XB 2 Unit 1 语境记单词

【语境记单词】新人教版 选择性必修二 Unit 1（中英对照）
Cholera is an infectious disease caused by germs. People who are infected with this disease will suffer from severe diarrhoea, dehydration and even death. As a young doctor, John Snow felt a little frustrated at first, but he was determined to defeat “King Cholera” once and for all. There were then two contradictory theories to explain how cholera spread. Snow subscribed to the correct theory that cholera was caused by an infection from germs in food or water. But Snow needed proof and findings. It happened that cholera broke out in London in 1854, and Snow began to investigate. He discovered that there were multiple deaths in some households near the water pump in Broad Street. This showed there was a link between the cases of cholera and the water. Snow suspected that the water pump was to blame, so he had the handle of the water pump removed. Thanks to Snow’s intervention, people began to drink pure water instead of raw water. Thus, there was a substantial decrease in the threat of cholera. Furthermore, in his use of maps and statistics, Snow transformed the way scientists study diseases. His thinking and concept on disease were quite novel at that time. Therefore, Snow is considered the father of modern epidemiology.
【中文意思】
霍乱是一种由细菌引起的传染病。感染这种疾病的人会严重腹泻、脱水，甚至死亡。作为一名年轻的医生，约翰·斯诺一开始感到有点儿沮丧，但他决心彻底击败“霍乱王”。当时有两种相互矛盾的理论来解释霍乱是如何传播的。斯诺赞同正确的理论，即霍乱是由食物或水中的细菌感染引起的。但斯诺需要证据和调查结果。1854年伦敦恰巧爆发了霍乱，斯诺开始调查。他发现宽街水泵附近的一些家庭有多人死亡。这说明霍乱病例与饮用水有联系。斯诺怀疑水泵是罪魁祸首，于是他让人把水泵的把手拆掉了。多亏了斯诺的介入，人们开始饮用纯净水而不是生水。因此，霍乱的威胁大幅降低。此外，斯诺利用地图和统计资料，改变了科学家研究疾病的方式。他对疾病的思考和观念在当时是相当新颖的。因此，斯诺被认为是现代流行病学之父。
Doctors use microscopes to observe cells, germs, viruses or proteins in cells, while astronomers look at stars and study astronomy through telescopes. A theory may be abstract, but research work needs to have a solid, concrete or vivid theoretical framework. Besides John Snow, it is worth mentioning Qian Xuesen, the father of China’s aerospace industry. He was an outstanding, gifted and patriotic scientist. At first, he studied Railway Mechanical Engineering. In order to defend China’s airspace, he shifted his major to aviation. While studying in the United States, Qian Xuesen was a graduate assistant, studying jet and rocket technology. After returning to China, he was put in charge of developing China’s rocket science and its space and missile programme. Under Qian’s leadership, China’s aerospace industry made steady progress and achieved initial success. Now let’s change the subject. Here is a picture of a brilliant rainbow after a heavy rain. There is a man standing over there. The rainbow casts different shadows of the man. Above all, the moon is hanging in the sky, but the sun has not yet set. Can you find fault with this picture?
【中文意思】
医生用显微镜观察细胞、细菌、病毒或细胞中的蛋白质，而天文学家则用望远镜观察星体和研究天文学。理论可能是抽象的，但研究工作需要有一个坚实、具体或生动的理论框架。除了约翰·斯诺，值得一提的是“中国航天之父”钱学森。他是一位杰出的、有天赋的、爱国的科学家。起初，他学习铁道机械工程。为了保卫中国的领空，他转到了航空专业。在美国留学期间，钱学森是一名研究生助理，研究喷气式飞机和火箭技术。回国后，他被任命主管发展中国的火箭科学及其太空和导弹项目。在钱学森的领导下，中国航天事业稳步发展，并且初见成效。现在咱们换个话题吧。这是一幅大雨过后的绚丽的彩虹图。有一个人站在那边。彩虹投射出这个人不同的影子。最重要的是，天空中挂着月亮，但太阳还没有落山。你能找出这幅画的错误吗？