说服；说服力；信念；派别
persuasive a. 有说服力的；劝诱的，劝说的
【例句】He persuaded me out of the idea of dropping the experiment．他劝得我打消了中断试验的想法。
【串记】He wants to persuade his younger brother to go to the medical university, however his words are not very persuasive. 他劝他的弟弟读医科大学，但是他的话并没有说服力。
454. pick /pɪk/ v. 拾起，采集/摘；摘掉，剔除；挑选
【拓展】
pick and choose 挑三拣四,仔细挑选
pick from从…中挑选
pick out挑选，拣出；辨认，辨别出；领会
pick up拾起；增加；改进；(偶然)得到；中途搭(人)
pick flowers(fruit, a fowl)采花(摘果子，拔禽毛)
pick one's words挑选字语，注意措辞
pick one’s teeth剔牙
pickpocket n. 扒手
【例句】①The teacher always picks on her to translate the long passages.老师总是叫她做长篇翻译。
②My wife is going with me to help me pick out a new suit.我妻子跟我一起去以帮我挑选一套新西装。
【串记】The pickpocket picked out a bunch of flowers for his wife and he will pick her up at the
airport this evening. 扒手给他的妻子选了一束花今晚他将在飞机场接她。
455. pity /ˈpɪti/ n. 怜悯，同情；遗憾(的事); vt. 可怜；对……表示惋惜
【拓展】
It is a pity that从句 遗憾的是……
out of pity出于同情
take pity on 可怜，怜悯，同情
What a pity! 多么可惜，多么遗憾啊
pitiable/pitiful a. 可怜的，令人同情的
【例句】The gentleman took pity on the orphan and lent her the money. 那位先生同情那个孤儿，就把钱借给了她。
【串记】What a pity! The pitiful boy lost all his money. 多么可怜啊，这个可怜的男孩丢了他所有的钱。
【辨析】pity, compassion, mercy, sympathy
这组词都有“同情”或“可怜”的意思。其区别在于:pity通常只表示内心感到难过或同情,少给予帮助; sympathy指“同情心”或“恻隐之心”,强调共同分担,进而对某种经历或遭遇引起共鸣; compassion指“同情心”,强调由于理解而同情,并主动给予帮助,常常指通过自身痛苦或不幸而同情别人; mercy指“仁慈”或“怜悯”,含有主动救助别人脱离苦难之义。
456. place /pleɪs/ n. 地方/点，处所；名次；v. 放/安置
【拓展】
give place to让座给
in place在合适的位置，适当地(反out of place)
in place of代替(同instead of)
in the first place第一，首先
in the last place最后
out of place不在合适位置，不适当地
take place发生，举行
take the place of=take one’s place代替
replace vt. 取代，代替；替换，更换；归还原处
【例句】Who is here in place of the manager?谁在这里代理经理?
【串记】He wants to replace the manager’s position so that he has the right to place an order of the books and put the new coming books in place instead of putting them in the office. 他想取代经理的位置那样的话他就有权订书，把这些新来的书放在合适的地方，而不是办公室。
【辨析】put一般用词，指放入或移出某处，可用于任何场合；place较正式用词，指恰当地安放在一定位置；set指把物体竖直地放在某一物上，有时指把物体靠近某物；lay指把物体平放或横放在某物上。
plan /plæn/ n. 计划；方法；策略 v. 打算；安排；计划；设计
【拓展】
go according to plan顺利进行,按计划实现
plan for n./v -ing为…作安排
plan on 指望，计划,打算,想要
plan out 为…作出准备
plan to do sth.打算做某事
【例句】She hadn't planned on so many guests．她没有指望会有这么多的客人。
【辨析】plan, design, project, scheme
这组词都有“计划,方案”的意思。其区别是：plan是一般用语,指事先作出的程序或安排; project指为进行试验而提出的大胆的计划,这种计划常常是大规模的、有时是不切实际的; design指为达到某一目的而在心中作出的打算,往往强调最后的结果,有时用于贬义; scheme常指精心安排的计划或秘密策划的阴谋。
457. play /pleɪ/ vt. 游戏；扮演；演奏；播放；同…比赛；vi. 演奏；玩耍；上演；参加比赛；n. 游戏；比赛；剧本
【拓展】
play a part(或a role)(in)在……扮演一个角色，(在……中)起一份作用
play at参加(比赛、游戏等)，
play back播放，重放(录音，唱片)
play down轻视，贬低
play off进行加时赛，冒充，假装
play on利用(某人的情绪等)，乘机会
play out筋疲力尽，使用完
play with玩弄，轻率地对待
be in full play全力活动，正充分起作用
bring sth．into play运用，发挥
come into play开始起作用
in play开玩笑地，在赌博中
player n. 运动员，比赛者；游戏者，做游戏的人；演奏者，表演者；演员；播放器
playmate n. 玩伴；游伴
playroom n. 游戏室；娱乐室
playground n. 运动场，操场；游乐场
【例句】You'll have to play inside today. 你今天只能在屋里玩耍。
【串记】My playmates are in the playroom but the players are on the playground. I want to play with them. 我的玩伴们在游戏室，运动员们在操场。我想跟他们玩儿。
【点津】1.在球类名词前不用定冠词，表示下棋、打牌时，也不用定冠词。Play football(pingpong)踢足球(打乒乓球)，play chess(card，brdge)下棋(打牌，打桥牌)。2．表示弹奏某种乐器时乐器前要用定冠词：play the piano(the erhu)弹钢琴(拉二胡)，吹笛子(口琴)用play on the flute(the mouth organ)。打击乐器前不用play,用beat(a drum)或strike(a gong)
458.please /pli:z/ int. 请；v. 使人高兴/满意
【拓展】
if you please请；对不起；如果你愿意的话；你看(怪不怪)；竟然
pleased a．高兴的，满意的
be pleased at因……而高兴，喜欢
be pleased(to)高兴，欣然；敬请，
be pleased with因……高兴，喜欢……
pleasant a. 令人愉快的，舒适的；讨人喜欢的，和蔼可亲的
pleasing a. 令人愉快的；讨人喜欢的；合意的
pleasure n. 快乐；希望；娱乐；令人高兴的事
for pleasure 为了开心/消遣(同for fun)
It’s a pleasure/( it’s) my pleasure. 乐意效劳。(回应感谢)
with pleasure 乐意效劳(回应请求帮忙)
【例句】Please，Mr.Smith．史密斯先生，请吧Please ring the bell.=Ring the bell，please.请按铃。
please用于祈使句时，常放在句首或句末。
【串记】It is my pleasure to help the lady in the garden, because the pleasing smell makes me very pleasant. The old lady is pleased with my help. 很乐意帮助这个老太太整理花园，因为好闻的味道让我很舒服。这个老奶奶对我提供的帮助感到满意。
459. point /pɔɪnt/ v. 指，指向(to)；对准(at)；n.尖端；点；分数；时间点，地点；观/要点
【拓展】
at all points在各方面，充分地
be at the point of将近……的时候
beside point离题的，不相干的
come to the point说到要点，扼要地说
in point of就……而言，说到，关于
in point of fact事实上
keep to the point抓住要点
make a point that主张，强调
make a point of doing sth．特别注意，坚持做，决定
做
on the point of正要……，就在……之际
point out指出
point to表明
to the point切中要害，切题；扼要，中肯，得体，适当地
to the point of到达……的程度，简直可说是
there is no point (in) doing sth. 做某事没有意义
【例句】①Let's try to clear up our difficult and doubtful points.让我们设法把难点和疑点解决一下。
【串记】From my point of view, the key to the question was off the point, in other words the student missed the point, so there is no point giving him such high marks. 在我看来，这个答案已经离题，换句话说，这个学生没有抓住要领，所以没有必要给他那么高的分数。
460. politics /ˈpɒlətɪks/ n. 政治；政治事务/观点
【拓展】political a. 政治的
politician n. 政治家，政客
policy n. 政策；方针
【例句】We've been having friendly argument on politics.我们一直就政治问题进行友好的讨论。
【串记】The politician knows much about political knowledge but he knows nothing about the policies in American. 这个政治家知道很多政治知识，但是他一点儿都不理解美国的政策方针。

【趁热打铁】
一、语法填空。
1. Applying for jobs can be a long and          (pain) process.
2. He is not quite impressed with modern         (paint)
3. I love Italy,            (part) because of the people.
4.             (patient) plays an important role in one’s career and life.
5. Do I have to          (person) reject those pitiful persons you speak of?
6. It's interesting, and you can see that's a very           (persuade) argument.
7. Don’t laugh at the          (pity) beggar, who is just unlucky.
8. Everybody says it is worth seeing but I find nothing       particular about that place.
9. I know I am not            (particular) good at writing.
10. The government hopes to solve the problem by             (peace) means.
二、单句改错。
1. My brother likes eating very much, but he wasn’t very particular about the food he eats.
2. The policeman permitted the painter pass the busy road to deal with his urgent business.
3. The passenger has various hobbies, including writing music and paintings.
4. The police asked all the passer-by if they had seen the accident.
5. I like to have everything at place. I’m an organized man.
6. All our efforts will pay for. We must stick to what we are doing.
7. Personal, I think the place where we lost is the concept of life and work and attitude.
8. It is particularly dangerous for children under ten to play fire.
9. While the worker lived in Spain, he picked out Spanish.
10. I like him because of his performance always give me inspiration in many ways.
三、根据汉语提示完成句子，每空一词。
1. People who                        (参加) sports must be in condition.  
2. When the war and this regime will                 (过去), we will rebuild our life.
3. About twenty thousand ships                 (通过) the Gulf of Aden each year.
4.                         (对……有耐心) a difficult person is a challenge no matter who it is.
5. Its value largely depends on what someone else is willing to                   (支付) it.

四、根据括号的要求翻译句子。
1. 参观者请勿对展品拍照。(be permitted to)
                                                                                         
2. 她建议他们亲自和他们的儿子谈谈。 (in person)
                                                                                      
3. 他试着在他父母去世以前,和他们重归于好. (make peace with)
                                                                                       
4. 遗憾的是大多数人所在乎的仅仅就只是他们怎么样才能更多地赚到钱。(It is a pity that)
                                                                                       
5. 每个人都说那地方值得一看，但我却觉得那儿并没什么特别之处。(in particular)
     




                                                                                 
【答案】
一、语法填空。
1. painful  2. paintings  3. partly  4. Patience  5. personally  6. persuasive  7. pitiful  8. in  9. particularly  10. peaceful
二、单句改错。
1.wasn’t→isn't  2.particular→ particularly  3.paintings→ painting  4.passer-by →passers-by 5.at → in  6. for→off  7. Personal→Personally  8.在play后面加with  9. out→up  10. performance→performances
三、根据汉语提示完成句子，每空一词。
1. take part in  2. pass away  3. pass through  4. Being patient with  5. pay for  
四、根据括号的要求翻译句子。
1. Visitors are not permitted to take photographs of the exhibitions.
2. She advised them to talk with their son in person.
3. He tried to make peace with his parents before they passed away.  
4. It is a pity that all the majority of people care about is how they could be paid more.
5. Everybody says it is worth seeing but I find nothing in particular about that place.

