Book 2 Unit 2 单元语法

Unit 2：现在进行时的被动语态

现在进行时的被动语态表示“说话时或现阶段正在被做的动作”，主语是动作的承受者。
一、现在进行时被动语态的构成
1. 肯定形式：主语+am/is/are＋being＋过去分词
The house is being painted.
房子正在被粉刷。
The question is being discussed at the meeting now.
这个问题现在正在会上被讨论。
Another bridge is being built over the Changjiang River at present.
目前长江上正在建造另一座大桥。
2. 否定形式：主语+am/is/are＋not＋being＋过去分词
The trees are not being watered.
树木没有正在被浇水。
The baby isn’t being taken good care of.
这婴儿没在得到很好的照顾。
3. 一般疑问形式：Am/Is/Are＋主语＋being＋过去分词?
Is the bridge being built in the village?
村子里的桥正在被修吗？
Are a number of Dongfeng trucks being shipped abroad?
一批东风卡车正被运往国外吗？
4. 特殊疑问形式：疑问词+(主语)+am/is/are+being+done?
What is being done to the machine?
现在正在对这台机器采取什么措施？
How many houses are being built in the village?
村里正在建造多少房屋？
二、主动语态变被动语态的方法
1. 将主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语。
2. 将主动谓语变为被动谓语（am/is/are＋being+过去分词）。
3. 将主动语态的主语变为by短语（在被动句中用作状语，若不强调动作执行者，被动语态中的by短语通常可以省略）。
Scientists (主语) are studying (谓语) the new disease (宾语) at present.
→The new disease (主语) is being studied (谓语) at present by scientists (状语).
They (主语) are building (谓语) nine parks (宾语).
→Nine parks (主语) are being built (谓语) (by them) (状语).