【期末复习】新人教版 选择性必修一 Unit 5 词汇语块汇总
一、阅读单词(识认)
1. tackle vt. 解决(难题);应付(局面);处理
2. crisis n. 危机;危急关头
3. yield n. 产量;产出 vt. 出产(作物);产生(收益、效益等) vi. 屈服;让步
4. characteristic n. 特征;特点;品质 adj. 典型的;独特的
5. pollinate vt. 授粉;传粉
6. intense adj. 热切的;十分强烈的;激烈的
7. output n. 产量;输出;输出量 vt. (output, output)输出
8. domestic adj. 本国的;国内的;家用的;家庭的
9. strain n. (动、植物的)系;品种;拉伤;压力
10. soil n. 泥土;土壤;国土;领土
11. celebrity n. 名望;名誉;名人;名流
12. grain n. 谷物;谷粒;颗粒
13. urban adj. 城市的;都市的;城镇的
14. bomb n. 炸弹 vt. 轰炸;对……投炸弹
15. tunnel n. 地下通道;地道;隧道
16. wheat n. 小麦;小麦籽
17. flavour (flavor) n. 味道;特点;特色
18. fertiliser (fertilizer) n. 肥料
19. alleviate vt. 减轻;缓解
20. poverty n. 贫穷;贫困
21. pesticide n. 杀虫剂;除害药物
22. widespread adj. 分布广的;普遍的;广泛的
23. bacterium n. (pl. bacteria)细菌
24. mineral n. 矿物;矿物质
25. grocery n. 食品杂货店;[pl.] 食品杂货
26. instance n. 例子;实例;事例
27. root n. 根;根茎;根部;根源
二、重点单词(背诵)
1. boost vt. 使增长;使兴旺 n. 增长;提高;激励
2. attain vt. (通常经过努力)获得;得到
3. overcome vt. (overcame, overcome)克服;解决;战胜
4. estimate vt. 估计;估价;估算 n. 估计;估算
5. comprise vt. 包括;包含;由……组成
6. leisure n. 闲暇;休闲;空闲
7. digest vt. & vi. 消化 vt. 领会;领悟 n. 摘要;文摘
8. essential adj. 完全必要的;极其重要的
9. alternative n. 可供选择的事物 adj. 可供替代的;非传统的
10. aspect n. 方面;层面
三、词性转换(会用)
1. devote vt. 把……献(给);把……专用于;专心于
devoted adj. 忠实的;深爱的
devotion n. 献身;奉献;忠诚
2. short adj. 短的;矮的;不足的;缺乏的
shorten vt. 变短;缩短
shortage n. 不足;缺少;短缺
3.convince vt. 使相信;使确信;说服
convincing adj. 令人信服的
convinced adj. 确信的;信服的
4.convention n. 习俗;常规
conventional adj. 传统的;习惯的
5.assume v. 假定;假设;认为
assumption n. 假定;设定;(责任的)承担;(权力的)获得
6.expand vt. & vi. 扩大;增加 vt. 扩展;发展(业务)
expansion n. 扩张;扩展;扩大
7.consume v. 消耗;耗费(燃料、能量、时间等);消费
consumption n. 消耗;消耗量;消费
consumer n. 消费者
8.generate vt. 产生;引起
generation n. 代;一代人;产生
9.vision n. 想象;视力;视野;影像
envision vt. 展望;想象
10.real adj. 真实的
reality n. 现实;实际情况;事实
realize v. 实现;意识到
really adv. 真正地
11.salt n. 盐
salty adj. 含盐的;咸的
12.extend vt. 延长;延伸;扩大
extension n. 扩建部分;扩大;电话分机
13.chemistry n. 化学
chemical adj. 与化学有关的;化学的 n. 化学制品;化学品
chemist n. 化学家
14.nutrition n. 营养;滋养
nutritional adj. 营养(物)的
nutritious adj. 有营养的;营养丰富的
15.organ n. 器官;乐器;机构
organic adj. 有机的;不使用化肥的;有机物的
16.deep adj. 深的 adv. 深深地;在深处
depth n. 向下(或向里)的距离;深(度)
deepen vt. 加深
17.entire adj. 整个的;全部的;完全的
entirely adv. 全部地;完整地;完全地
四、练习——单句语法填空
1. The teacher ___________ all his life to educating his ___________ students and his ___________ to education was well thought of. (devote)
2. He had been ___________ of exercise for a long time. The ___________ of exercise led to his weakness. So he ___________ his time of playing computer games to take exercise. (short)
3. Teacher’s ___________ words finally ___________ me to get rid of my bad habits, and I was ___________ that he was really concerned about my future. (convince)
4. It was first ___________ that he was the murderer, but later it turned out to be a false ___________. (assume)
5. A student’s vocabulary ___________ through reading. In turn, the ___________ of a vocabulary contributes to digesting the reading materials. (expand)
6. During holidays, ___________ ___________ a lot of goods. The ___________ can bring a lot of profits to shoppers. (consume)
7. In ___________ life, if you respect ___________ and ___________ work hard, you are bound to ___________ your dream. (real)
8. The water is so ___________ that no one knows its exact ___________. Moreover, experts think that it is ___________ gradually. (deep)
【答案】
1. devoted; devoted; devotion
2. short; shortage; shortened
3. convincing; convinced; convinced
4. assumed; assumption
5. expands; expansion
6. consumers; consume; consumption
7. real; reality; really; realize
8. deep; depth; deepening
五、短语词块(提分必备)
1. devote ... to 把……用于;献身;致力;专心
2. be comprised of 包括;包含;由……组成(或构成)
3. depend on 依赖;依靠
4. deep down 在内心深处;本质上;实际上
5. far from 远非
6. care for 照顾;照料;关心;喜欢
7. at home and abroad 在国内外
8. open up 打开;开放
9. cut down 砍倒;砍伐;削减
10. take on 承担;雇用;呈现
11. turn into 变成
12. make use of 利用
13. adapt to 适应
14. complain about 抱怨
15. make up one’s mind 下定决心
16. give up 放弃
17. in addition 另外
18. in turn 相应地;转而;依次;轮流
19. cause damage to 损害
20. as for 关于;至于
21. turn to 转向;求助
22. focus on 集中(注意力、精力等)于
23. keep ... free from/of 使……免受(影响、伤害等);使……不含(有害物)
24. for instance 例如;比如
25. nowhere near 完全没有;远不及
26. set up 建立
27. carry out 实行;执行;进行;履行(诺言、义务等)
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