高考英语核心词汇拓展  Day 24

461. pollute /pəˈlu:t/ vt. 污染；弄脏
【拓展】
pollute sth with sth污染,毁坏
pollution n. 污染 污染物
pollutant n. 污染物
【例句】The air is polluted with fumes from the factory．空气受到那工厂废气的污染。
【串记】The pollution in this area is very serious and the pollutant are mainly plastics. 这片地区污染的十分严重，大部分污染物是塑料。
462. popular /ˈpɒpjələ(r)/ (pop) a. (口语)(音乐、艺术等)大众的，通俗的；受欢迎的(unpopular)；a. 不受欢迎的
【拓展】
be popular with/among 受…欢迎，在…当中流行popularity n. 普及，流行；名气；受大众欢迎
popularize(s)e v. 普及，推广
【例句】①Skiing has become very popular recently. 滑雪运动最近盛行起来。
②Dickens has not lost his popularity among the book collectors狄更斯的作品仍受到藏书家的喜爱。
【串记】He enjoys great popularity in singing, and his songs are popular among young people especially popular songs. 他在歌界很出名，他的歌在年轻人中间很受欢迎, 尤其是流行歌曲。
position [pə'zɪʃn] n．位置；姿势；地位；职位；处境；立场，态度
【拓展】
in a(n) ... position处于……的地位/处境
in/out of position      在/不在适当的位置
take (up) a position     就位；得到职位
hold the position of ...      担任……的职务
【例句】①If you were in my position, you would have sympathy for those poor children.
如果你身在我的处境，你也会同情那些可怜的孩子。
②He holds the position of Sales Director in a large company.他在一家大公司担任销售部主任一职。
③This put him and his colleagues in a difficult position. 这使他和他的同事们处境艰难。
463. possess /pəˈzes/ vt. 占/拥/具有
【拓展】
(1)be possessed of具有(某种品质或能力)
(2)possession n.拥有；(pl.)财产；所有物
be in possession of拥有……(主语为人)
be in the possession of sb. ＝be in one’s possession某物被某人拥有；被某人占有；属于
come into one’s possession为某人所拥有
take/come into possession of拥有
【例句】①The company is possessed of technical force, completed equipment and advanced technologies. 公司拥有技术力量、设备齐全、技术先进。
②We've bought the house, but we can't have possession of it before July. 我们已经买了这所房子，但七月份之前我们不可能拥有它。
③He is in possession of the big company after his father retired. That is, the big company is in_ the possession of him.在他父亲退休后，他便拥有了这家大公司。也就是说，这家大公司为他所有。
【串记】He is in possession of a large possession; in the possession of such large money he took possession of the throne. 他拥有一笔巨大的财产，坐拥如此大的一笔钱，他占领了王位。
464. possible /ˈpɒsəbl/ a.可能的(反impossible)；合理的，可接受的
【拓展】
as……as possible(=as……as one can)尽可能
be possible of有可能
if possible如有可能，可能的话
It is possible+for sb．+to do (某人)能做……
possibly ad. 可能地；也许；大概
possibility n．可能，可能性
【例句】It is possible for him to solve the problem．他有可能解决这个问题。
【串记】I would go home whenever possible, if possible, I may drive home myself. 只要有可能，我都会回家，如果可能的话我会自己开车回去。
465. post /pəʊst/ n. 邮政，邮件；帖子；职位(同position)；邮寄(美mail)；张贴，宣/发布
【拓展】
post over (以告示、招贴)张贴于
post up 张贴
postage n. 邮费，邮资;        postcard n. 明信片;
postcode n. 邮政编码;     
postman n. 邮递员，邮差;
poster n. 海报，招贴，公告；招贴画；张贴者
postpone v. 延期/缓
【例句】I would be quite grateful if you would post this letter.要是你肯寄这封信,我将十分感激。
【串记】The postman needs to write down the postcode on the postcard and he also need to pay the postage for his brother. 这个邮差需要在明信片上写上邮政编码，他还要给他的哥哥付邮费。
466. power /ˈpaʊə(r)/ n. 力；能力；动/电/功力；大/强国；统治，政权；权力，控制/影响力；驱/推动
【拓展】
beyond one's power      不能胜任
come to/into power掌权；上台；执政
have power over控制，对……有支配权
in power掌权，执政
take/seize power      夺取政权
within/in one's power      有能力；力所能及
powerful a. 强大的；强有力的
【例句】①The party came to power at the last election.这个政党是在上次大选中当选执政的。
②It is quite beyond my power. I'm determined to give it up.这大大超出了我的能力，我决定放弃。
【点津】come to power 与 be in power 都表示“掌权”，但前者表示动作，不能与时间段连用；后者表示状态，可以与时间段连用。
【例句】The politician is still in power and he has a powerful influence on his nation. 那位政治家仍在掌权，他对他的国家有很大的影响。
【串记】Wu Zetian killed many people when she came into power, but she really did many good things for her people when she was in power, she died sooner after she was out of power. 武则天上台执政的时候杀了很多人，但她在位的时候为人民做了许多好事，她丧失权力之后不久就死了。
467. practice /ˈpræktɪs/ v. 练习，训练；实践；惯例，习俗；v. (美practise) 实践，练习；执业，从事(医生，律师等)
【拓展】
bring(carry)into practice实施，实行
in practice 在实践中；实际上，事实上
It is common practice to do sth．做……是常事
out of practice久不练习，荒废
put…into practice 实行，实施；落实
practical a. 实际的；实用性的
practically adv. 实际地；几乎；事实上
【例句】You’ll never learn to ride a bicycle if you don't practise．如果不练习的话，就学不会骑自行车。
【串记】To solve the problem in practice we need to put some practical methods into practice. 为了在实践中解决这个问题，我们需要实施一些有实用性的方法。
468. praise /preɪz/ n.& vt. 赞扬，表扬(反criticize, criticism)
【拓展】
in praise of为称赞……，为颂扬……
sing one’s own praise自吹自擂，颂扬自己
sing sb.’s praise=sing the praises of sb．颂扬(夸奖)某人
praise sb. for (doing) sth. 因某事表扬某人
【例句】He praised his friend as being one of the finest human beings he had ever met．他称赞他的朋友是他所遇到过的最好的人之一。
【串记】The president praised the girl for her song which sings high praise for our motherland. 总统因那首高度赞扬祖国的歌曲表扬了那个女孩。
pray/prei/ v.请求，恳求；祈祷，祈求
【拓展】
pray for pardon请原谅
pray to sb for sb/sth. (向……)祈求……
pray to do sth.祈祷做做某事
pray to sb to do sth.(=pray sb to do sth.)恳求某人(做)某事
prayer n．祈求者，祈祷者
【例句】I pray you to think again．我请求你重新考虑。
469. predict /prɪˈdɪkt/ v. 预计；预言
【拓展】
predictable a. 可预言/报/见/料的(反unpredicta-
ble)
prediction n. 预测/报/言；预言的事物
【例句】Nobody could predict the outcome. 谁也无法预料结果如何。
【串记】 Weather can be predictable but life is unpredictable. All the predictions about life are the results of hard work. 天气可以被预测，但是人生是不可预料的。所有人生的预言都是努力的结果。
470. prefer /prɪˈfɜr)/ (preferred, preferrred) vt. 宁愿（选择），更喜欢
【拓展】
(1)prefer doing/to do...更喜欢做……
prefer sb. to do...更喜欢让某人做……
prefer sth. /doing...to sth. /doing...与……相比更喜欢……
prefer to do A rather than (to) do B宁愿(做)A胜过(做)B
(2)preference n.偏爱；优先权；偏爱的事物
have a preference for...偏爱……
【例句】①She preferred going with us to staying behind.她宁愿跟我们一起去也不愿留下来。
②I would prefer to stay home rather than go out on such a rainy day.在这种雨天，我宁可待在家也不出门。
③I prefer jazz to rock music. 我喜欢爵士乐胜过摇滚乐。
【串记】For fruits I prefer apples to bananas but for food I prefer to eat spicy ones rather than eat sweet ones. 水果我喜欢苹果胜过香蕉，食物我宁愿吃辣胜过甜的。
471. prepare /prɪˈpeə(r)/ vt. (使)准备，预备；调制，配制
【拓展】
prepare for (使)为…作准备； (使)对…有思想准备
prepare sb./sth. for sth./sb. 给某人准备
prepared a. 准备好的
be/get prepared for sth./ 为…准备好
be/get prepared to do sth. 准备做某事；愿意……，乐于(做……)
preparation n. 预/准备
be in preparation在准备中
in preparation for为……作准备，用以……·以备……
make preparations for为……准备
【例句】①Hope for the best and prepare for the worst．抱最好的希望，准备应付最坏的情况。
②We must be well prepared for each examination．我们每次考试都要好好准备。
【串记】To make preparations for the weeding, parents need to prepare wedding dress for the bride，at the same time the bridegroom should get prepared for the rings. 为了准备婚礼，父母需要给新娘准备婚纱，同时新郎需要准备好戒指。
【辨析】be prepared“为……作好准备”，强调已准备好的状态，prepare(vi．)强调准备的过程。
472. present /ˈpreznt/ a. 现在(的)；出席的；n. 礼物/品；vt. 介绍，展示；提出呈递；赠送；颁发，授予；呈现，带来，招致
【拓展】
(1)present向某人赠送某物
present sb. to sb. 正式把某人介绍、引荐给某人
(2)be present at  出席……
(3)at present ＝ at the present time  目前，现在
for the present (for the moment) 此时此刻
up to the present迄今为止
presently ad. 目前；不久
【例句】①On Teachers' Day, my students presented me with some flowers.
＝On Teachers' Day, my students presented some flowers to me.教师节那天，我的学生送给我一些花。
②At present, more and more people are enjoying Running Man.
现在，越来越多的人喜欢《奔跑吧，兄弟》。
【点津】present 用作形容词，表示“在场的”时，通常作表语或后置定语；表示“现在的”时，常用作前置定语。
【串记】At present my boss present the presenter with a fascinating dress for her perfect presentation. 目前我老板因为主持人的完美陈述赠送给她一件迷人的裙子。
473. press /pres/ vt. 压，按；推；挤；催促，逼迫(同push, urge) n. 新闻界，出版社
【拓展】
come(go)to the press付印
correct  the press校对
in(the)press在印刷中
pressure n. 压力；压迫，/物/ 压强；vt. 迫使；密封；使…增压
at high pressure在高压下
【例句】The press will give us a great backing．新闻界将大力支持我们。
【串记】She puts her students to study hard although they are under great pressure. 她催促她的学生努力学习，即使他们处于巨大压力之下。
pretend /prɪ'tend/ v．假装；假扮
pretend
【例句】①Mary pretended not to_see me when I passed by, which made me very angry.
当我从玛丽身边经过的时候，她假装没看见我，这让我非常生气。
②She pretended to_be_doing her homework when I entered the room.
当我走进房间时，她假装正在做作业
③When her mother came in, she pretended to_have_fallen_asleep.
当她妈妈进来的时候，她假装已经睡着了。
【点津】pretend后面不定式的形式取决于其和谓语动词的关系：和谓语动词同时发生的，用不定式的进行式；发生在谓语动词之前的，用不定式的完成式。
474. prevent /prɪˈvent/ vt. 防止，预防
【拓展】
prevent sb．(sth．)from doing  sth．阻止……做……，prevent sb’s doing……阻止某人做……，在口语中也可省略from。
prevention n. 预防；阻止；妨碍
preventive n. 预防药；预防法a. 预防的，防止的
【例句】①My only idea was to prevent him from speaking．我惟一的想法就是不让他讲话。
②That affair will probably prevent my coming．那件事情很可能使我不能来。
【串记】The prevention of the disease didn’t work so we can’t prevent the children’s death. 这种疾病的预防药没有起作用，所以我们不能阻止孩子们的死亡。
475. price /praɪs/ n. 价格，价钱；代价(cost,expense)，牺牲
【拓展】
at any price不惜任何代价
at (a) price以…的价钱
at the price of以……作代价(牺牲)
priceless a. 无价的；极贵重的；非常有趣的
【例句】He managed to get a good price for the car. 他终于把汽车卖了个好价钱。
【串记】I bought the book at the price of twenty years ago but today the book is priceless. 几年前我用二十块买下这本书，现在这本书是无价的。
476. pride /praɪd/ n. 自豪，骄傲；令人骄傲/自豪的人/物
【拓展】
take(a)pride in对……感到自豪
pride oneself on引……以自豪，对……感到得意
Pride goes before a fall．骄者必败。
with pride 自豪地
proud a. 自豪/负的；得意的
be proud of 自豪，高兴；以…而骄傲
【例句】The proud lady’s pride was hurt. 那位骄傲的女士的自尊心受到了伤害。
【串记】As a proud person she is always proud of her son who often takes pride in singing. 作为一个自豪的人她总是以她那个以唱歌为傲的儿子而骄傲。
477. prison /ˈprɪzn/ n. 监狱；监禁，关押
【拓展】
in prison 在监狱
go to prison 入狱，被监禁
put sb. in/into prison 把某人送进监狱
prisoner n. 囚犯，犯人；俘虏；刑事被告
【例句】The suspect is in prison, awaiting trial. 嫌疑犯正在拘押候审中。
【串记】The prisoner went to prison in the year 2008 and it was his brother who put him into prison. In prison he finally realized that it was his own fault to use drugs. 这个囚犯于2018年入狱，是他的亲哥哥把他送进监狱的。在监狱里，他终于意识到他吸毒是不对的。  
478. private /ˈpraɪvət/ a. 私人/有/立的(反public)；私密的(同secret)
【拓展】
in private 私下地；秘密地
privacy n. 隐私(权)；秘密；隐居(处)
live in privacy过着隐居的生活
disturb sb．’s privacy打扰某人的清静
privately ad. 私下地；秘密地
【例句】The hotel has 110 bedrooms, all with private bathrooms. 这家旅馆有110间客房，各有独立卫生间。
【串记】The teachers in this private school often have gathering in private. 这个私立学校的老师们经常在私底下举行聚会。
proceed/prə'siːd/vi. 继续进行；开始；着手
【拓展】
proceed from 从…来,起因于,为…所引起
proceed in 在…中进行,按…次序进行
proceed on〔upon〕 照…进行,依照
proceed to 着手…,继续…,接着…
proceed with 继续进行…
【例句】Now that our plans are settled.Let us proceed.现在计划已安排好,让我们进行吧。
479. process /ˈprəʊses/ n. 过/进程；工序，步骤；v. 加工；处理
【拓展】
be in(the)process在进行中
in process of time逐渐地
processor n. 处理器；处理程序；加工者
【例句】It's a normal part of the learning process . 那是学习过程中的正常现象。
【串记】The processor needs to be improved so that the process can become perfect. 这个处理器需要被提升以便工序可以变得更加完美。
480. produce /prəˈdju:s/ vt. 产生，引起；生产，制造；创/制作；出产，生育；[U] (总称)产品；农产品
【拓展】
producer n. 生产者，制造者; 制片人
product n. 产品; 结果;作品;
production n. 生产，制作；产品/量
【例句】The region produces over 50% of the country's wheat. 这个地区出产全国50%以上的小麦。
【串记】The producer think that the production of the product needs to be improved. 生产厂家觉得产品制作的过程需要被改善。

【趁热打铁】
一、语法填空。
1. Applying for jobs can be a long and          (pain) process.
2. He is not quite impressed with modern         (paint)
3. I love Italy,            (part) because of the people.
4.             (patient) plays an important role in one’s career and life.
5. Do I have to          (person) reject those pitiful persons you speak of?
6. It's interesting, and you can see that's a very           (persuade) argument.
7. Don’t laugh at the          (pity) beggar, who is just unlucky.
8. Everybody says it is worth seeing but I find nothing       particular about that place.
9. I know I am not            (particular) good at writing.
10. The government hopes to solve the problem by             (peace) means.
二、单句改错。
1. My brother likes eating very much, but he wasn’t very particular about the food he eats.
2. The policeman permitted the painter pass the busy road to deal with his urgent business.
3. The passenger has various hobbies, including writing music and paintings.
4. The police asked all the passer-by if they had seen the accident.
5. I like to have everything at place. I’m an organized man.
6. All our efforts will pay for. We must stick to what we are doing.
7. Personal, I think the place where we lost is the concept of life and work and attitude.
8. It is particularly dangerous for children under ten to play fire.
9. While the worker lived in Spain, he picked out Spanish.
10. I like him because of his performance always give me inspiration in many ways.
三、根据汉语提示完成句子，每空一词。
1. People who                        (参加) sports must be in condition.  
2. When the war and this regime will                 (过去), we will rebuild our life.
3. About twenty thousand ships                 (通过) the Gulf of Aden each year.
4.                         (对……有耐心) a difficult person is a challenge no matter who it is.
5. Its value largely depends on what someone else is willing to                   (支付) it.
四、根据括号的要求翻译句子。
1. 参观者请勿对展品拍照。(be permitted to)
                                                                                         
2. 她建议他们亲自和他们的儿子谈谈。 (in person)
                                                                                      
3. 他试着在他父母去世以前,和他们重归于好. (make peace with)
                                                                                       
4. 遗憾的是大多数人所在乎的仅仅就只是他们怎么样才能更多地赚到钱。(It is a pity that)
                                                                                       
5. 每个人都说那地方值得一看，但我却觉得那儿并没什么特别之处。(in particular)
                                                                                       

【答案】
一、语法填空。
1. painful  2. paintings  3. partly  4. Patience  5. personally  6. persuasive  7. pitiful  8. in  9. particularly  10. peaceful
二、单句改错。
1.wasn’t→isn't  2.particular→ particularly  3.paintings→ painting  4.passer-by →passers-by 5.at → in  6. for→off  7. Personal→Personally  8.在play后面加with  9. out→up  10. performance→performances
三、根据汉语提示完成句子，每空一词。
1. take part in  2. pass away  3. pass through  4. Being patient with  5. pay for  
四、根据括号的要求翻译句子。
1. Visitors are not permitted to take photographs of the exhibitions.
2. She advised them to talk with their son in person.
3. He tried to make peace with his parents before they passed away.  
4. It is a pity that all the majority of people care about is how they could be paid more.
5. Everybody says it is worth seeing but I find nothing in particular about that place.

