Book 2 Unit 知识清单

【知识清单】新人教高中英语必修二Unit 1
重点单词
1. former  adj. 以前的；（两者中）前者的
(1) 前者……，后者……  the former..., the latter...
(2) 我赞成前一个观点而他支持后一个。
I’m in favor of the former opinion while he is in support of the latter one.
2. preserve  vt. 保存；保护；维持 n. 保护区
(1) 保护……免受……  preserve...from/against doing sth.
(2) 保存完好的  well-preserved
(3) 保护环境免受污染至关重要。
It is highly important to preserve the environment from being polluted.
preservation  n. 保护
3. promote  vt. 促进；提升；推销；晋级
(1) 促进和平  promote peace
(2) 得到晋升  get promoted
(3) 由于缺乏专业知识，他没有得到提升。
He failed to get promoted for lack of professional knowledge.
promotion  n. 提升，促销
4. application  n. 申请表；用途；运用；应用（程序）
(1) 求职信  A job application (letter)
(2) 申请信，求职信  A letter of application
(3) 向……提出申请  apply to sb. for sth./make an application to sb. for sth.
(4) 致力于  apply oneself/one’s mind to doing sth.
(5) 你只有专心学习，才会通过考试。
You will pass the exam only if you really apply yourself to your study.
apply  v. 运用，应用
5. balance  n. 平衡；均匀 vt. 使平衡
(1) 保持平衡  keep balance
(2) 保持均衡的饮食  keep a balanced diet
(3) 失去平衡  lose one’s balance/out of balance
(5) 使A和B平衡  keep a balance between A and B
(6) 总的来说  On balance
6. proposal  n. 提议；建议
(1) 提出建议  make/put forward a proposal
(2) 同意、接受提议  approve of/accept a proposal
(3) 他们都同意我的建议，我们分摊计程车费。
They all agreed to my proposal that we should share in the taxi fare.
propose  v. 建议，提议
7. likely  adj. 可能的 adv. 可能地
(1) 很可能做某事……  be likely to do sth.
(2) 很可能……  It’s likely that...
(3) 如果专心学习，他很可能成功。
He is likely to succeed if he concentrates on his study.
8. contribute  vi. 捐献；捐助
contribution  n. 捐款；贡献；捐赠
(1) 为……做出贡献；向……捐款
contribute...to…
make a contribution to...
(2) 促成；造成  contribute to...（=lead to/result in）
9. attempt  n./vt. 企图；试图；尝试
(1) 企图、试图做某事
attempt to do sth
make attempt to do sth/at doing sth
in an attempt to do sth
(2) 在某人第一次尝试时  at one’s first attempt
10. worthwhile  adj. 值得做的；值得花时间的
(1) 值得做
be worthwhile to do (=be worth doing/be worthy to be done/of being done)
(2) 值得参观
be worth visiting/worthy to be visited/worthy of being visited
11. entrance  n. 入口；进入
在……的入口  at the entrance to...
enter  v. 进入
12. forgive  vt./vi. (forgave, forgiven) 原谅；宽恕 vt. 对不起；请原谅
(1) 宽恕某人某事  forgive sb sth
(2) 因为……原谅某人  forgive sb for...
(3) 因为某事而惩罚某人  punish sb for sth
13. quality  n. 质量；品质；素质；特征  adj. 优质的；高质量的
(1) 空气质量  air quality
(2) 教育质量  the quality of education
(3) 质量好（上乘）  be of high/good quality
(4) 质量次（差）  be of low/poor quality
(5) 优质商品  goods of high quality
quantity  n. 数量
14. opinion  n. 意见；想法；看法
(1) 在某人看来  in one’s opinion/view
(2) 在作者看来  in the author’s opinion
(3) 就……发表意见  give/express one’s opinions on
(4) 对……评价好/不好/高/低  have a good/bad/high/low opinion of...
(5) 你认为……怎么样？  what’s your opinion of...?
15. contrast  n. 对比；对照
(1) 与此相反；比较起来  in contrast
(2) 相比之下；与之相比  by contrast
(3) 与……形成对比；与……相比  by/in contrast with/to
重点词语
1. take part in...  参与（某事）；参加（某活动）
(1) 参加体育和户外活动  take part in sports and outdoor activities
(2) 在……中扮演……角色；对……起……作用  play a (...) part in...
(3) 听报告  attend a lecture
(4) 参军/入团  join the army/the league
2. give way to  让步；屈服
(1) 放弃吸烟  give up smoking
(2) 泄露；赠送，分发  give away
(3) 用完；耗尽；分发；散发  give out
(4) 发出，放出（光、热、气味等）  give off
3. lead to...  导致……；通向……
(1) 引发抗议  lead to protest
(2) 导致；引起……  result in.../bring about.../contribute to...
4. turn to...  向……求助
(1) 向某人求助 turn to sb for help
(2) 调高（音量等）；出现，到来  turn up
(3) 调低（音量等）；拒绝  turn down
(4) 打开（水、煤气、电灯等）  turn on
(5) 关掉（水、煤气、电灯等）  turn off
(6) 结果是，证明是  turn out...
5. prevent…from…  阻止；不准……
(1) 阻止某人做某事  prevent/stop/keep sb from doing sth
(2) 被阻止做某事  be kept/prevented/stopped from doing sth
(3) 什么也不能阻止我们保卫我们的国家。
Nothing could prevent us from defending our country.
6. 向……捐赠……  (=contribute…to….)
(1) Last year he donated $10,000 to cancer research.
去年他捐赠了1万美元用于癌症研究。
(2) What we could do is to donate some money to them.
他能做的就是向他们捐赠点钱。
重点句型
1. there comes a time when...
课本原句
(1) There comes a time when the old must give way to the new.
到了一定时候，旧的必须让位给新的。
句式改写
(2) 这/那/它是一个……的时期
This/That/It is/was a time when...
(3) 曾经有一段时间
There was a time when...
(4) 曾经有一段时间我和同班同学相处得很不好。
There was a time when I was getting along badly with my classmates.
2. not only…but also… (not only 置于句首，句子倒装)
课本原句
(1) Not only had the countries found a path...but they had also learn that...
这些国家不仅找到了方法……，而且还认识到……
句式改写
(2) 他不但学习刻苦，而且很聪明。（用倒装句）
Not only does he work hard, but also he is very clever.

3. suggest that…should do...
课本原句
(1) 在她结束讲话之前，这位科学家建议我们成立一个专家委员会……
Before he ended her speech, the scientist suggested that we need to establish a committee of experts...
句式改写
(2) 她建议我们在那家新开的餐馆吃午餐。
She suggested that we should have lunch at the new restaurant.
4. It is said that...
课本原句
(1) 据说这是一面明镜，可以分辨是非！
It is said that it’s a mirror that can tell right from wrong.
句式改写
(2) 据报道  It is reported that
(3) 人们认为  It is considered that
(4) 人们相信  It is believed that
(5) 有人建议  It is suggested that