高考英语核心词汇拓展 Day 25

481. profit /'prɒfɪt/ n. 利润，赢利；利益，好处
【拓展】
profit by〔from〕 sth/v-ing得益于
bring a profit to 给…带来好处
make a profit 获利；赚钱
to one's profit 为了个人的利益
non-profit a. 非营利的
profitable a. 有利可图的；赚钱的；有益的
【例句】①What is a man profited if he shall gain the whole world, and lose his own soul?假使一个人获得了整个世界而失去了自己的灵魂,这对他又有何意义呢?
② I hope to profit by(from)your advice．我希望从你的忠告中得益。
【串记】If you want to make a profit, don’t do non-profit things, which is not profitable business.  如果你想要赚钱那就不要做非营利的事情，这是不会赚到钱的生意。
【串记】My boss makes a profit from the profitable designing company and then donate them to the non-profit charity. 我老板从这个赚钱的设计公司获利然后把钱捐给慈善机构。
482. programme/'prəʊgræm/ (美program) n. 计划，方案；节目(单)；项目；活动安排；课程；(计算机)程序；v. 计划，安排；编程
【拓展】
programmer程序设计员
【例句】How can I get out of the programme? 我怎么才能退出这个程序呢？
【串记】The programmer made a programme. 这个程序设计员制定了一个方案。
483. progress/'prəʊgres/ n. 进步；发展；前进 v. 进步；发展；缓速前进；促进
in progress 正在进行；在发展中
make progress (in) (在……方面)取得进步
progress in〔with〕 sth在…方面取得进展
progressive a. 进步的；先进的
【例句】How are you progressing with your driving lessons?
你的驾驶课学得怎么样?
【串记】She is the most progressive writers. If you want to make progress, work with her. 她是最有进步的作家，如果你想取得进步就和她一起工作吧。
484. promise/'prɒmɪs/n. 诺言；指/希望，前途；v. 答应，许诺
【拓展】
promise sb. sth./sth. to sb. 承诺某人做某事
promise to do sth. 承诺做某事
promise (sb.)( that)从句 答应某人……
give(make)a promise约定
keep one's promise遵守诺言
break one's promise失约
give promise of有……的可能，给予……的希望，预示
under promise to(do)有(的)……义务
promising a. 有希望的，有前途的
【例句】John promised to become a good doctor·约翰有希望成为一名好医生。
【串记】My boyfriend is a promising programmer, who promised me a diamond ring. 我男朋友是个很有前途的程序员，他答应给我一枚钻戒。
【串记】Because of the promising project, the manager promised his workers a big meal if they promise that they can finish the work on time.
因为这个有希望的项目，经理答应他的员工如果他们按时完成工作就奖励一顿大餐。
485. promote /prə'məʊt/ v. 促进，推动；提/晋升；推广，促销
【拓展】
(1)promote sb.(from sth.) to sth.把某人(从某职位)
提升到某职位
be promoted to ...      被提升为……
(2)promotion n.      提升，晋级，促进
get/win/gain promotion      得到晋升
promotion n. 提/晋升；推/促销；促进；发扬，振兴
【例句】①While waiting for the opportunity to get promoted/promotion, Henry did his best to perform his duty.在等待机会被提拔期间，亨利尽量履行好自己的职责。
②He was promoted from a clerk to a manager after many years of hard work.
＝He got/won/gained promotion from a clerk to a manager after many years of hard work.
多年努力工作之后他由职员晋升为经理。
【串记】The promoter was in town to promote books because he wants to get a promotion in his company. 推销员在城里推销他的新书，因为他想在他的公司得到提升。
486. proper /'prɒpə/a. 恰当的，合适的(improper)
【拓展】
be proper for 适合…的
in one's proper person亲自,亲身
It is proper +for +sb．+to do某人做……是合适的
It is proper +that从句，……是合适的。that从句中要用虚拟语气，谓语动词用(should+)动词原形。
properly ad. 适当地；正确地；恰当地
【例句】It is not proper that you(should)wear a cap while eating．你用餐时还戴着帽子是不合适的。
【串记】You should prepare a proper gift and dress properly and above all behave in a proper way. 你应该准备一份合适的礼物，穿着得体，首要的是举止得体。
487. protect/prə'tekt/ vt. 保/防护
【拓展】
(1)protect sb./sth. from保护某人/某物使不受……
protect sb./sth. against  防止某人/某物遭受……
(2)protection n.      保护
under the protection of  在……的保护下
protective a. 防护的；关切保护的
【例句】①She wore a hat to protect her face from the sun. 她戴着一顶帽子保护她的脸免受阳光的照射。
②Greek people often wear a blue necklace hoping to protect themselves against/from evils. 希腊人经常戴一条蓝色的项链，希望保护自己免受邪恶。
③He left the airport under the protection of the security guards. 他在保安的保护下离开了机场。
【串记】 Your protective measure can protect them from taking drugs. 你的保护措施能保护他们不去吸毒并且会被支持和保护。
proud [praʊd] adj. 自豪的；自尊的；自傲的；
【拓展】
(1)be proud of为……感到骄傲/自豪
be proud to do...做……感到自豪
be proud that...为……而感到自豪
(2)pride n.骄傲，自豪 vt.为……骄傲
take pride in以……自豪，对……感到得意
with pride骄傲地；自豪地
pride oneself on (doing) sth. 以(做)某事而自豪； 得意于(做)某事
proudly ad．自豪地，得意洋洋地，高傲地
【例句】If your father had still been alive, he would have felt very proud of you.你父亲如果还健在的话,他会为你骄傲的。
He is too proud to do such mean thing．他很有自尊心，不屑做这种下贱的事。
488. prove/pruːv/(proved, proved/proven) vt. 证明/实；link v. 证明是，被发现是(turn out)
【拓展】
(1)prove sth. to sb.向某人证明某事
prove oneself (to be) ... 证明自己是
prove (to be)＋n./adj.      原来是，证明是
It is proved that ...      据证明……，据证实……
(2)proof  n.      证据；证明
There's (no) proof that ...  (没)有证据证明……
proof n. 证明/据
【例句】①The difficulty was how he could prove his ideas to other scientists.困难在于他如何向其他科学家证明自己的观点。
②The boy tried to prove himself to be a good student and he really proved best.这个男孩努力证明自己是一个好学生，他确实被证明是很棒的。
【点津】当prove作为系动词表示“证明是，结果是……”时，无被动语态，要用主动形式表示被动意义。
【记】Icould prove to my friends that nothing ever changes with solid proof. 我可以用坚实的证据向我的朋友证明没有任何东西改变过。
489. provide /prə'vaɪd/ vt. 提供，供应
【拓展】
provide sb. with sth./provide sth. for sb.为某人提供某物/为某人提供某物
provide for 赡养，养活
(2)provided (that) ... ＝ providing (that) ...
倘若；在……情况/条件下
【例句】①Besides, being provided_with some information about career planning can help us develop our interest and potential.另外，了解一些有关职业规划的信息有助于我们开发我们的兴趣和潜力。
②I'm sure that he has the ability to provide for his family.
我相信他有能力供养妻儿老小。
③Provided/Providing that there is money on you, you may buy whatever you like. 只要你有钱，你可以买任何你喜欢的东西。
【串记】We will provide a car for you providing you work with us. 如果你和我们一起工作，我们将为你提供一辆汽车。
490. public /'pʌblɪk/ a. 公共/立的；公众/开的(反private)；n. 公众(the ~)
【拓展】
in public 公开地，当众(反in private/secret)
public transport/figure 公共交通/公众人物
publicly ad. 公开/然地
【例句】A shy person dare not speak in public. 害羞的人不敢在公众面前讲话。
【串记】The public is in favour of the reform of public schools. However, some people are publicly against it. 公众赞成公立学校的改革。然而，一些人公开反对它。
491. publish /'pʌblɪʃ/ vt. 出版，发行；刊登，发表
【拓展】
publish to the world 公之于世
publish under one's real name 用真名发表
publication n. 出版；出版物；发表
publisher n. 出版者，出版商；发行人
publishing a. & n. 出版(业)(的)
【例句】The novelis published from(by)the Foreign Lauguages Press．这本小说由外文出版社出版。
【串记】In the large publishing company, the publisher changed the steps of publication. 在这所大的出版社公司里，出版商改变了出版的步骤。
492. pull/pʊl/v. 拉，拖(反push)；拔/抽(出)；n. 拉力，引力
【拓展】
pull down拉下，降低；推翻，拆毁
pull in(车)进站，(船)到岸，减少，缩减
pull off脱(帽，衣等)，得到某物；获胜，获得成功
pull on穿，戴；对…有吸引力
pull oneself together控制自己(的感情等)
pull out拔出，抽出，取出；(车、船等)驶出
pull through 恢复健康，精神状况转好; 渡过
pull up(车辆)减速并停下；拔出
【例句】①I felt a pull at my sleeve and turned round.我感觉到有人拉了一下我的袖子,于是就转过身去。
②When all passengers were on board, the train pulled out of the station.所有乘客都上车后,火车开出了车站。
493. purpose /'pɜːpəs/ n.目的/标，意图；意图，作用
【拓展】
for(the)purpose of为了
on purpose故意地(同by design，反by chance)
with the purpose of为了
to the purpose中肯的，合适的
purposeful a. 有目的的，故意的
purposefully ad. 果断地，明确目标地
purposely ad. 故意地，蓄意地
【例句】①This plan will not answer our purpose.这计划不符合我们的需要。
②I came here on purpose to see you.我是专程来看你的。
【串记】She is a purposeful person and does things
on purpose. Now she is acting purposefully. 她是一个有决心的人并且做事是有目的，现在正在有目的地行动。
push /pʊʃ/ v. 推；按；挤；逼迫；催促 n. 推；奋力；决心
【拓展】
push around使唤，任意摆布
push aside把…推向一旁; 不管，不顾; 排挤; 拨开;
push off推开(离)，使脱离岸，离开，走开
push on继续向前，匆忙赶(to)，(with)继续促进，鼓励(to do)
push over推翻,推倒
pushthrough促使，完成，通过，冲过，穿过
push up上升，增加
at a push不得已时，危急之际；一下子，一口气give(get)sb．the push把某人解雇
【例句】①Don't push. Wait your turn to get on the bus.不要推,依次上车。
②The crowd in the station is so thick that I had to push through to reach my friend.
车站人群太拥挤,我不得不使劲挤,才能挤到朋友跟前。
He gave me a sudden push backwards．他突然把我向后一推。
494. put/pʊt / (put，put) vt. 放，摆；写/记/标上；说，表达
【拓展】 put aside 储备，积蓄; 扔下，搁置
put away 收起来，放好; 储存
put back 放回原处; 拨回，向后推
put down 放/记下; 镇压
put forward 提出; 将…提前; 将钟拨快
put into 把…放入;使处于某种状态; 把…译成
put off 延期; 脱去(衣、帽等)
put on 增加; 穿上; 上演
put out 生产; 伸出; 出版; 扑灭
put through实行; 完成; 使经历; 接通(电话)
put together 把…放在一起; 组合; 装配
put up 举起; 提高; 张贴; 建造；提供食宿
put up with 忍受，容忍 (同tolerate)
【例句】①Don't put off until tomorrow what can be done today. 不要把今天能做的事推迟到明天。
②A notice was put up in order to remind students of the changed lecture time. 为了提醒学生课时的变化，我们做了一个通知。
③He put forward a very good suggestion at the meeting. 他在会上提出了一个非常好的建议。
④I don't know how you put up with their constant quarrelling. 我不知道你是怎么忍受他们不断争吵的。
⑤Mary is really good at taking notes in class. She can put down almost every word her teacher says. 玛丽在课堂上很擅长做笔记。她能把老师说的每句话都记下来。
【串记】If you put off putting my novel into English, I won’t put up with you.
495. puzzle /'pʌz(ə)l/ n. 难题，(字、画)谜；vt. 使迷惑
【拓展】
in a puzzle about〔as to〕对(某事)困惑不解
puzzle in words 字谜
puzzle about〔over〕 为…大伤脑筋,对…冥思苦想
puzzle out 推测出
puzzle through 钻研；摸索着通过
puzzled a. 困惑的；茫然的；搞糊涂的
puzzling a. 令人迷惑的，令人费解的
【例句】How the dinasour died out is a puzzle to the public. 恐龙是如何灭绝的对公众来说是一个谜。
【串记】It is such a puzzling question that I feel very puzzled. 这是一个令人费解的问题，我感到非常的困惑。
496. qualify /'kwɒlɪfaɪ/ vt. 使具备资格；描述；[语]修饰 vi. 取得资格；合格
【拓展】
qualify to do或for(as) (使)(某人)取得(做……)资格
qualify sb as sb/sth把……看作，把……描述
qualify sth with sth用…缓和; 用…限制
qualified a．有资格的，有能力的，被限制的
qualification n.资格，资格证明(书)，合格证明(书)，评定等级；限制
quality n. 质量，性/品/优质
of good/poor quality 质量好/不好
【例句】①Knowledge a1one doesn't qualify you to teach．只凭知识并非使你有资格教书。
②His training qualified him for the job．他所受的训练使他具有担任那项工作的资格。
【串记】She has the qualification to be a qualified teacher, who qualify to get this award. 她有资格成为一名合格的老师并且有资格得到奖励。
497. quarrel /'kwɒr(ə)l / vi.& n. 争吵，吵架
【拓展】
(1)have a quarrel with sb. about/over sth..因某事和某人争吵
(2)quarrel with sb. about/over sth..因某事和某人争吵
【例句】After they quarreled with each other about/over their work，they began to realize someone was to blame.
→After they had a quarrel with each other about/over their work，they began to realize someone was to blame.(quarrel n.) 他们在工作上争吵之后，开始意识到有人该受责备。
【串记】Husbands always quarrel with their wives about money. 丈夫经常为了钱和他们的妻子吵架。
498. question/'kwestʃ(ə)n/ n. 问/难题；vt. 询问
【拓展】
beyond(all)question无疑地，确实地
call sth.in(into)question对……表示怀疑，争议，异议come into question被讨论，被重视
in question正被讨论的，有问题的
out of question毫无疑问地
out of the question不可能的，办不到的
put a question to询问
put the question付诸表决
without question毫无疑问，毫无异议
questionnaire n. 调查表; 调查问卷
【例句】①I would never question her honesty.我决不会对她的诚实有所怀疑。
②Your answer is beside the question．你的回答离题了。
【串记】To answer this question in an hour is out of question for a teacher, but it is out of the question for a student. 在一小时回答这个问题对一位老师来说不成问题，但对于一个学生来说却是不可能的。
499. quick /kwɪk/ a. & ad. 快；敏捷的/地；急剧的/地
【拓展】
be quick at(about，in)(做)……敏捷，迅速
be quick to do(做)……是很快的，敏捷(做)……
quicken v. 加快；变活跃
quickly ad. 迅速地；很快地
【例句】①Be quick about your work.把活干得快一点。
②She was always quick to lose my temper．她总是动不动就发脾气。
【串记】The new technology will quicken the product development pace, and take the market quickly. 这个新技术将会加快新产品开发的速度，快速占领市场。
500. quiet /'kwaɪət/a. 安/寂静的；文静的，少言寡语的；n. 安/宁静
【拓展】
Keep/be quiet! 安静！
Quiet down！安静！
形近词：quite ad. 完全，十分
【例句】①Please keep quiet while others are studying.在别人学习的时候,请保持安静。
②Leave me alone. I just want some peace and quiet.别理我,我只想安静一下。
【串记】He is a quiet boy. When the others are quarrelling, he remains quiet on this question.他是一个安静的男孩。当别人吵架时，他在这个问题上保持沉默。
【辨析】 quiet/calm/still/silent
这些形容词均含“平静的，无声无息”之意。 quiet普通用词，指没有喧闹、活动或骚乱的寂静状态。calm普通用词，既可指天气、海洋等的平静状态，又可指人的镇定沉着、不慌乱，不受外界影响和情绪支配。silent普通用词，指缄默不语或无声无息。still指平静而又安定的状态。
【趁热打铁】
一、语法填空。
1. This program is a        (promise) project. The manager will get promoted if that they finish it on time.
2. The         (promote) of the new product proved to be a great success.
3. Some errors are caused by        (proper) operation, and there is no hardware damage.
4. The numerous holes in the ground protect the small animals            the summer heat.
5. With         (purpose) reading, much of their time and energy will be saved.
6. With the        (publish) of the novel, the writer and the publisher both succeeded.
7. qualified What makes you think you are        (qualify) for this position?
8. Once you find that love within yourself, you will see your path begin to        (quick).
9. Such firms are big, but not the most        (profit). They lack core competitiveness.
10. The programmer didn’t major in           (program) at college.
二、单句改错。
1. That clearly indicates that no one can make a progress merely because of good looks.
2. Besides, they also should be taught to use it proper and form a correct notion(观念) of consumption.
3. When all the passengers boarded the train, it pulled in.
4. We can see from his puzzling look that the problem is really difficult.
5. I would rather be laughed at than quarrel about him.
6. He is out of question the best student in the whole class. He failed in most subjects.
7. If you fail because of laziness, indecision or poor planning, you can quick correct those in the future.   
8. You have the right to remain quietly, but anything you say can be used against you in the court.  
9. The protection of the rare animals and plants are very important and necessary.
10. The manager demands each promoter puts forward a proposal in public.
三、根据汉语提示完成句子，每空一词。
1. We need to                 (拆除) these barriers that hold people back,in progress
2. We should ban smoking not only                (在公共场合), but also at home.
3. The famous article was                (出版) in the 1920s, nearly a century away.
4. The programmer destroyed the computer                (故意).
5. Today's advertisements often start with a question, or a puzzle,                      (目的是)attracting the reader's attention.
四、根据括号的要求翻译句子。
1. 迄今为止，没有证据表明来自其它行星宇宙飞船确实存在。(there is no proof that)
                                                                                                  
2. 有些家长没有给孩子提供足够的机会独立。(provide sb. with sth.)
                                                                                                   
3. 我的助手承诺尽快把论文翻译成英文。(put …into)
                                                                                                   
4. 如果一个人在思维敏捷，我们就说这个人聪明伶俐。(be quick in)
                                                                                               
5. 这个程序证明是盗版的(pirated).，但是可以盈利。(prove to be)
                                                                                               
【答案】
一、语法填空。
1. promising  2. promotion  3. improper  4. from/against  5. purposeful  6. publication  7. qualified  8. quicken  9. profitable  10. programming
二、单句改错。
1. 去掉a  2. proper→properly    3. in→out  4.  puzzling→puzzled  5. about→with  6. 在of和question之间加the  7. quick→quickly  8. quiet→quietly  9. are→is  10. puts→put
三、根据汉语提示完成句子，每空一词。
1. pull down    2.  in public   3. put out   4. on purpose  5. for/with the purpose of   
四、根据括号的要求翻译句子。
1. So far there is no proof that spaceships from other planets do exist.
2. Some parents do not provide their children with enough opportunities to be independent.
3. My assistant promised to put the paper into English as soon as possible.
4. If someone is quick in mind, we say he is smart.
5. The program proved to be pirated, but it can make profits.

  高考英语核心词汇拓展 Day 26

501. quit/kwɪt/ (quit/quitted, quit/quitted) v. 离开，停止，放弃(近desert, give up, abandon, stop)
【拓展】
quit doing...停止做……
quit hold of放弃
quit office/one’s job离职
quit school辍学
【例句】①Doctors are doing research to find out what happens physically when people quit smoking.
医生正在做研究，以找出人们戒烟时身体会发生什么。
②The boy quitted school and found a job to support his family.那个男孩辍学了，找了份工作养家。
【串记】After the youth had quit school, he was addicted to drugs too deep to quit taking them. 退学后，这个年轻人陷入毒品太深而无法戒除。
502. raise/reɪz/ vt. 使升高，举/抬起(同lift)；提高，增加(同increase)；凑款(同collect)；养育(同bring up)；饲养(同keep,feed)
【拓展】
raise from 把…从…举起
raise oneself upon a tiptoe 踮起脚尖站着
raise to 把…举起到…
raise money/babies 筹集钱/抚养孩子
raise pulic awareness/questions/one’s voice 提高公众意识/声音/提出问题
【例句】What should we do to raise pulic awareness of protecting the environment? 我们要做些什么来提高公众的环保意识呢？
【串记】In order to raise money to raise their three children, the couple had to raise cattle in the hill. 为了筹钱养三个孩子，那对夫妇只好在山上养牛。  
【辨析】rise/raise/arise
rise/raise 都有“上升，增长”之意。raise vt. (raised, raised)及物动词, 除了提高以外，还有其他很多意思。
rise vi. (rose, risen)生起；起立/床  arise vi (arose/arisen)产生，出现
503.range/reɪndʒ/ n. 一系列，多样性，范围，幅度；山脉；v. 包括，(在某个范围内)延伸
【拓展】
(1)in/within range (of sth.) 在射程以内；在……范围内
beyond/out of range (of sth.)在射程以外；在……范围外
a wide range of      大范围的；各种各样的
(2)range ... in rows      把……排成排
range from ... to .../between ... and ...
在……范围内变化；从……到……之间的各类事物
【例句】①Their jobs widely range from government officials and athletes to drivers, teachers, artists and so on.他们的工作多种多样，从政府官员和运动员到司机、教师、艺术家等等。
②In addition to these traditional activities, we have a wider range of choices such as travelling and visiting our relatives or friends.除了这些传统活动外，我们有更广的选择，诸如旅游和走亲访友。
【串记】There are a wide range of landscapes in Sichuan, ranging from mountain range, basin to plateau and so on. 四川地貌类型多样，有山脉、盆地、高原等。
504.rank /ræŋk/  n. 等级，级别，职衔，军衔；vt. 排列；把……分等；vi. 列队；列为
【拓展】
be in the first rank 是第一流的
fall into rank 排队，列队
give first rank to 把…放在第一位
keep rank 维持秩序
take rank of 在…之上
take rank with 和…并列，和…并肩
【例句】①He is in the first rank of university teachers.他是一流的大学教师。
②He can never take rank with the great writers.他绝不能与伟大的作家相提并论。
③He came up through the ranks to become a general.他行伍出身，最后成为将军。
【串记】At 50, the painter of the first rank was forced to join the ranks of the unemployed.那个曾经一流的画家50岁时被迫加入了失业行列。
505.rate/reɪt/ n. 比率；速度/率；价格；等级；v. 估价；评估；划分等级
【拓展】
at a good [terrible] rate 以相当[惊人]的速度
at any rate 无论如何，不管怎样
at the rate of 按…的比例；以…的速度
by no rate 决没有…
at this/that rate照此情形；如此下去
【例句】①We drove at a steady rate.我们以平稳的速度开车。
②He will get some valuable experience, at any rate.无论如何他会得到宝贵的经验。
③At this rate we won't be able to afford a holiday.照这样下去,我们就度不成假了。
【串记】At any rate, good development depends on the first-rate product and first-rate services. Only at this rate can a company rank first. 无论如何，良好的发展取决于一流的产品和一流的服务。只有如此下去，一家公司才能排名第一。
506.rather/'rɑːðə/ ad. 相当；宁可；相反地，反而
【归纳】
(1)        
宁愿做某事而不愿做某事
had rather(than)宁愿……(而不愿)
would rather宁可，宁愿，与其不如……(不如)，不是……(而是)
would rather……(than……)宁愿……也不
(1)or rather更确切地说
rather than而不，不顾
other than         除……之外
more than         很，非常，超过，不仅仅是
【例句】①These reports give an outline rather than the details. 这些报告提供了一个大纲，而不是细节。
②We all use different methods, or rather a combination of methods. 我们都使用不同的方法，或者更确切地说，方法的组合。
③The form cannot be signed by anyone other than yourself. 除了您之外，其他人不能对表单进行签名。
④He would stay at home watching TV rather than go to the concert.
他宁愿在家看电视也不愿意去听音乐会。
【串记】Other than you, we would stay at home rather than go out. 除了你，我们宁愿呆在家里也不愿出去。
507.reach/riːtʃ/ v. 伸出，伸手/脚够；够到；到达；达 到/成； n. 范围
【拓展】
rereach an agreement/a decision/a goal 达成协议/决定/目
beyond / out of the reach of力所不及的
within easy reach of在……近处，从……易到之处
【例句】Who reached the destination first? 谁最先到达终点？
【串记】Ranking first in the match is out of my reach, So we made an agreement to work together to reach our goals and dreams. 在比赛中排名第一是不可能的，因此，我们达成协议，共同努力实现我们的目标和梦想。
508.react /rɪ'ækt/ v. (作出)反应；(化学)反应，产生不良反应
【拓展】
react against 反抗
react to 对…做出反应
react upon 对…起反应，作用于…
react with 同…起反应
reaction n. 反应，感应
in reaction to对……作出反应
reactor n．反应堆，反应器；引起反应的人或物
【例句】①Children sometimes react against the thing their parents believe in.孩子们有时反对他们的父母相信的事。
②How do you react to this modern artist's paintings.你对这位现代艺术家的绘画看法如何?
③Iron reacts with water and air to produce rust.铁与水和空气起化学反应而生锈。
【串记】When we use metals, it is important to know
how they react with different substances. 当我们使用金属时，知道它们与不同的物质是如何反应的是很重要的。
509.ready /'redɪ/ a. 准备好的；现成是；乐/愿意的；易于……的
【拓展】
be/get ready for sth. 为某事准备
be/get ready to do sth. 准备做某事  
get sth. ready 把某事准备好
get /be ready to do sth. 准备做某事；乐意做某事
readily ad. 容易地；乐意地
【例句】Are you ready for the challenge? 你准备好迎接挑战了吗?
【串记】We are ready to get everthing ready ahead of time. 我们准备提前把一切准备好。
510.real /riːl/ a. 实际的；真实的；实在的
【拓展】
(1)really ad. 实际上，事实上；真正地，真实地
(2)realise (美realize) vt. 认识到，实现
(3) reality n.[U]现实，真实；[C]事实，现实的事物
in reality事实上，实际上
come into reality(梦想)实现
become a reality成为现实
realistic adj.现实的；现实主义的
realization，realisation n．实现；了解，察觉，具体化；达成，认识到；认清
【例句】①She never had any real friends at school.在学校，她从来没有交过真正的朋友。
②Many a parent pins the hopes on the children to realise their unfilled ambitions.很多父母试图在他们的儿女身上实现他们的梦想。
③It seems as if he knew everything, but in reality, he is as stupid as can be.他似乎是个万事通,其实他是再愚蠢不过了。
【串记】In reality, it is really easy to realise our dream. 实际上，实现我们的梦想真的很容易。
511.reason /ˈrizən/ vi. 推/评理；劝说；n. 理由，原因
【拓展】
bring to reason 使明白道理，使服从道理
by reason of 凭…的理由，因为
come to reason 清醒过来
for some reason 由于某种原因
give reasons for 说明…的理由
lose one's reason 失去理性，发狂
out of all reason 不合理，不对头；不可理喻的
the reason why… is that… 的原因是……
reasonable a. 合理的，公道的；通情达理的
【例句】①I think the reason why you are always angry may be the high pressure of study.我认为你总是发火的原因或许是学习压力太大了。
②The reason (that/which) he explained at the meeting was that he didn't catch the first bus.他在会议上解释的理由是他没有赶上第一辆公共汽车。
③She gave no reasons for her decision. 她没有对她的决定作出任何解释。
【串记】The reason he gave why he wanted to quit his job is reasonable. 他给出的辞职理由是合理的。
【辨析】reason强调在逻辑推理上引导出结论的原因，借此说明产生某事的根由，并指出其所以然；cause着重指出导致某种结果的原因，其对应词是effect(结果)。
512.receive /rɪ'siv/ v. 收到，得到；接待/见
【拓展】
receiver n. 接收器，听筒，接待者
receipt n. 收到；收据；收入
on receipt of当收到，一经收到
reception n. 接待；接收；招待会；感受；反应
receptionist n. 接待员；传达员
【例句】What would you like to receive for your nextbirthday? 你想在你的下个生日收到什么？
【串记】The receptionist received a receipt at the reception. 接待会上，接待员收到了一张收据。
513.recognise /'rekəɡnaɪz/ (美recognize) vt. 认出，辨认出；意识到；承/公认
【拓展】
(1) recognise sb./one's voice认出某人/听出某人的声音
recognise ...as/to be ...      承认/认出……是……
be universally recognised as ...被公认为/承认是……
It is recognised that ...      人们意识到……
(2)recognition n.      认出；认识
out of/beyond recognition      认不出来
recognizable a. 可辨认的；可认识的；可承认的
【例句】Never will we recognize each other even when we meet face to face in the street one day..那么，即使某一天，我们面对面在街角相遇，我们也不会认出彼此。
【串记】I suddenly recognised that I didn’t recognise him at first sight. 我突然意识到我第一眼就没认出他来。
514.recommend /rekə'mend/ v. 推荐；建议，劝告
【拓展】
(1)向某人推荐某人/某物
recommend sb. as  推荐某人为……
(2)recommend sb. to do sth.  建议/劝某人做某事
recommend doing sth. 建议做某事
recommend that ... (should) ...建议……(应该)做……
It is/was recommended that ...(should) ...有人建议……
(3)recommendation n. 建议；推荐
【例句】①He recommends wearing safety equipment while inspecting the construction site. 他建议在检查施工现场时穿戴安全设备。
②The doctor recommended me to_change  my way of life. 医生建议我改变我的生活方式。
③Doctors strongly recommend that fathers (should) be present at their baby's birth.医生极力建议孩子出生时父亲应该在场。
【串记】I recommended him to read more, and he accepted my recommendation. 我建议他多读书，他接受了我的建议。
515. record /ˈrekɔːd/ n. 记录/载；唱片；vt. 录下
【拓展】
(1)It is recorded that ...据记载……
(2)keep a record of  把……记录下来
break/set/hold a record  打破/创造/保持纪录
on record  记录在案的
make a record  录制唱片
recorder n. 录音机,记录器
【例句】①It is recorded that there have been a lot of earthquakes in this area. 据记载，这个地区已发生过多次地震。
②Keep a record of the mistakes you made — it will help you avoid making the same ones later. 把你犯的错误记录下来，这会让你避免以后犯同样的错误。
③I like to record my thoughts in the blog..我喜欢在博客里记录我的想法。
【串记】It is recorded that some athletes broke the world record, some set a new record, and others held the former record.
据记载，有些运动员打破了世界纪录，有的创造了新纪录，其他的保持了原有纪录。
516. recover /rɪ'kʌvə/ vi. & vt. 痊愈；恢复；重新获得
【拓展】
recover from 从…恢/康复
recover from one’s illness恢复健康，病后复原
recovery n. 恢/康复
【例句】He's still recovering from his operation.手术后，他仍在恢复之中。
【串记】Having just recovered from illness, the policewoman recovered her wor right away.警方最终追回了失窃的油画。
517. reduce /rɪ'djuːs/ vt. 减少，缩减(cut)
【拓展】
reduce ... to ...把……减少到……
reduce ... by ... 把……减少了……
be reduced to ... 沦落为……；陷入某种状态
reduction n. 减少；下降；缩小
【例句】①Though the price of the house has been reduced by 10%, we can't afford it either.
尽管房价下降了10%，我们还是买不起。
②The great fire reduced the forest to a few trees．大火将整片森林烧得只剩下三五棵树。
【串记】The number of employees was reduced from 40 to 25. 雇员人数从40人减少到了25人。
518. refer vi. 谈/提到，涉及；查阅，参考；指的是
【拓展】
(1) refer to指的是；提到；涉及；参考；查阅
refer ... to ...把……提交……处理
refer to ... as ...  把……称作……
(2)reference n.  提及；参考；查阅
in/with reference关于，与……有关
【例句】①Johnson referred to the discovery as a major breakthrough in medical science.约翰逊称这次发现是医学领域的一个重大突破。
②You’d better write down the phone number of that restaurant for future reference.你最好记下那家餐馆的电话号码，以供以后查询。
【串记】The person referred to in the meeting is a referee. 会上提到的那个人是一位裁判员。
519. reflect/rɪ'flekt/ v. 反射；映出；反映/思，回想
【拓展】
(1)reflect on/upon    仔细考虑/沉思/反省……
be reflected in  被映照在……中；被反映在……
(2)reflection n. 反映，表现；倒影，影像；思考，反省
on/upon reflection 经过考虑后(改变看法)
a reflection of  ……的反映
be lost in reflection陷入深思中
【例句】①You should set aside some time to reflect on your successes and failures. 你应该留出一些时间来思考你的成功和失败。
②Your choice of clothes is a reflection of your personality. 你对衣服的选择反映了你的个性。
③The trees on the shore line were reflected in the clear water. 岸上的树木被映在清澈的海水中。
【串记】The problem reflected in the job is worth reflecting. 工作中反映出的问题值得反思。
520. refuse /rɪ'fjuːz/ v. 拒/回绝，不愿
【拓展】
refuse to do sth. 拒绝做某事
refusal n. 拒绝；驳回
【例句】I politely refused their invitation. 我礼貌地回绝了他们的邀请。
【串记】He flatly refused to discuss the matter.His refusal angered his boss.他断然拒绝商讨这件事。他的拒绝激怒了他的上司。
【例句】①Please keep quiet while others are studying.在别人学习的时候,请保持安静。
②Leave me alone. I just want some peace and quiet.别理我,我只想安静一下。
【串记】He is a quiet boy. When the others are quarrelling, he remains quiet on this question.他是一个安静的男孩。当别人吵架时，他在这个问题上保持沉默。
【辨析】 quiet/calm/still/silent
这些形容词均含“平静的，无声无息”之意。 quiet普通用词，指没有喧闹、活动或骚乱的寂静状态。calm普通用词，既可指天气、海洋等的平静状态，又可指人的镇定沉着、不慌乱，不受外界影响和情绪支配。silent普通用词，指缄默不语或无声无息。still指平静而又安定的状态。


【趁热打铁】
一、语法填空。
1.How about       (quit) smoking, now that it does great harm to your health?
2.The university aims at      (rank) first in the world.
3.He, rather than you,      (be) responsible for the terrible accident happening on the high way.
4.My father, who injured badly in the accident, has made a full       (recover) from the operation.
5.There has been some         (reduce) in unemployment in the past two years.
6.His       (refuse) to discuss the matter is very annoying.
7.Affected by the economic depression, my income reduced        10% last year.
8.The person         (refer) to in the meeting is a famous professor.
9.I recommended         (record) carefully what the teacher said in the class.
10.Alexander tried to get his work          (recognise) in the medical circle.   
二、单句改错。
1. It is high time that he quits his bad habits to begin a new life.
2. The both sides need to reach a agreement on this as soon as possible!
3. We are ready to meeting the challenge, no matter what happens.
4. It is real important to review what we have learned in class.
5. The reason which I would rather quit the chance is reasonable.
6. It is strongly recommended that the machines can be checked every year.
7. What most people refer to simply "yoga" is actually Hatha Yoga.
8. I don’t know the reason why he gave for his being late.
9. The man referred to in the meeting refuse to react with the proposal.
10. The car is running on a rate of eighty kilometres an hour.
三、根据汉语提示完成句子，每空一词。
1.You salary is                  (在…范围内) $25,000 to $30,000.
2.                  照这速度下去), we shall soon be bankrupt.
3.He      always                  (乐于帮助）his friends who are in trouble.
4.Today such books are                          (人人都买得起).
5.I                  (宁愿拒绝) his invitation without hesitaiton.
四、根据括号的要求翻译句子。
1.我收到了一份贵重的礼物，但是我不能接受。（receive, accept）
                                                                                          
2.我建议他查阅下参相关考书。（recommend that …(should) do sth. ）
                                                                                          
3.他辞职的原因是想要出国深造。(the reason why… is that…)
                                                                                          
4.八月的平均气温在28到32之间变化。(range from A to B)
                                                                                          
5.许多年轻人还没有准备好抚养第二个孩子。(be ready to do)
   


                                                                                    
【答案】
一、语法填空。
1. quitting  2. ranking  3. was  4. recovery  5. reduction  6. refusal  7. to  8. referred  9. recording  10. recognized
二、单句改错。
1.quit→quit/quitted  2. a→an   3. meeting→meet  4. real→really  5. that→why/that  6. can→should  7. 在to后加 as  8.why→that/which或去掉why  9. with→to  10. on→at
三、根据汉语提示完成句子，每空一词。
1. in the range of  2. At this rate  3. is; ready to help  4. within  the  reach  of  everyone  5. would rather refuse     四、根据括号的要求翻译句子。
1.I received an expensive gift, but I cannot accept it.
2.I recommended that he should refer to the related reference.
3.The reason why he quit his job was that he wanted to study further abroad.
4.The average temperature in August ranges from 28 to 32.
5.Many young people are not ready to raise a second child.

高考英语核心词汇拓展  Day 27

521. regard /rɪ'gɑːd/ v. 把…看作；认为；n. 尊重；关注；(复)问候，致意
【拓展】
(1) regard ...as      把……看做
regard for 顾及…,考虑…
regard to 对…的重视
(2) in/with regard to (＝ as regards) 关于……，在这点上
in this regard  在这点上
Give my (best) regards to.... 请代问候…
(3) regardless adv.    不管，不加理会
regardless of      不管，不顾
【例句】①I regard reading as a form of recreation.我把看书当作一种消遣的形式。
②If you should see him, please give him my regards.如果你见到他，请代我向他致意。
③Our club is open to everyone regardless_of age, sex or educational background.我们的俱乐部对任何人开放，不管年龄、性别或教育背景。
【串记】With regard to the status of teachers, they are regarded as gardeners关于教师的地位，教师被认为是园丁。
522. regret/rɪ'gret/ n. & v. 后/懊悔；抱歉，遗憾
【拓展】
(1)regret doing/having done sth.后悔已做某事
regret to do sth.      遗憾地要做某事
regret that ...      很遗憾(委婉地表示不能做某事)
(2)with great/deep regret      非常遗憾地
to one's regret ＝ to the regret of sb. 令某人遗憾的是
regretful adj. 后悔的，遗憾的，惋惜的
【例句】①Tom regretted wasting/having wasted too much time watching TV and got down to his homework at once. 汤姆后悔浪费了太多的时间看电视，立刻开始做作业。
②We regret to inform you that your application has not been successful.我们很遗憾地通知您，您的申请未通过。
③Much to our regret/To our great regret, we'll be unable to attend your wedding.
非常遗憾，我们不能参加你们的婚礼。
【串记】To our regret, he bitterly regretted helping us.令我们遗憾的是，他非常懊悔帮助了我们。
523. regular/ˈreɡjələr/ a. 规则/律的，定期的
(反irregular)；经常的；正常的，普通的(反special)；持久的，稳定的
【拓展】
regular customer 常客，老顾客
regular school 普通学校
regularly ad．有规则地，有规律地；经常地
【例句】Do you take regular exercise? 你经常锻炼吗？
【串记】Attending a regular school, students lead a regular life. 上普通学校，学生过着有规律的生活。
524. relate /rɪ'leɪt/ vt. 叙述；使…有联系。vi. 涉及；认同；符合；与…有某种联系
【拓展】
(1) relate to 与…协调,与…相处得好,与…相适应
(常用于否定句 )
relate...to...把……和……联系起来
(2)related adj.有关的；相关的
(be) related to有关系的；有关联的
(3)relation n.关系；联系；亲属
in relation to关于；与……相比
relationship n. 关系/联
relative a. 相对的；有关系的；成比例的；n. 亲戚；相关物
relatively ad.相对/当地，比较地
【例句】①Deeply related to the matters，he has to answer all the related questions. 与事情有很深的关系，他必须回答所有相关的问题。
② She doesn't relate very well to her mother.她和她母亲关系不太融洽。
③I have nothing to say in relation to that matter. 关于那件事，我没什么可说的
【串记】He related the facts of the case which is related to the murder. 他叙述了与谋杀案有关的案件的事实。
525. relax /rɪ'læks/ v. (使)放松；使休息；使松弛
【拓展】
relaxation n. 放松; 缓和; 消遣
relaxed a. 放松的；自在的；不拘束的；宽松的
relaxing a. 令人轻/放松的
【例句】①Feeling safe and relaxed will help you to slip into daydreams. 感到安全和放松会帮助你进入白日梦。
②It’s quite relaxing on the beach, and after a while you will feel relaxed．在海边令人十分惬意，不一会儿，你就会感到很放松。
【串记】Even relaxing shows can’t make him feel relaxed. Proper relaxation is necessary. 即使是轻松的节目也不能让他感到放松。适当的放松是必要的。
526. relieve /rɪ'liːv/ vt. 解除，减轻；使放心
【拓展】
(1)relieve sb．from……使某人摆脱……
relieve sb. of ...   解除某人……方面的负担
(2) relief n.减轻；宽慰；救济物
to one's relief令人感到欣慰的是
It is a relief to do sth.      做某事是一种宽慰
with relief      宽慰地
in relief      如释重负；松了口气
What a relief!      可轻松了！
类推：believe v. 相信；认为→belief n.相信，信赖；信仰；grieve v. 使悲伤，使苦恼；痛苦→grief n. 背痛，忧伤
【例句】① When would you relieve me of the burden? 你什么时候给我减轻负担啊?
②Much to my relief, my son was eventually admitted to a key university. 使我非常欣慰的是，我儿子最终被一所重点大学录取。
③What a relief! The difficulty has been overcome by the combined efforts of the whole team.
多么令人欣慰啊！全队齐心协力克服了困难。
④When his daughter came home at last, he was in relief. 当他的女儿终于回家时，他松了一口气。
【串记】To_the_parents'_relief,_the children were sent to the hospital safely and took the medicine that  relieved_them_of_their_pain. We all sighed with
relief when we heard the good news. 使父母感到宽慰的是，孩子们已被安全地送到了医院，并且吃下了缓解他们疼痛的药。当我们大家得知这个好消息后，都宽慰地松了口气。
527. rely /rɪ'laɪ/ v. 信赖；依靠
【拓展】
(1) rely on/upon 信赖；依靠
rely on sb.doing/to do sth.指望某人做某事
rely on/upon it that...指望……；相信……
rely on/upon sb. /sth. for sth. 在某事上依赖/指望某人/物
(2)reliable adj.      可依靠的；可依赖的
reliability n. 可靠性/度，信度
【例句】①The days when the Chinese people had to rely on/upon imported oil are gone forever. 中国人民不得不依赖进口石油的日子一去不复返了。
②You may rely on it that they will support you. 你可以相信他们会支持你。
③Everybody likes to work with whoever is reliable and easy to get on with. 每个人都喜欢和可靠和容易相处的人一起工作。
易错点拨在rely on it that结构中，it作形式宾语，代替that引导的宾语从句。此类动词(短语)还有：love，like，appreciate，hate，depend on，see to等。
【串记】The fact relying on your memory sometimes is unreliable. 依赖你的记忆有时是不可靠的。
528. remain /rɪ'meɪn/ vi. 停/逗留(同stay)；余/剩/留下；link vi. 保持，仍是
【拓展】
remain + adj./n. 仍然是，依旧是
remain of 剩下…,留下…
remain to be seen 有待观察
remain under 仍处于…下
remains n. 残余, 遗迹；遗骸
remaining a. 剩下的，剩余的
【例句】Some students offered to remain behind to help clean up after the meeting．有几名学生表示愿意在散会以后留下来帮助打扫。
【串记】It remains to be seen whether the remaining historical remains can remain unchanged. 剩下的历史遗迹能否保持不变，还有待观察。
【辨析】remain, stay
这两个词都有“留下,逗留”之意,其区别是：stay通常指在某地呆一段时间而不离开,或暂时留〔住〕在某地,尤指以宾客身份逗留; 而remain则指别人已经走了,而某人仍在原地。
remark [rɪ'mɑːk] v．谈到，说起；注意到；评论n.意见；评论
【拓展】(1)remark on/upon谈论，评论，就……发表意见
remark that ...  谈起，说起……
(2)make a remark/remarks on/about ...就……发表评论，就……评头论足
(3)remarkable adj.  显著的，非凡的，值得注意的
be remarkable for以……著称/引人瞩目
【例句】①She could hear the other girls making rude remarks about her.她可以听见其他女孩在说她的坏话。
②It's bad manners to make a remark/remarks on/about the appearance of others.对别人的相貌品头论足是没有礼貌的。
③As we all know, the West Lake is remarkable for her beautiful scenery.众所周知，西湖以她美丽的自然景色而著称。
remember /rɪ'membə(r)/ v. 记得；想起；记住，铭记；回忆；提及
【拓展】
remember doing sth.记得做过某事
remember oneself反省
remember to do sth.记得要做某事
remember A to B代A向B问好
【例句】①Please remember to give me a phone call when you get there.请记住你到那儿时给我来个电话。
②She remembered buying the newspaper.她记得她买过报纸。
529. remind /rɪ'maɪnd/ vt. 提醒，使记/想起
【拓展】
remind sb. about/of 提醒；使想起
remind sb. to do sth.提醒某人做某事
remind (sb.) that/how/what ... 提醒(某人)……
reminder n. 暗示；提醒的人/物
【例句】①This story reminds me of my childhood.这个故事让我想起了我的童年。
②He reminded me to lock up the house when I go out.他提醒我外出时把屋子锁起来。
③That suddenly reminded her that she had promised to ring them up.这突然使她想起她说过要给他们打电话的。
④This reminds me what we did together during our holidays.这使我想起我们在假日里一起做的事。
【串记】The reminder reminds me what I should do next? 提醒提醒我下一步该做什么?
530. remove /rɪ'muːv/ vt. 移动，拿走；脱摘掉；消除，去掉；撤职
【拓展】
remove ... from ...把……从……移开
remove from ... to ...      从……搬到……
be removed from school      开除；被勒令退学
removal n. 免职；移动；排除；搬迁
【例句】①He removed the mud from his shoes.他去掉鞋上的泥。
②Three children were removed from the school for bad behavior yesterday.昨天三个孩子因不良行为而被学校开除了。
【串记】The tumour having been removed, he remained working for three days to remove the problem. Feeling tired, he removed his eyes from the task and removed his glasses and rubbed his eyes. 肿瘤切除后，他继续工作了三天解决这个问题。当他觉得累了，就把眼睛从工作中移开，摘掉眼镜，揉了揉眼睛。
531. replace /rɪ'pleɪs/ vt. 取代，更换(同take one’s place/take the place of)
【拓展】
replace ... with/by .用……替换…，以…接替……
take one's place ＝ take the place of     代替
in place of ＝ in one's place      代替；取代
replacement n.      更换；替换的人(物)
【例句】①Teachers will never be completely replaced by computers in the classroom. 课堂上电脑永远不会完全取代老师。
②No one can take the place of her father in her heart. 没有人可以取代父亲在她心目中的位置。
③Our monitor will attend the meeting in place of our head teacher.我们的班长将代替我们的班主任参加会议。
【串记】It is not a good idea to miss main meals and replace them with snacks.  They are irreplaceable. 不吃正餐，改吃点心，这不是什么好主意。他们是不可替代的。
532. report/rɪ'pɔːt/ n. & v. 报道/告；汇报；举报，告发
【拓展】
give a report 作报告
It is reported that据报导，据传闻
reported speech间接引语
report on sb/sth (to sb) 报道…,就…作报告
report out (汇报
report to 向…汇报〔报告〕
reporter n. 记者
【例句】The teacher will report out our English study to the headmaster.老师将向校长汇报我们学习英语的情况。
At the end of every term a schoolmaster reports on each of his pupils.每学期结束时,教员都要报告每位学生的情况。
【串记】The reporter gave a weather report that it will remain high temperature in the following five days. 记者报告说，未来五天天气仍将高温。
533. represent /reprɪ'zent/ vt. 代表；表示，象征
【拓展】
represent sb as 把…说成…
represent oneself as  自称是……
represent sth to 对…来说等于
represent sth to oneself 心中想象到某物representative n. 代表典型；a. 典型的，有代表性的
a representative for… 的代理人
be representative of 是…的代表，代表
【例句】She decided to represent herself during the trial. 她决定在审判中作自我辩护。
【串记】The look on the representative’s face represented he hated the gift and everything it represented. 代表脸上的表情表明他讨厌这份礼物和它所代表的一切。
534. request /rɪ'kwest/ n. & v. 请/要求
【拓展】
(1)make a request for请求，要求……
at sb.'s request ＝at the request of sb.应某人之要求
on/upon request      一经要求
(2)request sb.to do sth. 请求/要求某人做某事
request that ...(should) do sth. 请求……做某事
【例句】①The singer sang one more song at the request of enthusiastic fans.应热情歌迷的要求，这位歌手又唱了一首歌。
②They have made an urgent request for international aid. 他们提出了国际援助的紧急请求。
③We requested that the government should make/make an investigation of the matter immediately. 我们要求政府立即对此事进行调查。
【串记】It is reported that at the request of the public, the singer was requested to apologize in public. 据报道，应公众的要求，这位歌手被要求公开道歉。
535. require /rɪ'kwaɪə/ vt. 需求；要求
【拓展】
(1)require sb. to do sth.需要某人做某事
require that sb. (should) do sth.      要求某人做某事
require doing/to be done      需要被做
(2)requirement n.      要求，需要；必需品
meet/satisfy one's requirements  满足某人的要求
【例句】①She patiently explained all the rules to the students and required everyone to follow them.
她耐心地向学生解释了所有的规则并要求每个学生都遵守。
②It is required in the school regulations that students (should) not wear long hair or jewels.
按学校规定，学生不应该留长发或戴珠宝首饰。
③The matter related to people's health surely requires to be dealt/dealing with carefully.与人们健康相关的事情当然需要谨慎处理。
④Firstly, I feel that I am competent to you’re your requirements.首先，我感觉我有能力满足你们的要求。
【点津】require作“需要”讲，且句子主语为物时，后可跟动词­ing形式表示被动含义，有这类用法的词还有：need, want, deserve, be worth等。
(1)require表示“需要”，接含有被动意义的非谓语动词时，不定式用被动结构，而动名词用主动结构，即require to be done或require doing。
(2)require后的宾语从句，requirement后的表语从句、同位语从句通常要用虚拟语气，即从句谓语动词用(should) do形式。
【串记】Regulations require that students should attend at least 90% of the lectures and meet other requirements. 规定要求学生至少要达到90%的听课率且满足其他的要求。
536. research /rɪ'sɜːtʃ; 'riːsɜːtʃ/ n. & v. 研究，调查
【拓展】
do research on/into sth. 对某事物进行研究
research into就…研究
research on 研究; 探讨…
researcher n. 研究者/员
【例句】He is researching into the reading problems of young school children.他正在研究小学生的阅读问题。
【串记】The researcher were required to do further research on cancer. 研究人员被要求对癌症做进一步的研究。
rescue/'reskjuː/v．营救，拯救，救援n.救援，营救
【拓展】
(1)rescue sb./sth. from ...从……中拯救某人/某物
(2)come to one's rescue ＝ come to the rescue of sb.
救援/帮助某人
make a rescue 实施救援
①It's kind of you to have rescued me from an embarrassing situation. 你把我从尴尬的境地中解救出来真是太好啊。
②Though he was occupied, he came to my rescue when I was trapped in the hill hole.
虽然他很忙，但当我被困山洞时，他来救我了。
537. reserve /rɪ'zɜːv/ n. & v. 储备，保留/存；预定(同book)；(野生动/植物)保护区
【拓展】
(1)without reserve毫无保留地
in reserve  备用
natural reserve  自然保护区
(2)reserve sth. for sb.  为某人保留某物
reserve a room/table/seat  预订房间/桌子/座位
reserve the right to do sth.  保留做某事的权利
reservation n. 预定/约；保留
【例句】①We accept your statement without reserve.我们毫无保留地接受你的意见。
②I have reserved a room for you at the hotel.我已在旅馆为你预订了一个房间。
【串记】These seats are reserved for special guests who are eager to see the film about natural reserves.这些座位是留给渴望看关于自然保护区的电影的客人的。
resist [rɪ'zɪst] v．抵抗，抵制；使不受……的伤害；忍住
【拓展】(1)resist doing sth.反对做某事
can't resist (doing) sth. 无法抗拒(做)某事的诱惑
(2)resistant adj.      有抵抗力的，抵抗的
be resistant to      对……有抵抗力
(3)resistance n.      抗拒，反对，阻力
【例句】①Some government officials weren't resistant to the temptation of money, and were punished by law in the end.一些政府官员抵制不住金钱的诱惑，最后受到了法律的制裁。
②I know it is time for me to set out to do my homework, but I just can't resist playing computer games. 我知道是时候开始做作业了，但我就是忍不住玩电脑游戏。
③Among them are special windows that are resistant (resist) to dirt and water. 其中包括特殊的窗户，它们能够抵抗污垢和水。
【点津】resist表示“忍住”时，常与表示否定意义的can't/can hardly/be not able to 连用，resist 后接v.­ing形式作宾语，不接不定式。
538.respect /rɪ'spekt/ vt. 尊敬；尊重；遵守；关于；涉及 n. 尊敬；敬重；关系；方面 n. （复）respects: 敬意；问候
【拓展】
give(send)one's respects to sb·向……致意，问候
have respect for尊敬
have respect to和……有关系，考虑，关心
in respect of关于，在……方面
in respect that如果考虑到……，因为……
With respect to关于
as respects谈到，关于
respectable a．可敬的，受尊敬的
respectful a．恭敬的，尊敬的；有礼貌的，端庄的
be respectful to sb．尊敬某人
be respectful of tradition尊重传统
be respectful to seniors对长辈有礼貌【例句】①We have the greatest respect for Mo Yan in respect of his winning the Nobel Prize in Literature.就莫言获得了诺贝尔文学奖而言，我们非常钦佩他。
②This proposal differs from the last one in many important respects.在很多重要的方面，这个建议不同于上一个。
③The teacher这位老师令人尊敬，
【串记】With respect to the devotion he made, is respectable, so we are all respectful to him.就他的奉献而言，他值得尊重，因此我们所有的人都尊敬他。
539. respond /rɪ'spɒnd/ v. 回答/应(同respond)；作出反应(同react)
【拓展】
respond by 以…方式反应
respond to响应；对……起反应
response n回答，应答；响应，反应，感应
in response to响应……的号召
make no response不做回应
【例句】They responded my joke by laughing.他们对我的笑话报以大笑。
The teacher responded yes to the question that student put forward.老师对那个学生的问题作了肯定的回答。
【串记】How did they respond to the news? 他们对这则消息有什么反应？
540. responsible /rɪˈspɒnsəbl/ a. 负责的，可靠的；有责任的(反irresponsible)
【拓展】
(1)be responsible for对(某行为)负责；是……的原因
be responsible to sb 对某人负责
(2) responsibility n. 责任，职责; 义务
take the responsibility for(of doing)对……有责任；对……负责
It is sb. ’s responsibility to do sth. 做……是某人的职责。
a sense of responsibility责任感
【例句】①The pilot of the plane is responsible for the passengers’s afety．飞机驾驶员应对旅客的安全负责。
②He is free from any sense of responsibility.他丝毫没有责任感。
③It’s important to teach your teen how to behave responsibly. 教你的孩子如何负责任地行为是很重要的
易错点拨responsibility后接that从句时，从句通常要用虚拟语气，即谓语动词用(should) do。
【串记】The responsible researcher is responsible for the entire research. 负责任的研究者负责整个研究。

【趁热打铁】
一、语法填空。
1.Finally, the man planned to choose to join the company as a market       (research).
2.There are five women           (representative) attending the meeting.
3.You should regularly remind him         (relax) himself from time to time to keep energetic.
4.To our regret, there are only               (remain) ten minutes.
5.Most house plants require regular           (water) as well as sunlight.
6.You can’t rely on him          (keep) your secret, because he is not a trustworthy man.
7.Much to my         (relieve), the car was not badly damaged.
8.Give my          (respect) to your father. I miss him very much.
9.Being public figures, leaders are required             (appear) strong and capable.
10.Taking         (responsible) for something that went wrong is a mark of great maturity.
二、单句改错。
1. I have the greatest respect to the unknown reseacher’s amazing work.
2. There are many ways you can choose to relax you in our hometown.
3. The weeds in the garden require to removing regularly.
4.The expert and environmentalist regular recorded what happened to the rare bird.  
5.This discovery was regarded for a major breakthrough in the field of AI.
6.Knowing basic first-aid skills will help you respond quickly for emergencies.
7.We required that the discussion was put off till next Friday.
8.No one can take the capable manager place for he is irreplaceable.
9.Bill reminded me the day years ago when we had first met.
10.We were told to remain still in our seats with our seat belts fasten
三、根据汉语提示完成句子，每空一词。
1. The product was developed                       (作为回应) customer demand.
2. The two groups were similar                       (关于，就…方面) income and status.
3. The Great Wall                       (代表) China in the worl.
4.                       (令我遗憾的是), he refused my proposal.
5.                       (据报道) he was removed because of corruption
四、根据括号的要求翻译句子。
1. 赡养老人人人有责。（is responsible for）
                                                                                          
2.  这项研究是应主席要求进行的。(at the request of)
                                                                                          
3.  我想预订八点钟供三人用餐的桌位。(reserve... for)
                                                                                          
4. 他乐意讲述他的童年经历。（be ready to do, relate）
                                                                                          
5. 三个孩子表现不好被开除了。 (be removed from)
                                                                                          

【答案】
一、语法填空。
1. researcher  2. representatives   3. to relax   4. remaining  5. watering   6. to keep  7. relief   8. respects  9. to appear  10. responsibility
二、单句改错。
1. to→or  2. you→yourself/yourselves  3.去掉to  4. regular→regularly  5. for→as  6. for→to  7. was→be  8.manager→manager’s   9. 在him后加of  10. fasten→fastened
三、根据汉语提示完成句子，每空一词。
1. in response to   2. with respect to   3. is representative of  4. To my regret  5. It is reported that  
四、根据括号的要求翻译句子。
1.Every one is responsible for taking care of the old.
2.The study was done at the request of the Chairman.
3.I'd like to reserve a table for three at eight o'clock.
4.She was ready to relate her childhood experiences.
5.Three children were removed from the school for bad behaviour.

高考英语核心词汇拓展  Day 28

541. result /rɪ'zʌlt/ n. 结/成/后果(consuquence)；比赛结果；考试成绩；v. 发生，导致
【拓展】
at a result(of)作为(……的)结果，由于……
in the result结果．结局
with the result that……因而
result from起因于，由……产生
result in以……结束，导致，引起
【例句】①As a result of the pilots' strike, all flights have had to be canceled.由于飞行员罢工，所有航班都被迫取消了。
②The terrible accident resulted from a driver's drunk driving.那场可怕的事故是由一个司机醉酒驾车而引起的。
【串记】The accident which resulted from the driver’s carelessness resulted in heavy result. 由于司机的粗心大意，事故造成了严重的后果。
【辨析】result from起因于，由……产生，句中主语是“结果”，from后的宾语是“起因” result in
“以……结束，导致，引起”，句中主语是“起因”，in后的宾语是。结果”。
542. review /rɪ'vjuː/ n. & v. 复/温习(revise, go over)；复查；回顾，反思；评论
【拓展】
give a review of 回顾…
have a review of 对…进行复习,复习…
in /under review 在检查中
keep under review不断复查
review for 为…复习,为…写评论
【例句】When you review your lessons, mark the
places which you do not  understand. 当你们复习功课的时候，遇到不懂的地方把它们标出来。
【串记】The book review requires to be reviewed.
书评是需要复习的。
543. reward/rɪ'wɔːd/ n. & v. 报答/酬；奖赏
【拓展】
(1)as a reward for ...作为对……的回报
in reward for ...           为了酬谢或报答……
give/offer a reward to sb. for sth.＝give/offer sb. a reward for sth. 为某事而给某人报酬/回报
(2)reward sb. for (doing) sth.为(做)某事报答/奖赏某人
reward sb. with ...      用……报答/回报某人
(3)rewarding adj.      值得做的；有益的
【例句】①The students have been working hard on their lessons and their efforts will be rewarded with success in the end.学生们一直努力学习功课，他们的付出最终会获得成功的。
②I’d like to do something in reward for/as a reward for her kindness.我想做点什么来报答她的好意。
【串记】Parents often give their children rewards for passing exams. But whether this way is rewarding remains to be seen. 孩子通过考试，父母常会给他们奖励。但这种方式是否有益还有待观察。
【辨析】reward, award
reward    多指因对方的工作、服务、帮助而给予的报答或奖赏、奖金
award    指正式地或官方地颁发、授予、给予；往往鼓励杰出的表现或对所提出的要求而进行的一种奖励。常用搭配：award sb. sth.＝award sth. to sb.
544. right /raɪt/ a. 对，正确的(反wrong)；适/恰当的；ad. 正确地；恰恰，完全地；a. & n. 右，右边(的) (同left)；正常的，健全的；n. 权利
【拓展】
all right好，行，可以；良好的；令人满意的
right away立刻
right now现在，立即
put(set) right改正，纠正
right or wrong不管好坏，无论如何
【例句】I hope we're doing the right thing. 我希望我们这样做是妥当的。
【串记】The reviewer is the right person who has the right to make the problem right right now. 评论员就是那个有权现在就解决问题的人。
545. rise /raɪz/ (rose，risen) n. & vi. 上升/涨；起身，站起
【拓展】
give rise to 使发生（或存在）
on the rise 在增加；在上涨
rise from 由…复活,从…上升
rise to 应付…,上升到…
rise to one's feet 站起来
rise with 随着…增长
【例句】①We watched the rise of the plane.我们注视飞机升上去。
②The river is rising after the rain.河水在雨后涨了起来。
【串记】The divorce rate has risen steadily since the 1950s, and unemployment rate has also been on the rise, which have given rise to lots of social problems.  20 世纪50年代以来，离婚率持续上升, 失业率也在上升，这导致了许多社会问题。
【辨析】rise/raise (参见P)
546. risk/rɪsk/n. 风/危险；v. 冒着……的危险
【拓展】
(1)risk sth. /doing sth. 冒着……的危险
(2)at risk处于危险之中
at the risk of doing sth. 冒着……的风险
take /run a risk冒险
take/run the risk of doing sth. 冒着……的危险
(3)risky adj.危险的
【例句】He was praised because he risked losing his life to put out the big fire.
= He was praised because he took/ran the risk of losing his life to put out the big fire.
=He was praised because he put out the big fire at the risk of losing his life.
他受到了赞扬，因为他冒着生命危险扑灭了大火。
【串记】The youth ran the risk of losing his life to save the boy at risk. 这个年轻人冒着生命危险救了处于危险中的男孩。
547. rob /rɒb/ v. 抢劫，掠夺；（非正式）敲诈
【拓展】
rob sb. of sth. 抢劫某人某物
robber n. 强盗，盗贼；抢劫犯   
robbery n. 抢劫/掠；盗窃
【例句】The shock robbed her of her speech．她震惊得说不出话来。
【串记】After robbing failed, the gang robbed him of all his belongings. The police are looking into the robbery. 敲诈行不通后，那伙人抢了他所有的财物。警方正在调查这个抢劫案。
548. root/ruːt/ n. 根；根/起源；词根；v. (使)生/扎根
【拓展】
at (the) roots本质上
root and branch〔root-and-branch〕连根带叶; 彻底的
root out 〈口〉搜寻
root up 杜绝
be rooted in 根源在于；植根于，深植于，生根于
【例句】His selfishness was the root of trouble.他的自私是苦恼的根源。
【串记】The idea of finding roots was rooted in the old man's mind. 寻根的想法深植于老人的头脑中。
549. ruin /'ruːɪn/ vt. 糟蹋；(使)毁坏/灭；n. (复)废墟；遗迹
【拓展】
(1)be ruined by    被……破坏
(2)be/lie in ruins          成为废墟，被毁灭
fall into/come to ruin      被破坏了，被毁了
be reduced to ruins      沦为废墟
【例句】①She returned home and found all her furniture had been ruined by the flood.她回到家发现所有的家具都已被洪水毁坏了。
②Three days later, the fire was put out and some 500 blocks lay/were in ruins.
三天后火被扑灭了，大约500个街区夷为平地。
③In some places, roads built to help farmers fell into ruin/came to ruin.在一些地方，用来帮助农民的道路完全毁坏了。
【串记】An earthquake ruined our home, leaving the whole town in ruins. 地震毁坏了我们的家园，使整个小镇处在废墟中 。
550. rule /ruːl/ n. 规则/定；vt. & n. 统治，支配
【拓展】
as a rule通常，照例
by rule按规则
make a rule of doing规定要做
make(break，obey)rules制定(违反，遵守)规则
under the rule of在……统治下
rule out 排除；取消; 阻止
ruler n. 尺；统治者
【例句】It's against all rules and regulations. 这违背了所有的规章制度。
【串记】It is a general rule that the winner rules the world. 胜者统治世界是一条通用规则。
551.  run/rʌn/ vi. 奔跑；运转/行； vt. 管理，经营
【拓展】
(1)run after追赶；追逐；追求
run away from      逃离；逃避
run across      偶然遇见
run into      遇到；撞上
run out (of)      花光，用完；耗尽
run over      (开车)碾过，轧过
run through贯穿，普遍存在于；浏览
(2)in the long/short run      从长期/短期来看
runner n. 跑步者；走私者；推销员
running n. 跑步，赛跑；运转
【例句】①In the future, care for the environment will become very important as earth's natural resources run out.将来，由于地球上的自然资源濒临枯竭，关爱环境将变得非常重要。
②Many men run after success, and often neglect their wives and children. 许多男人追逐成功，而经常忽视了他们的妻子和孩子。
③We have already run out of our money and I don't know what to do next.我们的钱已经用完了，我不知道下一步该怎么办。
【串记】The man who runs a big company often runs to work. Sometimes he runs across a neighbor and colleague. He is planning to run for mayor. 经营大公司的那个人经常跑步上班。
552. rush /rʌʃ/ vi. & n. 冲，奔跑；仓促行事，匆忙；vt. 急送
【拓展】
rush hour(交通)高峰时间
rush at向……冲
rush to conclusions匆匆下结论
rush sb．to the hospital火速送某人进医院
a rush of work一阵匆忙的工作
a rush order紧急订货
【例句】The runner rushed outside and hailed a taxi. 跑步者冲了出去，招了一辆出租车。
【串记】He rushed me a rushed job, asking me to rush to buy a computer in the rush hour. 他匆忙地给了我一份紧急任务，让我在交通高峰期赶紧买一台电脑。
sad /sæd/ adj. 悲哀的；忧愁的；伤心的
【拓展】
be sad about(over)sth·为某事感到悲哀
be sad to do sth.因(做)……而悲伤
It is sad that……遗憾的是……
sad to say(常用于句首)可悲的是，不幸，倒霉
sadly ad．悲痛地，悲哀地，忧伤地，幽暗地
sadness n．悲哀，悲痛，忧伤，幽暗
【例句】Everyone was sad over his death.大家都因他去世面感到悲伤。
553. safe /seɪf/ a. 安全的 (反unsafe)；n. 保险柜
【拓展】
for safe keeping妥善保管
in (sb's) safe keeping由(某人)保管〔保护〕
on the safe side为慎重起见,以防万一
safe and sound 安然无恙(常与arrive, come, return等动词连用,说明主语的状态)
be safe against (fire，flood)防止可能发生的危险
be safe from 躲避，避开，逃脱危险
be safe with信得过，可靠的
be safe for对某人某物来说是安全的。
safeguard n. 保护/卫；保卫措施，预防措施
safely ad．安全地，平安地；稳妥地；可靠地
safety n. 安全  
【例句】It’s not safe to cross the street without looking．不左右看看就穿过马路是不安全的。
【串记】It is safe to put your belongings into the safe.把财产放在保险箱里很安全。
554. same /seɪm/ a. & ad. 同样的/地；n. 同样的人/事物
【拓展】
all the same仍然，照样的；完全一样
just the same完全一样，仍然，还是
much the same 几乎相同，大致一样
the same……as与……一样的，与……相同
the same……that正是，与……一样的
(the) same to you 你也一样
It's the same with ... ＝ So it is with ...……也这样【例句】①He is very fat and doesn't like sports; it is the same with me/so it is with me.他很胖，不喜欢运动，我也一样。
②They both said much the same thing. 他们两人的话大致一样。
555. satisfy /'sætɪsfaɪ/ vt. (使)满足/意
【拓展】
(1)satisfy/meet one’s needs/demands满足某人的需要/要求
satisfy sb．of(或that)使某人确信
(2)satisfied adj.(感到)满意的
be satisfied to do.../with...对(做)……感到满意
(3)satisfying adj.令人满意的
(4)satisfaction n.满意
in/with satisfaction满意地
to one’s satisfaction使某人满意的是
express one's satisfaction at(with)对……表示满意
In satisfaction of作为……赔偿
to the satisfaction of使……满足
【例句】The education must satisfy the needs of all children. 教育必须满足所有儿童的需要。
【串记】What satisfies us is that the satisfying gift made him satisfied. 使我们满意的是，令人满意的礼物使他满意。
556. save /seɪv/ vt. 救，挽/拯救；节省/约(反waste)；保留/存→
【拓展】
save sb．from从……中救出某，人使…免于/遭
save for为…积蓄〔储存〕…
save up  储存起来
saving n. 节约/省→savings储蓄金，存款
【例句】She saved her strength for the last minutes of the race．她留着劲准备在赛跑的最后几分钟冲刺。
【串记】I'm saving for a new bike. My savings have reached half the price. 我正攒钱想买辆新自行车。我的积蓄已经达到价格的一半了。
557. scare /skeə/ v. & n. (使)受惊，(使)惊恐(同frighten,terrify)
【拓展】
scare away〔off〕吓跑
scare sb into v-ing吓得去做某事
scare out用恐吓的方法逼出〔赶出〕
scare out of mind 吓得魂不附体
scare up 张罗,凑合
scared a. 害怕的
be scared of 害怕
be scared to do sth. 害怕做某事
scaring a. 令人害怕的, 吓人的(同scary)
【例句】①Susan got a scare when all the lights in the house went out at once．房子里所有的灯一下子熄灭时，苏珊吓了一跳。
②You scared me out of my mind, coming up behind me suddenly like that.你这冷不防从背后过来,真把我吓死了。
【串记】I am scared to stay at a scaring place by myself. 我害怕独自呆在一个可怕的地方。
558. scene /siːn/ n.（戏剧、电影等的）一场，场景，布景；事发地点，现场；风景，景色；情景，场面
【拓展】
on the scene 在现场
the scene of the accident/crime 在事故/犯罪现场scenery [U](总称)风景；景色
形近词：scent n.香/气味
【例句】The film contains some violent scenes. 这部影片有几处暴力场面。
【串记】The scene of the fire was scary. Luckily, firefighters were on the scene immediately. 火灾现场很吓人，幸运的是消防队立刻赶到现场。
559. science /'saɪəns/ n. 科学；技术；学科；理科
【拓展】
natural/social science 自然/社会科学
science fiction 科幻小说
science and technology 科学技术
scientific a. 科学的 →scientifically ad. 科学地，科学上
scientist n. 科学家
【例句】What did you do in science class today? 今天你们自然科学课做什么？的发展
【串记】The key to development of society lies in the development science and technology. 社会发展的关键在于科技。

【趁热打铁】
一、语法填空。
1. Isaac Newton, the founder of modern science is a great        (science).
2. She's never         (satisfy) with what she's got, causing her to live an unhappy life.
3. The reason why she is tired is that she came          (run) to meet us.
4. Teaching can be a very          (reward) career in the near future.
5. I have the right          (remind) you of your responsibility to take care of the old.
6. First Emperor of Qin, one of the emperor of ancient China, was a great         (rule).
7. I'm worried about the       (safe) of the treatment.
8. Mary couldn’t take the risk of          (leave) her baby alone ever for a short time.
9. In the future, care for the environment will become very important with natural resources       (run) out.
10. With Mother’s words deeply         (root) in my soul, I never doubt we would succeed.
二、单句改错。
1. As a result the pilots’ strike, all flights have had to be cancelled.
2. Why not search reviews before you buy the new model of cell phone?
3. The famous model was wearing the same dress that I had on.
4. The best part of the trip was that we could enjoy the fantastic natural sceneries.
5. Stricken by the earthquake, the railway stations were in ruin.
6. He was rightly responsible for the accident which caused a bad effect.
7. The water level has risen so high in several places that many homes are at the risk of flooding.
8. Hearing the satisfying news, the man had a satisfying expression on his face.
9. The young man who was well dressed robbed her with her bag.
10. It is safe to sleep with the window and door open at night in that neighborhood full of criminal.
三、根据汉语提示完成句子，每空一词。
1.  She                       (害怕)go out alone. 她不敢一个人外出。
2. The patient removed one of his kidneys                       (冒着…的危险) losing his life.
3.                                  (别急), you have enough time to review what you have learned.
4. When I first learned to write in English, I                       (遇到）many difficulties.
5.                                 (在...统治下) a cruel king, people led a miserable life.
四、根据括号的要求翻译句子。
1.那对年轻夫妇不急着要孩子。 (rush into doing sth)
                                                                                          
2.她救下一个眼看要落入水中的小女孩。(save sb from doing sth)
                                                                                          
3.随着经济的发展，五年来房价一直在上涨。（on the rise)
                                                                                          
4.警察很快到达现场让大众很满意。( on the scene)
                                                                                          
5.亲戚向即将参加高考的他隐瞒他父母的死亡。(keep sth. secret from sb.)
                                                                                          









【答案】
一、语法填空。
1. scientist  2. satisfied  3. running  4. rewarding  5. to remind  6. ruler  7. safety  8. leaving  9. running  10. rooted
二、单句改错。
1. result后加of  2. search后加for  3. that→as  4. sceneries→scenery  5. ruin→ruins  6. rightly→right  7. 去掉at 后面的the   8. satisfying→satisfied  9. with→of  10. 在后面加not或safe→unsafe
三、根据汉语提示完成句子，每空一词。
1. is scared to  2. at the risk of  3. There is no rush  4. run into  5. Under the rule of
四、根据括号的要求翻译句子。
1.The young couple don't want to rush into having a baby.
2.She saved a little girl from falling into the water.
3.With the development of economy, house prices have been on the rise in the past five years.
4.The police were on the scene in time, which satisfied the mass.
5.His relative kept his parents’ death from him who would take the college entrance exam.

高考英语核心词汇拓展  Day 29

560. search/sɜːtʃ/ n. & v. 搜寻/查(藏身处等)；搜/检索
【拓展】
search for搜寻，寻找
search A for B搜查A为了要找B
search out搜出，找到
search after追求
in search of 寻找，搜寻
形近词：research n. & v. 研究
researcher n. 研究者/员
【例句】He searched through all the drawers for the key．他翻遍所有的抽屉找钥匙。
【串记】In order to search for the missing girl,the police are searching the forest. 为了寻找失踪的女孩，警察正在森林里搜索。
561.secret/'siːkrɪt/ n. 秘/奥密，诀窍；秘/神密的
【拓展】
in secret秘密地；私下地(反in public)
in the secret知道内情
let in on a secret让某人知道秘密
keep sth. secret from sb. 把某事对某人保密
secretly ad．秘密地
secretive a．保密的，守口如瓶的
secretary n. 秘书；书记；部长；大臣
【例句】What is the secret of his success? 他成功的秘诀是什么？
【串记】The secretary told me the secret in secret. 秘书秘密地把秘密告诉了我。
562.seek/siːk/（sought, sought）v. 寻找/求(look/hunt for)；试/企图(同attempt)；探寻
【拓展】
seek to do sth.(正式)试图做某事
seek one's fortune      寻找致富(或成功)的机会
seek after/for      追求，寻求
seek out          挑选出；找出
【例句】①We seek to find a way to make us get along well with the people around us.我们试图找一种方法使我们和周围的人相处融洽。
②Many young people leave their hometown to seek their fortune in big cities.很多年轻人离开家乡到大城市寻找成功的机会。
【串记】In order to seek out a way to seek their fortune, many people seek for gold in the west. 为了寻求致富之道，许多人到西方去淘金。
563.seem /siːm/ v. 似乎，好像
【拓展】
It seems that似乎，好像
It seems to me that在我看来，我以为
seem (to be/like) +n. /adj.好像是，看起来像
seem to do sth. 似乎要做某事
it seems as if/though从句 看来好像
【例句】①The children seemed to be eating something in the room.孩子们好像正在房间里吃东西。
②The engine just won't start. Something seems to have gone (go) wrong with it.引擎发动不了。看起来好像出了什么毛病。
③It seems to me that Mr. Brown will not come again.在我看来布朗先生不会再来了。
④It seems as if/though everybody else knew about it except me.看上去好像除了我之外每个人都知道此事。
564.seize /siːz/ vt. 抓住(同grab)，逮捕；夺取，占领；把握(时机等)
【拓展】
seize sb.by the+部位  抓住某人的……部位
seize from 从…夺走
be seized of(依法)占有着，知道(消息等)
be seized with an illness害病
seize on(upon)利用，采用(建议)，抓住(机会)，了解(意思)
【例句】He seized the pickpocket by the collar．他抓住那个扒手的衣领。
【串记】The army seized the opportunity and seized the airport in a surprise attack. 军队抓住机会，突袭并占领了机场。
565.select/sɪ'lekt/ vt. 精/挑选，选择拔
【拓展】
select as 选为
select for 为…而挑选
select from 从…中挑选
select out of 选拔
selective a. 选择性的
selection n. 选择，挑选；选集；精选品
形近词: elect选举→election n.
【例句】He selected a shirt to match his suit．他挑了一件衬衣来配他那套衣服。
【串记】There are a wide selection of gifts, you can select what is your favorite. 有很多礼物可供选择，你可以选择你最喜欢的。
566. send /send/ (sent，sent) v. 送，寄；派遣
【拓展】
send away 发送；派遣；解雇；驱逐
send for sb (sth) 派人去请某人(找某物)
send in呈报，提交，送来
send off邮寄，发送；派遣；给……送行
send out发送；派遣；放出
send up 射出；使上升；长出
【例句】Have you sent a postcard to your mother yet? 你给你母亲寄明信片了没有？
【串记】The scientists sent up a satellite by mistake. As a consequence, they were sent away. 科学家们误发了一颗卫星。结果，他们被送走了。
567. sense /sens/ n. 感官；感觉，意识；理解/判断力；理/心智见识，通情达理；意/意义；感觉/觉察到
【拓展】
come to one's senses 恢复理性，醒悟过来，(昏迷后)苏醒过来
in a sense某一方面；从某种意义上(讲)
make sense讲得通，有意义
make sense of了解……的意思，弄懂……的意思
a sense of  …的感觉
There is no sense in (doing) sth.[口语]做某事是没有道理/无意义的
senseless adj. 无知觉的；无意识的
sensible adj. 明智的; 通情达理的; 合乎情理的
be sensible of知道
be sensible to light能感光
sensitive adj. 敏感的；神经过敏的；易受伤害的
be sensitive to 对…敏感
【例句】①This sentence just doesn't make sense, no matter how you read it. 无论你怎样读这个句子，它就是讲不通。
②In a sense,I can't agree with what you said. 从某种意义上说，我不同意你的话。
③We read it through, but couldn't make sense of it. 我们看了一遍，但不明白它说些什么。
④There is no sense in talking to him any more. You are wasting your breath. 没必要再给他说了，你是白费口舌。
【串记】In a sense, as a sensible woman, she in no sense loses her sense of judgement, and she always manages to make sense of everything. As a result, there is no sense in worrying about her. 从某种意义上说，作为一个有理智的女人，她决不会丧失判断力，她总是设法把一切都讲得合情合理。因此，为她担心是没有意义的。
568.separate /(for v.) ˈsepəreɪt; (for adj.) ˈseprət/ v. 使分开
/分离；区分；分居/手；a. 单独的，分开/离的
【拓展】
(1)separate A from B把A和B分开
divide...into...把……分成……
(2)separation n.分开；分离；分居
separately ad. 分别地；分离地；个别地
【例句】①I separated the good apples from the bad ones and she divided the best into halves.我把好苹果和坏苹果分开，然后她把最好的分成了两半。
②It is impossible to separate belief from emotion. 信仰和感情是分不开的。
【串记】He separated from his wife after 20 years of marriage and lived in two separate buildings. 他和妻子在结婚20年后分居了并住在两栋独立的楼房内。
【辨析】separate/divide
这些动词都有“分开”之意。 divide指把一个整体按要求分成几个部分，暗示分配之意；也可指分开两个对立的事物。 separate指把两个人或物分开，着重从原属一个整体中移居一部分或把两者隔开。
569.serious /'sɪərɪəs/ a. 严肃的；认真的；严重的；重大的
【拓展】
be serious about 对…认真，认真对待
seriously ad. 认真地; 严重地，严肃地
take it seriously 认真对待
【例句】Do not treat this serious matter as a joke.不要把这件严肃的事情当作笑料。
【串记】The result could be serious. As a result, you must take it seriously. 后果可能很严重, 你必须认真对待。
570.serve /sɜːv/ vt. 招待，为……服务；服役；提供，满足；适合，对……起作用
【拓展】
(1)serve the people heart and soul全心全意为人民服务
serve as      充当；担任
serve sb.(with) sth.＝serve sth.to sb. 拿/用某物招待/款待某人
(2)service n.      服务
at your service  愿为您效劳；听候您的吩咐
in service在职，运转中
be in the service服现役
be of service to对……有用
give good service服务周到
servant n. 仆/佣人
server n. 侍者；服务器
【例句】① The students served some apples to the invited experts.
＝The students served the invited experts with some apples.学生们用一些苹果来招待邀请来的专家。
②If you need my help, let me know. I'm always at your service.如果你需要帮忙，请告诉我，我随时愿为你效劳。
【串记】In her family, the poor woman serves as a servant, and serves every family heart and soul,but she still can’t serve the need of everyone. 在家中，这个可怜的女人就像一个仆人，全心全意地为每个家人服务，但仍然不能满足每个人的需要。
571.set /set/ vt. 摆放，安置；布置，安排；设置，调整；确/制定；树立，开创；以……为背景；(日、月等)落；n. (一)套/部；装/设备
【拓展】
set aside存储；留出，省出
set back    阻碍；耽搁；延缓
set down      放下，写下，登记
be set in 以…为背景
set off      出发，动身；引发，使爆炸，燃放
set about doing sth.(＝set out to do sth.)    着手做某事
set up建立，设立，准备，安排
setting n. 环境；安装；布置
【例句】①Nothing in the world is difficult for one who sets his mind to it.世上无难事，只怕有心人。
②You had better set down your idea before you forget it.趁着你还没忘，你最好把你的想法写下来。
③He set about reading a novel right after taking a walk.
＝He set out to read a novel right after taking a walk.散步后，他开始看小说。
【串记】 Once you set a goal, you must set it down and set about working at it. 一旦你设定了一个目标，你就必须把它写下来并开始为之努力。
Last year, Tom set about writing/set out to write a novel, in which a man decided to set aside some money for his son, and he set off for London to earn money.
568.settle /'set(ə)l/ vi. 解决；决/确定；安家，定居；坐下；(使)坐下；(使)平/安静
【拓展】
settle down(使)平静；(使)稳定；定居
settle down to sth. 开始专心做……(to是介词)
settle in/into ...  (使)适应(新环境/生活/工作等)；安定下来；迁入(新居)
settle on/upon  决定；同意
settlement n. 解决，处理;结算; 殖民
settler n. 移居者；殖民者
【例句】①Since you have settled down in a new country, you have to make an adjustment to the new environment.既然你已在一个新的国家定居，你必须调整以适应新的环境。
②Something is bothering him, so he can't settle
down to his study.有一些事情一直困扰着他，所以他难以安心学习。
【串记】To settle the matter where to settle down, the family should settle to discuss. 要解决住的问题，全家应该坐下来讨论。
【辨析】settle, solve
settle    “解决，处理”，其对象通常是某种争端，后常接affair, matter, business, argument, disagreement, dispute, issue, quarrel等
solve    “解答，解决”，侧重的是给出一个答案，后常接problem, difficulty, riddle, puzzle, mystery等
569.shake /ʃeɪk/ (shook，shaken) n. & v.（使）动摇；摇/抖动
【拓展】
shake down抖落；适应新环境(情况)
shake off摆脱；摇落
shaken one’s faith in 动摇某人对…的信心/念
shake one’s haead 摇头(表示否定)
shake with 由于…而发抖
【例句】The whole house shakes when a train goes past. 火车驶过时，整座房子都颤动起来。
【串记】The incident had shaken her faith in him. 这件事动摇了她对他的信心。
570.shame /ʃeɪm/n. 羞耻/愧(心)；遗憾的事vt. 使丢脸；使羞愧；使蒙羞
【拓展】
shame sb．for sth．使某人为某事而羞愧
shame into使某人感到惭愧而做某事
shame out of 使某人感到惭愧而不做某事
to one’s shame 令某人惭愧的是
What a shame! 多可惜！真遗憾! 真丢脸！
ashamed a. 羞愧的，羞耻的；惭愧的，
shameful a. 可耻的，丢脸的
shameless a. 无耻的；不要脸的
【例句】What a shame they couldn't come！ 他们不能来了，真是遗憾。
【串记】To our shame, he did a shameful thing, but he didn’t feel shamed, which made others think he was shameless. 让我们感到羞耻的是，他做了一件可耻的事，但他并不感到羞耻，这使得其他人认为他是无耻的。
569.shape /ʃeɪp/ n. 形状，外形；v. 使成型，塑造，影响
【拓展】
(1)shape ... into ...把……加工/塑造成……
(2)be in good/bad shape 情况良好/不佳；健康良好/不佳
out of shape 变/走样；不成样子；身体不舒服，生病
in the shape of  某种形状的，呈……的形状
take shape形成；成形
get into shape强身健体
【例句】①Tim is in good shape physically even though he doesn’t get much exercise.尽管蒂姆没有得到多少锻炼，但他身体状况良好。
②We went into a room in the shape of a star.我们走进一个星星形状的房间。
③I’ve been jogging a lot to get myself into shape.我长期慢跑锻炼身体。
④I have been out of shape ever since I left the army.自从我离开军队后，我的身体一直很差。
576. share/ʃeə/ vt. 分享，合/共用；共有；分配/担/摊；n. 一份，份额，股份
【拓展】
share in 分担，共同拥有〔使用〕…
share sth. with sb. 和某人分享某物
share happiness and sorrow 同甘共苦
hold shares 持有股份
【例句】Eli shared his chocolate with the other kids. 伊莱把他的巧克力和其他孩子一起分着吃了。
【串记】He has many shares, but he is unwilling to share with his shameless sister. 他有许多股份，但他不愿意和他无耻的妹妹分享。
577. sharp /ʃɑːp/a. 锋利的，尖的；敏锐的，机灵的；尖刻，严厉；急剧的，明显的；剧/猛烈的
【拓展】
be sharp at 擅长…,善于…
be sharp with 对…严厉的
sharpen v.削尖；磨快；使敏捷；变锋利
sharpener 卷笔刀;磨具
sharply ad. 急剧地; 锐利地
【例句】She was very sharp with me when I forgot my book. 我忘记带书了，她把我训斥了一顿。
【串记】The girl of sharp intelligence with a sharp eyes sensed the sharp increase of house price. 这个聪明伶俐、目光敏锐的女孩觉察到房价的急剧增加。
578. shelter /ˈʃeltə(r)/ n. 掩蔽(物)；隐蔽处，避难所；住处；n. & v. 庇/保护；避难
【拓展】
under the shelter of 在…的庇护下
find(take)shelter from避难
shelter against〔from〕 掩护〔保护,庇护…〕使不受…
shelter behind 躲在…后面
shelter oneself in 躲在…里面
【例句】The fox was running for the shelter of the trees. 狐狸朝树丛跑，想要躲藏起来。
【串记】A shelter can shelter the homeless from the wind and rain. 庇护所可以为无家可归的人遮风挡雨。
579. shock /ʃɒk/ n. & v. 剧烈震动，冲击；电击；震惊；令人震惊的事
【拓展】
culture shock文化冲击
with a great shock 大为震惊
shocked a. 震惊的；震撼的
be shocked at(by)听到……消息使人感到震惊
shocking a. 令人震惊的
【例句】It gave me a shock to be told I was seriously ill. 听说我的病很严重，我吃了一惊。
【串记】We were all shocked at the shocking news that he had resigned.听到他辞职的消息，我们都很震惊。
580. shoot /ʃuːt/ vt. (shot，shot) 射击/中；发射；射门；拍摄；n. 嫩芽，新笋
【拓展】
shoot at 瞄准，向…射击
shoot with 用…射击
shoot down 击落
shoot forth 长出
shoot off 发射,打掉,击断
shoot out 射击,打出,击灭,(突然)伸出,长出
shoot up 升起,喷出,(植物)发芽,长高,猛增,(物价)暴涨
shooting n. 射击(术)；射击运动
【例句】①The hunter aimed at the animal but did not shoot.猎人向那个动物瞄准但未开枪。
②There's a new shoot coming up, the plant isn't dead.正在长新芽,这株植物没有枯死。
【串记】The scene where he shot a bird was shot. 他射鸟的那一幕被拍下来了。
【辨析】shoot, shoot at
shoot和shoot at所表达的含义不同:shoot表示射中、射伤或射死; 而shoot at表示瞄准向某人或某物射击,但不一定射中。

【趁热打铁】
一、语法填空。
1.They decided to leave the town        (secret) to seize the city on a dark night.
2.        (settle) back in her seat, she stared at two birds settle on the fence.
3.They set about          (review）the lessons for the coming exam.
4.Culture has become a force of natural            (select).
5.The interviewer sought to speak to each of the candidate             (separate).
6.Drivers are advised        (seek) alternative routes.
7.They seemed        (know) what they're doing at that moment.
8.The wonderful photo          (shoot) at the festival celebration last fall. was shot
9. The settler settled down in a house         (shape) like a ship.
10. On the way to work, the secretary had a parcel          (send).
二、单句改错。
1. We young students should learn science and technology to serve for the people.
2. The report from China Daily was sharp critical of the police.
3. The news of the secretary general’s death is shocked to the political world.
4. You must be serious for every exam to get responsible and sensitive.
5. The hunter shot the bird but missed it narrowly. It flew away in fright.
6. We are shameful of the embarrassing behavior. We are terribly sorry.
7. It makes sense of that the children of the poor take charge early.
8. The sick person is at risk. We must send off a doctor immediately.
9. Kids need a knife to sharp pencils. But they should be careful.
10. My aunt has served for a secretary in this old firm for over twenty years.
三、根据汉语提示完成句子，每空一词。
1.                        (惭愧的是), we offered no alternative to them.
2. Britain cannot easily                (摆脱）the trouble in its export markets.
3. Friends should                                 (同甘共苦).
4. The popular and well-known novel                       (以...为背景) London in the 1960s.
5. The servant’s recommendation                (有道理).
四、根据括号的要求翻译句子。
1. 琼州海峡把海南岛和大陆分开了。( separate …from)
                                                                                                      
2. 他们急需食物和住处。(in need of)
                                                                                             
3. 我们应该抓住每次机会鼓励别人。(seize every opportunity to do sth.)
                                                                                             
4. 遇到困难，哭或抱怨是没有意义的。（there is no sense in doing sth.）
                                                                                             
5. 秘书似乎明白了老板的指示。(It seems that, make sense of)
                                                                                             
【答案】
一、语法填空。
1. secretly  2. Settling  3. reviewing  4. selection  5. separately  6. to seek  7. to know  8. was shot  9. shaped  10. sent
二、单句改错。
1.去掉for  2. sharp→sharply  3. shocked→shocking  4. for→about  5. 在shot后面加at  6. shameful →ashamed  7. 去掉of  8. off→for  9. sharp→sharpen  10. (served后面的)for→as
三、根据汉语提示完成句子，每空一词。
1. To our shame  2. shake off   3. share happiness and sorrow   4. is set in  5. makes/made sense  
四、根据括号的要求翻译句子。
1. Qiongzhou Strait separates Hainan Island from the mainland.
2. They are in need of food and shelter.
3. We should seize every opportunity to encourage others.
4. Facing difficulty, there is no sense in crying or complaining.
5. It seems that the secretary makes sense of the boss’s instruction.

高考英语核心词汇拓展  Day 30

581.short /ʃɔːt/ a. 短的；矮的；简短的；不足的，短缺的
【拓展】
be short for……的缩写
be short of缺乏，不足
cut short中断；简化
for short简略，简称，缩写
in short简而言之，总之
run short用完，耗尽
(take)a short cut走捷径
shortly ad．不久
shortage n．不足
cover the shortage of弥补……不足
shortcoming n．缺点，短处
shortcut n.捷径
shorten v．弄短，缩短，减少；使松脆
【例句】①I couldn't buy the book because I wasshort of money．因为钱不够，我没法买那本书。
②There aren't really any shortcuts to learning English．学习英语其实没有什么捷径。
【串记】In short, when we are short of goods, there will be in short supply. 总之，货物短缺时，就会出现 供不应求。
582.show /ʃəʊ/ n. 展示，展览（会）；演出，节目；  v. (showed, shown/showed) 给……看，出示；显示，体现，说明
【拓展】
show off 炫耀；卖弄
show up到场，出现，露面
show sb. around      领某人(到处)参观
show sb. in/out      领某人进来/出去
show sb. how to do sth. 教某人怎样做某事
on show      在展出
【例句】①It's bad manners to show off your wealth before others. 在别人面前炫耀你的财富是不好的。
②Show the visitor in as soon as he arrives. Don't make him wait around in the corridor. 来访者一到达就到。别让他在走廊里等。
③We waited until five o'clock, but he did not show up. 我们等到五点钟，但他没有出现。
【串记】My son showed me around/round his schoolyard last week. He showed me into their science lab to show off the advanced instruments on showand when all was finished he showed me to the school gate. 我儿子上周带我逛了逛校园。他带我到他们的科学实验室，展示先进的仪器，当一切都结束了，他带我到学校门口。
583.sick /sɪk/ a. 有病的，患病的；恶心的，想呕吐的；厌倦/恶的
【拓展】
ask for sick leave请病假
be sick of厌倦
get/become/fall sick 生病
sickness n. 疾病；呕吐
homesick a. 思乡的，想家的  
airsick a. 晕机的
seasick a. 晕船的
【例句】①I visited my sick uncle in the hospital yesterday．我昨天探望生病住院的叔叔。
②I'm sick of watching football games on television．我真看够了电视上的足球赛。
【串记】The has been sick for a long time, and from time to time, she feels sick. The reason is that she is sick of food. 她已经病了很长一段时间了，而且时不时地感到不舒服。原因是她对食物感到厌烦。
583.sight /saɪt/ n. 视力/觉/野；看/瞥见；景象，情景，风景；景点
【拓展】
at first sight乍一看
catch sight of看见；瞥见
lose sight of看不见；忽略；忘记
come into sight进入视野；映入眼帘
lose one’s sight失明
at the sight of一看到
out of sight看不见，在视野以外
in/within sight在视野内
sightseeing n. 观光；游览
go sightseeing去观光
【例句】①At first sight，it seems a silly question. 乍一看，这似乎是一个愚蠢的问题。
②She caught sight of a car in the distance. 她看见远处有辆车。
③I have been known to faint at the sight of blood. 大家都知道，我看到血就会昏倒。
④After a while Uncle Paul and his farm house were out of sight. 过了一会儿，保罗叔叔和他的农舍看不见了。
易错点拨lose sight of意为“(因视线模糊或距离远等)看不见”；lose one’s sight意为“失明”，两者意义不同。
【串记】When the sights came into sight, the tourists burst into cheers except those losing sight of them. 当景色进入视线时，除了那些看不见的人外，游客们都欢呼起来。
585. sign /saɪn/n. 符号，标记，指示牌；示意，手势；迹象，征兆；v. 签名/字/署
【拓展】
(1)sign to sb. to do sth.    打手势让某人做某事
sign in/out      签到/退
sign up      签约雇佣(某人)；报名参加
(2)a sign of      ……的迹象/征兆/标志
signal n. 信号
signature n. 署/签名；信号
【例句】①For safety reasons, please sign in when you arrive at the building, and sign_out when you leave.为了安全原因，你到达大厦时请签到，离开时请签退。
②Therefore, students should be advised to sign up as soon as possible.因此，应建议学生尽快报名参加。
【串记】The parents whose children signed up for the summer camp must sign a contract with the company. 孩子报名参加夏令营的父母必须与公司签订合同。
586. similar /ˈsɪmələ(r)/  a. 类/相似的(反different)
【拓展】
be similar to 与......相似
be similar in 在某方面相似
similarity n. 类似；相似点
similarly ad. 类似地，差不多地；同样地，也
【例句】①Although this computer is similar in size and design to that one, they differ in quality．尽管这台计算机与那台在大小和设计方面相似，但它们的质量不同。
②Plants need water and sunlight to grow well．
Similarly, a healthy body requires a balanced diet．
植物生长需要水和阳光。同样，健康的身体需要均衡的饮食。
【串记】Similarly,we can see this report is similar to that one. The similarity between them suggests that one person wrote both. 同样，我们可以看到这份报告与该报告相似。它们之间的相似性表明，一个人写了两个。
587.simple /ˈsɪmpl/ a. 简单/易的；朴素的；纯粹的
【拓展】
simplify vt. 简化；使单纯；使简易
simplication n. 简单化；单纯化
simply ad. 简单地；仅仅；简直；朴素地
【例句】He was simple and direct in the way he spoke．他说话的方式坦率直爽。
【串记】The accommodation is simple but spacious. I simply do not know where to sit. 住处简朴但宽敞。我简直不知道坐在哪儿。
588.skill/skɪl/ n. 技能；技巧/艺
【拓展】
have skill at/in…在……方面有技巧
skilled a. 熟练的；有技能的
be skilled at(in)……有……技能，擅长
skillful/skilful a. 熟练的；巧妙的(反unskilfull)
be skillful in(at)在……熟练
be skillful with熟练使用
【例句】The crisis put his courage and skill to the test.这次危难是对他的勇气和技能的考验。
【串记】The woman with professional skills is highly skilled at dealing with difficult customers. 拥有熟练专业技能的女性在处理棘手的客户方面非常熟练。
social /ˈsəʊʃl/ a. 社会/交的；群居的
【拓展】
social problem(system，security)社会问题(制度，保障)
social life社交生活
socially ad. 在社会上；在社交方面；善于交际地
socialism n. 社会主义
socialist n. 社会主义者；a. 社会主义(者)的
society n. 社会/团；交往
【例句】Socialists are those who believe in socialism. 社会主义者是那些相信社会主义的人。
【串记】Team sports help to develop a child's social skills, and social skills are very important in society.团队体育运动有助于培养孩子的交际能力, 社交技能在社会中非常重要。
590. some /səm/ a．一些，若干，有些；某一(与单数名词连用)pron．一些，若干；(作复数用)有些人(或东西)ad．(用于数字及few之前)大约，稍微
【拓展】
somebody/someone pron.某人；某人   
someday/some day 某一天
somehow ad.不知怎么地  
sometime ad. 某时
sometimes ad. 有时(候)
some time 一些时间，一段时间
something pron. 某事
have something to do with 与…有关系
somewhat ad. 有点，有几分
somewhere ad. 某地
【例句】 Sometimes the beggar got some money somehow.
【串记】Sometime someone will be waiting for you somewhere in your life.
【辨析】some/any
some“一些，某”常用于肯定句中，也可用于表示请求、邀请、征求意见的疑问句中。
any“任何一些，任何一个”，主要用于否定句，疑问句和条件句中。
591. sorry/ˈsɒri/ a. 对不起，抱歉的；难过的，同情的；后悔的，遗憾的
【拓展】
be sorry about sth. 对某事感到抱歉
be sorry for sb. 对某人感到抱歉
be sorry to do sth. 因为做某事难过/抱歉
be sorry (that) 从句 对/因某事抱歉
sorrow n. 悲伤
to one’s sorrow令某人悲伤的是
sorrowful a. 悲伤的
【例句】We're very sorry about the damage to your car. 损坏了你的车，我们真是过意不去。
【串记】I’m sorry to hear that you live a sorrowful life. 听说你过着悲惨的生活，我很难过。
592. sort/sɔːt/ n. 种类，类别/型(同type, kind)；vt. 把……分类，整理
【拓展】
a sort of一种
in some sort稍微，多少
sort of有几分地，有点
sort out(from) (从…)选出，把……分类出
【例句】We must sort out the good apples from the bad．我们必须把好苹果与坏苹果分开。
【串记】There are all sorts of objects which need sorting out. 有很多物品需要整理。
【辨析】kind指同类物品中，根据特征、性质而分成类别；sort与kind同义，常换用，但多指大致相似的人和物，多用于口语，商业用语，有时有些轻蔑的意味；type指同一种事物中具有共同特征的物品所形成的种类，范围较kind小。
593. sound /saʊnd/ n. 声音；影响；v. (使)发声，(使)响；link v. 听起来；a. 明智的，合理的；健康/全的
【拓展】
sound like 听起来像
catch the sound of 听到…的声音
out of sound of sb's voice 在听不到某人声音的地方
to a sound 随着声音
to the sound of music 和着乐曲声
within sound of sb's voice 在听得到某人声音的地方
【例句】As far as we ourselves are concerned, we are safe and sound.至于我们自身,则安然无恙。
【串记】The explanation of the strange sound sounds sound. 对奇怪声音的解释听起来很合理。
【辨析】sound/noise/voice
594. spare/speə(r)/a. 空余的; 闲置的; 备用的；v. 抽腾出；赦免；备用品
【拓展】
（1）spare sb. sth. (＝spare sth. for sb. )为某人抽出……
sprite no efforts(costs, expense) on sth. 在……不遗余力(不惜成本，不惜工本)
sprite no efforts(costs, expense) to do...不遗余力(不惜成本，不惜工本)做……
to spare剩余的
(2)in one’s spare time在某人业余时间
【例句】①In my spare time，I often go to the English Corner. 在业余时间，我经常去英语角。
②I will spare no effort to help you with your English. 我将不遗余力地帮助你学习英语。
③I’m sorry I have no time to spare(spare) at the moment. 对不起，我现在没有时间可用。
④They started off late and got to the airport with minutes to spare.他们动身晚了，到达机场时只剩下几分钟了。
⑤Now parents spare no expenses on their children’s education.现在父母在孩子的教育上不吝惜花费。
【串记】Though we have spared no effort to do to do it, we can only spare one spare room for you. 尽管我们已经竭尽全力了，我们只能给你腾出一间空房。
595. speak/spiːk/ (spoke, spoken) vi. 说，讲；演讲；发言；vt. 说(语言、真话)
【拓展】
speak of(或about) 说到（谈论）
speak highly of 赞扬
speak to(或with)sb．about sth．对某人谈某事
speak to sb．on sth．给某人作有关某事的报告。
generally speaking一般地说
not to speak of更不用说，且不说
spesk of A as B把A说成是B
speak out/up 更大声地说；无保留地说出
speaker n. 演讲者；扬声器
spoken a. 口头的
spokesman(spokeswoman) n. (女)发/代言人
【例句】I've spoken to the manager about it. 那件事我已经和经理谈过了。
【串记】The spokesman you are speaking to is spoken highly of. 和你说话的那位发言人受到了高度赞扬。
596. special/ˈspeʃl/ a. 特别/殊的；专门的，特设的；n. 特别的人物；特色菜；特价品
【拓展】
specially ad. 特别地；专门地  
especially 特别，尤其
speciality n. 专业/长; 特性
specialty n. 专业/长；特性/产；招牌菜
specialist n. 专家；专门医师
specialize/specialise vt. 使专门化
specialize in 专攻，专门研究
【例句】There is something special about this place.这个地方有几分特别。
【串记】The specialty that the specialist recommended in this restaurant is special, especially to the youth. 专家推荐这家餐厅的特色菜很特别，尤其是对年轻人来说。
597. speed/spiːd/ n. 速度；v.(sped，sped; -ed，-ed) (使)加速；超速行驶；快速运送；加快，促进
【拓展】
at full speed全速
at a speed of以……速度
speed up加速
with great speed全速地
【例句】①As life pace continues to speed up,we are quickly losing the  art of enjoyment．随着生活节奏的不断加速，我们正在飞快地失去享受的技能。
② He finished the work with amazing speed．他以惊人的速度完成了这项工作。
【串记】Drivers can only drive at a speed of 60km per hour. If they are caught speeding, they will be fined. 司机只能以每小时60公里的速度开车。如果他们超速被抓，他们将被罚款。
598. spend/spend/(spent，spent) v. 度过，消磨；花费(钱、时间等)
【拓展】
spend time(in)doing花时间做……
spend money(time)on sth．花钱(时间)在……上
spend sth for sth/v-ing为…花费…
be spent up把钱花光
【例句】It is not wise to spend too much time playing with smart phones.花太多时间玩智能手机是不明智的。
【串记】Most of her life was spent in caring for others.她大半辈子的时间都用来照顾别人了。
599. spirit/ˈspɪrɪt/ n. 精神；灵魂；(复)情绪，心情；烈酒
【拓展】
in high spirits情绪高涨，精力充沛
in low spirits情绪低落
lose one's spirits垂头丧气 ，沮丧
keep up one's spirits 振作精神
raise sb's spirits 提高某人的士气〔情绪〕
team spirit 团队精神；合作精神
spiritual a. 精神的，心灵的
【例句】You must try and keep your spirits up.你必须设法保持高昂的情绪。
【串记】The sense of team spirit is important in the development. If someone is in low spirits, it will have a bad effect on the team. 团队精神在发展中是很重要的。如果有人情绪低落，就会对团队产生不好的影响。
600. spot /spɒt/ n. 点，斑/污点；瑕疵；场所，地点；v. 沾上污渍，弄脏；发现，认出
【拓展】
(1)on the spot在现场；当场
in a spot  处于困境
(2)be spotted with  满是……斑点
spotless a. 无污点/瑕疵的 (同perfect/flawless)
【例句】①Luckily, there was a doctor on the spot when the accident happened.幸运的是，事发时现场有一位医生。
②This is the very spot where we last met.这就是我们上次见面的地方。
【点津】spot用作先行词时，其后的定语从句通常用where来引导。
【串记】The crime  spot  was covered with spots, but the police soon spotted something useful. 案发现场全是污渍，但警察还是很快就发现了有用的线索。

【趁热打铁】
一、语法填空。
1.University students should spend much time        (learn) social skills.
2.The police caught him         (speed). He was fined and seriously lectured.
3.For the sake of the welfare of our offspring, we should spare no effort to        (protect )our mother planet.
4.Staying with a native speaker is better for children than       (simple) sitting in a classroom.
5.Mencius was a thinker whose teaching were very similar        those of Confucius.   
6.Most of our staff are green hands. We are short of          (skill) workers.
7. In           (social) today we have all been influenced by what we see in the media.  
8. These two species were also similar           body shapes and behaviors.
9. Often, this can also help lower development costs and          (short) delivery time.
10. The regular fan not only talked with the star but also got his          (sign).
二、单句改错。
1. Setting off very early, we went along an extremely narrow road, all in high spirit.  
2. Roses need specially care so that they can live through winter.   
3. World media spoke high of China’s achievements in reform.  
4. Dad was quite skilled in sail, but not good at swimming.  
5. In short, I will do my best to help make the sports meeting a success.
6. It’s really kind of you to spend so much time show me around.  
7. One of the mistakes many of us make is that we feel sorry about ourselves, or others.
8. The spokesman think well of the skillful worker in public at the ceremony.
9. Animals find a safe shelter. Similar, birds set their nests in hidden places for safety.
10. The weak spokeswoman sounded like sick. The following sightseeing might be called off.
三、根据汉语提示完成句子，每空一词。
1. UFO                       (是…的缩写) unidentified flying object.
2. The bullet struck his head and he was killed                       (当场).
3. All my workmates have                       (报名参加) this activity to improve team spirit.
4. I                       (厌倦) the way you've treated me.
5. I happened to                        (瞥见)it yesterday in a fashion.  
四、根据括号的要求翻译句子。
1. 这架飞机似乎有点慢。起飞十分钟后，它仍然在视线中。(seem to do, sort of, in sight)
                                                                                         
2. 熟练的师傅正在教学徒们如何安装设备。(show sb. how to do sth)
                                                                                         
3. 我们最好带点药在身边，说不定有人会突然生病的。(fall sick)
                                                                                          4. 第一组专家专攻人工智能在教育上的应用。(specialize in)
                                                                                         
5. 令他妈伤心的是约翰性格像他的父亲。(to one’s sorrow, be similar to)
                                                                                    


【答案】
一、语法填空。
1. learning  2. speeding  3. to protect  4. simply  5. to  6. Skilled/skillful  7. society  8. in  
9. shorten  10. signature
二、单句改错。
1. spirit→spirits  2. specially→special  3. high→highly  4. sail→sailing  5. 在success前面加a  6. show→showing  7. about→for   8. think→thought  9. Similar→Similarly  10. 去掉like  
三、根据汉语提示完成句子，每空一词。
1. is short for  2. on the spot  3. signed up for  4. am sick of  5. catch sight of
四、根据括号的要求翻译句子。
                                                                                      1. This plane seems to be sort of slow. Ten minutes after it took off ,it is still in sight.(sort of)
2. The skilled master is showing the apprentices how to install the equipment.
3. We'd better take some medicine with ourselves, maybe someone will suddenly fall sick. (fall sick)
4. The first group of specialists specializes in the use of artificial intelligence in education.
5. To his mother’s sorrow, John is similar to his father in character.